Ingqungquthela ye-thyroid iyona nto ibaluleke kakhulu emzimbeni womntu. Akunamadada kuwo, ngoko onke ama-hormone avelisa rhoqo, ngokukhawuleza awela egazini. I-thyroid gland ilawulwa yi-hypothalamus kunye ne-pituitary gland. Kukho kuwo ama hormone afunekayo ukwenzela ukusebenza ngokuqhelekileyo kwinkqubo yonke ye-endocrine.
Yintoni echaphazela i-hormone ye-TSH?
I-TSH (i-hormone ye-thyrotropic) i-hormone elawulayo yengqondo yomntu. Iveliswa kwi-lobe yangaphandle ye-pituitary gland kwaye ilawula umsebenzi we-thyroid gland. I-Thyrotropin yenza kwi-receptors kwi-thyroid gland, kwaye oku kwandisa inani kunye nobukhulu beeseli ze-thyroid. Kodwa oku akukho konke, apho i-hormone TTG idibana nayo. Kwakhona:
- ivuselela i-adenylate cyclase;
- ukwandisa ukungena kwe-iodine ngamaseli;
- ukwandisa i-protein, i-phospholipids kunye ne-nucleic acid.
Kodwa okubaluleke kakhulu, yintoni echaphazela i-hormone TSG-ukuveliswa kwe-hormone ye-thyroid T4 kunye ne-hormone ye-bi-T. Nguye ovuselela ukubonakala kwawo, kwaye zibaluleke kakhulu ekusebenzeni ngokuqhelekileyo kwendalo yonke, kuba i-T3 ne-T4 yenza imisebenzi enjalo:
- ukukhawuleza ukucinga;
- Ukwandisa umqhubi wemoto kunye noxinzelelo lwegazi;
- ukugcina indawo yokuphefumula;
- ukwandisa ubukhulu kunye namandla okubethelwa kwesigqibo senhliziyo;
- ukwandisa umsebenzi wengqondo;
- khuthaza ukufana kweeprotheni ezakhiwe ihomoni ye-renal;
- ukukhawuleza ukutsalwa kwe-oksijini kwizitho.
IHormone TSH emzimbeni
Kukho ulwalamano oluphambene phakathi kwama-hormones TSH kunye ne-T4 yamahhala. Ukuba kukho i-thyroxine eninzi (T4) egazini, oku kukukhokelela ekunciphiseni okubukhali kwimveliso ye-hormone ye-thyroid evuselela i-TSH. Ngako oko, ukwehla kwe-T4 ingcinezelo kwandisa imveliso ye-TSH. Ukugqithiswa kwizinto eziqhelekileyo kunokubonisa ukuba khona kwezifo emzimbeni kwaye kubangele ukuphuhliswa kwamathambo.
Ngoko ke, ukuba i-hormone ye-TSH iyancipha, kunokwenzeka ukunciphisa umsebenzi we-pituitary gland kunye nokuvela kwe- hyperthyroidism , kwaye i-TSH eyimfuneko ibonisa ukungabikho komsebenzi we-adrenal kunye nobukho bentsholongwane yengqondo okanye i-tumors. Ukukhutshwa kwe-T4 okanye i-T3 kuncitshiswa:
- ukubonakala kwe-edema;
- ukubuthathaka kwamakhono;
- ukunciphisa uxinzelelo lwegazi;
- intlungu entliziyweni ;
- ukuphazamiseka kwentliziyo;
- ukuphazamiseka kwenkqubo yokuzala;
- iziphazamiso zendlela yokutya.
Kubasetyhini abakhulelweyo, ukunciphisa ukukhutshwa kwe-T3 kunye ne-T4 kungabangela ukuphazanyiswa kokubunjwa kwamathambo omntwana kunye neeseli zesistim se-central central, kwaye kukhokelela ekungqineni kohlobo lwe-oksijini kunye nezondlo ezihlukeneyo kwiiscuphe zomntwana.
Uhlalutyo lwe-hormone TTG, T3, T4
Ukuxilongwa ngokupheleleyo kwegciwane le-thyroid kunye nokukhethwa kwonyango olwaneleyo, uhlalutyo olunzima luyenzelwa amahomoni T4, TTG kunye ne-T3. Zonke i-hormone ye-thyroid shchitovidki ingaba kwindawo exhunyiwe okanye evulekileyo, ngoko ukuhlolwa kwegazi kunoku:
- I-T3-total (i-triiodothyronine yamahhala) eboshwe);
- I-T4-ezamahala (i-thyroxine ekhululekile, engahambelani neeprotheni zegazi);
- I-T4-jikelele (free thyroxine + eboshwe);
- I-TZ-ezamahala (i-triiodothyronine yamahhala (i-T3) engenakunxulumene neeprotheni zegazi).
Iimpawu eziqhelekileyo zoxinzelelo lwe-thyroid i-thyroid i-TSH, i-T3 kunye ne-T4 egazini ingaba neentlukwano ezincinci kuxhomekeke kwindlela yokusebenzisa i-laboratory, ubudala kunye nesondo somguli.
Kulula kakhulu ukudlulisa uhlalutyo olunjalo. Kufuneka kuphela:
- Qinisekisa ukuba ngenyanga yokugqibela awuzange uthathe iziyobisi ezichaphazela umsebenzi we-thyroid.
- Ungadli iiyure ezili-10-12 phambi kovavanyo.
- Musa ukutshaya okanye ukusela utywala, kunye nokunciphisa umthambo ngosuku ngaphambi kokufunda.