Ukuhlola i-2 trimester

Ngokuqinisekileyo, wonke umama ozayo ufuna ukukholelwa ukuba umntwana wakhe uza kuzalwa enempilo. Kodwa, njengokuba kukho ukubonisa, iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zentsholongwane ayinqabile.

Ezi zifo ezifana ne-Down's syndrome, i-Edwards, kunye nezinye izinto ezingaqhelekiyo ze-chromosomal ziqhinga ngokwaneleyo:

• Okokuqala, akunakwenzeka ukuqikelela ukuphuhliswa kwawo kwangaphambili (njengomthetho, ukukhubazeka kwakha emva kokukhulelwa, kwaye abazali okanye oogqirha abanokuchaphazela le nkqubo);
• Okwesibini, ezi zifo kunzima ukudibanisa kunye nobomi obusisigxina, abaxhatshali kumachiza okanye kunyango olunyango, kwaye iintsana ezizalwayo zingathi ziza kubandezeleka;
• Okwesithathu, kunzima ukuxilonga isifo kwi-utero. Nangona iindlela zophando zakutshanje asisoloko zikwazi ukwenza isigqibo sokugqibela. Kwiimeko ezininzi, kuphela ipesenti yomntwana onokukhubazeka kumenyezelwa kubazali. Kwaye isigqibo sokugcina ukhulelwe okanye cha, sihlala kuso.

Namhlanje, oogqirha bancomela ukuba bonke abafazi abakhulelweyo baphonononge ukuhlolwa komntu ngamunye ngaphambi kokuqala kokuqala kokuqala kokukhulelwa ukuze kuchongwe ingozi yokuba nomntwana onokugula okukhulu. Olu vavanyo lucingwa njengona luthembekileyo.

Kuthetha ukuthini ukuhlolwa kwe-perinatal ye-2 trimester?

Ngethuba lonke ixesha lokukhulelwa, oomama abanesilumko abanomdla baya kuhlolwa ngokukhathala kokubeleka kokuqala: kwi-1st and 2-trimester. Nangona kunjalo, ukuhlolwa kwesibini kukufundisa, kuba ngexesha elinjalo kulula kakhulu ukuqonda ukuba yiyiphi impazamo evela kwimimiselo yokuhlalutya inokuthi, kwaye ezinye iintsholongwane zibonakala zibonakala ngokucacileyo kwi-ultrasound.

Ngokubanzi, ukuhlolwa kwe-perinatal ye-2 trimester kuthetha:

1. Ukuhlolwa kwezinto ezinokwenziwa kwezinto ezinokwenziwa kwe-biometri ye-2 trimester (ukuvavanya kathathu), okungabonakali nto ngaphandle kokuthotyelwa kwemimiselo yexabiso lezinto ezintathu kwigazi lomama (AFP, hCG, estriol).
2. Ukuhlola i-ultrasound kukufundwa ngokubanzi (isakhiwo sezitho zangaphakathi zobustile sihlolisiswa ngenyameko, imeko ye-placenta kunye ne-amniotic fluid izimisele).
3. I-Cordocentesis yiphononongo olongezelelweyo olwenziwa ngokubhekiselele kwimiqondiso yoogqirha.

Iimpawu kunye nemigangatho yesibini yokuhlola ukukhulelwa

Ngoko, kwinkqubo yokuphonononga, inqanaba le-AFP lichongiwe. I-AFP yiprotheyini eyenziwa ngumntwana. Ngokuqhelekileyo i-AFP inokuguquka ngaphakathi kwe-15-95 U / ml, kuxhomekeke kwiiyiphi iiveki ukuhlolwa kwesibini kwenziwe. Ukuba iziphumo ezifunyenwe ziphezulu kuneziqhelo, oogqirha banokubonisa ukuba ukuphulwa kwentambo yomgca okanye isiphako se-tube ye-neural. I-AFP engapheliyo ingabonisa inani lezifo, ezifana ne- Down's syndrome , i-syndrome ye-Edwards, okanye i-Meckel syndrome. Nangona kunjalo, kwiimeko ezinjalo, ukutolika kwenkqubo yokuhlola kuyamangalisa.

Into yesibili oogqirha abayibonayo emva kokuhlolwa kwesibini yinqanaba le-estriol. Ixabiso layo kufuneka landa kunye nokwanda kwimihla yokunyusa. Ukugqithiswa kwe-estriol kunokubonisa ukungaqhelekanga kwe-chromosomal (Down syndrome) okanye usongelo lokuzalwa ngaphambi kokuzalwa.

Kwakhona, i-chromosomal pathology iboniswa lizinga eliphezulu leHCG .

Ngokubhekiselele kwi-ultrasound yokuhlola, ngoko kufuneka uthembele kuphela kwizakhono kunye nokunyamekela ngugqirha oqhuba inkqubo.

Ukuhlolwa kwesibini nini?

Kuxhomekeke kwiingaphi iiveki ukuhlolwa kwesibini kwenziwe, ukulungiswa kuqaliswa xa kuchazwa iziphumo. Ngokuyinene, iingcali zincoma ukuba zingalindelekanga kunye nexesha lokungenisa iimvavanyo eziyimfuneko phambi kweveki ye-20. Ixesha elifanelekileyo lokujonga isibini lokukhulelwa iiveki ezingama-16 ukuya kwe-18.