Ngelishwa, akuyiyo yonke into yokuzalwa eya kudlula kwaye iphelile ngempumelelo. Kwenzeka ukuba umntwana ufuna uncedo olulodwa. Ubukho kwisibhedlele sokubeleka kwisebe lokuvuselela abantwana abasandul 'ukuzalwa lithuba lokuba abantwana abaninzi baphile kwaye bakhule bephilile.
Ukuvuselelwa kubizwa ngokuba yimilinganiselo yemigqaliselo eyenzelwe ukubuyisela imisebenzi ebalulekileyo yomzimba - ngokukodwa ukujikeleza kwegazi kunye nokuphefumula. Ukuvuselelwa kwabantwana abasanda kuzalwa kuthiwa ngamanyathelo enyango, okwenziwa ngokukhawuleza ekuzalweni kwaye kwiiyure ezingama-24 ezilandelayo zobomi bomntwana ukuba zisuswe kwiimeko ezibucayi. Ukuhlaziywa kwenziwa kwiimeko xa kungekho nto yokuphefumula okanye yomsebenzi wenhliziyo ipheliswa, okanye ekungabikho kwemisebenzi yomibini. Ukuhlaziywa kuyimfuneko kunye ne-pulse ye-child-less-100 engama-minute ngomzuzu, i-dyspnea, i-apnea, i-hypotension-oko kukuthi, kunye nokudandatheka kwe-cardiopulmonary. Ngokutsho kwe-WHO, ukuya kwi-10% yabantwana abatsha bafuna uncedo olukhethekileyo lokuzalwa.
Ukuhlaziywa kweprayimari kwintsana
Emva kokuzalwa eklasini lokunikezela umntwana usuhlolwe ngu-neonatologist. Ngokwimeko yokuphefumla, i-palpitation, isikhumba, i-muscle tone, okubizwa ngokuba yi-Apgar score ibonakala. Ukunyamekela ngokutsha kuya kufunwa ukuba usana luya kuhlolwa:
- ukungabikho kwe-palpitation;
- i-hernia ye-diaphragmatic;
- ukungabi nokuphefumula okuzimeleyo;
- izinga lentliziyo elinciphileyo;
- iinjongo zeMeconium.
Amanyathelo okuqala okuvuselelwa kwabantwana abatsha kwiinkonzo zokuhanjiswa zenziwa yi-neonatologist, i-anastasiologist-resuscitator kunye nabahlengikazi ababini, ngamnye owenza imisebenzi ecacisiweyo. Xa isandulwana esandula kuzaliswa sisuswa kwi-amniotic fluid kwaye ifake kwitafile yokuvuselela iintsana ezishushu ngokushushu, i-neonatologist inokulinganisa ukushisa komzimba kwaye ihlambulule iphepheni yokuphefumula ebusweni. I-reanimatologist ibala izinga lentliziyo, yenza i-massage ye-cardiac engathanga ngqo, kwaye iphulaphule imiphunga. Ukuba kuyimfuneko, i-ventilation yokufakelwa imiselwe ukuba isebenzise imaski ekhethiweyo kunye nebhegi de kube yimibala ebomvu yolusu. Ukuba, emva kokulinganisa oku, umntwana osanda kuzalwa akaqali ukuphefumula ngokwabo, uhlaziyekile nge-trachea. Izindlela zokuvuselela iintsana zibandakanya ukulawulwa kwezinto (i-adrenaline, i-cocarboxylase) efaka isandla ekubuyiselweni kwethambo le-vascular.
Ukuba umntwana akenzi ukuphalaza okuzimeleyo, amanyathelo okuvuselela agqitywa emva kwemizuzu eyi-15-20.
Isigaba sesibini yisebe lokuvuselela iintsana
Ukuba imilinganiselo ephambili isiphelile ngokusekwa kwemisebenzi yokuphefumula kunye ne-palpitation, umntwana uyadluliselwa kwiyunithi yonyango enkulu. Kukho, zonke izenzo zoogqirha ziya kujoliswa ekuthinteleni okanye ekupheliseni i-edema ye-cerebral, ukubuyiswa kwemjikelezo yegazi, umsebenzi wezintso.