AFP - yintoni na?

Ngokuqhelekileyo, abasetyhini, besesimweni, banikezela ezininzi iimvavanyo, ezicwangcisiweyo kwaye ngokwemiqathango kadokotela, okhokelela ukukhulelwa. Kwaye, ukuba, umzekelo, wonke umntu uyazi ukuba yiyiphi progesterone, yiyiphi i-AFP kwaye yintoni igazi elichithwa ngokuba liyaziwa ngambalwa.

I-Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) iprotheyini eyenziwa ngokuthe ngqo kwisibindi kunye nesisu sesisu sombungu.

I-AFP yatshintsha njani ngexesha lokukhulelwa?

Isetyenziselwa ukuxilongwa ngexesha elifanelekileyo kwiintlobo ezahlukeneyo zeziphene kwiqondo lokukhula lomntwana. Kwinqanaba lokuqala lophuhliso, le prothini iveliswa ngumzimba ophuzi. Sekuqale ukususela kwiveki yesi-5 yokukhulelwa, umntwana uqala ukuvelisa ngokwakho. Ngaloo ndlela, i-alpha-fetoprotein idlala indima yokukhusela umntwana, ngaphandle kwendlela yokukhishwa kombungu ngomzimba womama.

Njengoko uxinzelelo lwe-AFP ekwandeni kombungu, ukugxininiswa kwenyuka kwigazi lomama. Ngaloo ndlela, izinga eliphezulu leprotheni liphela kweeveki ezi-13 ukuya ku-16. Yingakho i-AFP kunye nokukhulelwa okuqhubekayo ngokuqhubekayo, ibhinqa lenza ngokwalo mhla. Uxinaniso oluphezulu lwalo protein lufikelela kumaveki angama-32-34, emva koko luye lancipha kancane kancane. Ngoko, ngomnyaka o-1 umgangatho we-alpha-fetoprotein emzimbeni weemvuthu ufikelele kwixabiso eliqhelekileyo.

Uhlalutyo lwe-AFP luphelelwe njani?

Ngokuqhelekileyo, abafazi abakhulelweyo, banikele igazi kwi-AFP, abazi ukuba yintoni, kwaye ngokufanelekileyo, abazi iirhafu zesiqhelo. Ukwaziswa okusemgangathweni kumazwe amaninzi ekuqhubeni ukuhlalutya okunjalo yi-MoM (ephakathi). Kubalwa ngokubala ixabiso eliqhelekileyo kwixabiso eliphambili leprotini-level. Kule meko, ixesha elithile lokukhulelwa liphawu lokubaluleka kwalo. Isiqhelo se-AFP ngexesha lokukhulelwa kukuguqulwa koxinzelelo lweprotheni ngaphakathi kwe-0.5-2.5 i-MoM.

Kwimeko yokwanda kwenkxalabo ye-AFP ngaphezu kwesi siqhelo, oogqirha bacinga ukuba kukho ukugula kwi-fetus okanye ukuphulwa komzimba wesifazane okhulelweyo. Ngoko, umfanekiso ofanayo unokugqalwa xa:

• ukukhulelwa okubanzi ;
• necrosis yesibindi;
• Ukuhlukunyezwa kwebhanti ye-neural ye-fetus;
• udweliso lwodonga lwangaphakathi lwesisu;
• i-hernia embilical emntwaneni .

Luphi uhlalutyo olwenziwa kwi-AFP?

Ukongezelela, ukuba uhlalutyo lokumisela izinga le-AFP lwenziwa ngexesha lokukhulelwa, lingasetyenziselwa ukuchonga izigulane kumadoda kunye nabesifazane abangakhulelweyo. Ngoko, ngokuqhelekileyo xa kukho ukukrokrelwa kwe-oncology, inqanaba le-AFP lenza indima yomntu onqamlekileyo, kodwa kungekhona wonke umntu ogqithisa uhlalutyo owaziyo. Ngoko ukwanda kwinqanaba le protein kumzimba kungabangelwa ngu:

• umhlaza wesibindi, i-pancreas, i-colon;
• isisu se-bronchus;
• i-cirrhosis yesibindi;
• i-viral hepatitis;
• ukungaphumeleli kwindlala.

Njengoko ubona, uluhlu lwezifo apho olu hlalutyo lwenziwa lukhulu.

Kuchaneka njani ukunikela ngokuhlalutya kwi-AFP?

Uhlalutyo lwe-AFP ngokwayo alukwaziswa ngokwaneleyo. Ngoko ke, rhoqo idatha yakhe isekelwa yi-ultrasound. Ngokuqhelekileyo ekukhuleleni, kunye nokuzimisela kwinqanaba le-alpha-fetoprotein, i-hormone ye-placental imisiwe, eyenza umjobi wezilwanyana ahlolisise imeko yenkqubo yepalus of fetus. Ngoko ke, ngokuqhelekileyo uhlalutyo lwenziwe ukulungiselela i-chorionic gonadotropin egazini.

Ukuqhuba olu cwaningo, igazi lithathwe kwisisu somfazi okhulelweyo. Ngethuba elifanayo, ixesha elifanelekileyo liveki ezili-14 ukuya kwe-15, kodwa ucingo lwenziwa kwithuba leveki ezi-14-20 zokukhulelwa. Njengemivavanyo emininzi, i-AFP yenziwa kwisisu esingenalutho, kusasa. Kule meko, emva kokutya kokugqibela kufuneka kuthathe ubuncinane iiyure ezingama-4-6.

Ngaloo ndlela, uhlalutyo lwe-AFP luvumela ukuchongwa ngokukhawuleza kweentsholongwane ezingumntwana.