Kwiminyaka embalwa edlulileyo, amazwe amaninzi aseSoviet agqiba ukutshintshwa kwenkqubo ephakamileyo ye-Europe yemfundo ephakamileyo. Phantse zonke iikoyunivesithi namhlanje zibonelela ngoqeqesho lwabaxhamli nabaphathi. Inkqubo yeklastiki yale nkqubo yezemfundo yile ndlela ilandelayo: iminyaka emine yokufunda kwisiganga se-bachelor kwaye emva kweminyaka emi-2 kumantyi. Ngoko yintoni umehluko phakathi kwe-bachelor's degree? I-Bachelors zikulungele ukuqeqeshwa ngolwazi oluyimfuneko ukuze kwenziwe umsebenzi ophezulu kwiindawo ezikhethekileyo. Kwaye idiploma ehambelana nemfundo ephakamileyo abanayo. Nangona kunjalo, ngaphezu kwesigamu sabasebenzi nabafundi abafumana izifundo ngaphambi kokuqalisa inkqubo ye-Bologna bahlala beqhuba izifundo zabo kumantyi.
Kutheni? Yintoni elungcono - inkosi okanye i-bachelor, kwaye yintoni umehluko phakathi kwabo? Kwaye ngokubaluleke kakhulu, ngaba yimfundo ekhethekileyo kunye neephambili zomsebenzi ezivuleleke kumakhosi?
Izixhobo zoqeqesho
Kwiinkqubo zemfundo zanamhlanje, umahluko phakathi kwe-bachelor kunye nenkosi kukuba owokuqala ungumnikazi we-diploma yemfundo ephakamileyo yezinga eliphambili. Inkosi ingumfundi we-bachelor owayefunde enye iminyaka emibini eyunivesithi. Kucacile ukuba, "phezulu" kuloluhlu, inkosi okanye i-bachelor iye yachitha iminyaka emibini ukuba yongeze kwaye yomeze ulwazi lwabo lolwazi ngokuhambelana neemfuno zabo, izicwangciso zekamva?
Enyanisweni, ukuphunyezwa kwenguqu kwi-yunivesithi ethile kunye neyodwa ekhethekileyo yinkqubo nganye. Ookuqala ukuwunqoba le ndlela yophicotho lwezoqoqosho, izazinzululwazi kunye nososayensi bezopolitiko. Kwi "imoto yokugqibela" ngoku iinjongo zezokwelapha, kunye neenyuvesi ezizodwa kule ndawo: kusekho inkqubo yemfundo yemveli. Ukuba ufuna ukungena kumantshi esikhathini esizayo, kuyafaneleka ukuya kwiikhosi ezizodwa okanye esikolweni esikolweni ngaphandle kokuba utshintshe utshintsho lomsebenzi. Ngoko unokuyiqonda imigaqo yenkqubo yemboleko, iikhredithi - isiseko senkqubo ye-Bologna.
Inzuzo ye Master
Ngoko, sifumana isiqinisekiso "sesibhala", ngoko-"master". Okanye "ingcali", kwaye ke "inkosi". Umbuzo onengqiqo uvela: zeziphi iingenelo zesifundo semfundo? Ngokucacileyo, xa usebenzisa umsebenzi okanye kwiphando lophando, abaqeshi kwiimeko ezininzi bathanda abaphathi. Ukongezelela, inkqubo yenkosi yinqanaba lokuqala loqeqesho lwezemfundo kwikamva. Abafundi abanjalo banikezwa ilungelo lokuthatha inxaxheba kwiphando yesayensi, ukupapasha amanqaku ezenzululwazi, kunye nokuthatha inxaxheba kwiinkomfa eziphathekayo. Abanye ngale ndlela bazinikela kwiimarike zentengiso yabasebenzi. Kuvakalelwa ngokukhethekileyo ukuba ithetha "isiqhelo" okanye "inkosi" xa uqeshiwe kwizakhiwo zoshishino okanye kwinkonzo karhulumente. Abaqeshi bayazi kakuhle ukuba oomatshini bazalise inani le-internship, bathatha inxaxheba ekusebenzeni
Ukuba uqonda umahluko phakathi kwe-bachelor degree kunye ne-degree degree kwaye unqume ukuphakamisa izinga lakho lemfundo, ngoko kufuneka ukwazi ukuba nge-diploma yezemfundo ephakamileyo, unokuba ngumfundi ophumelele kwisibini- mali kunye nesivumelwano.
Imithetho yobhaliso kwiiyunivesithi ezahlukeneyo. Kwiindawo ezininzi eziyimfuneko kuyaphumelela iimviwo zokungena. Kukho nethuba lokuba ngumfundi we-magistri ngemiphumo yodliwano-ndlebe okanye emva kokuba ikhomishana iqaphele i-portfolio yakho (ngokukhuphisana).