Ukufumana umhlaza, uvavanyo lwegazi oluxhamlayo lunikezelwa kubaqhubi. Omnye wabo ngu-anti-embryonic antigen, edla ngokusetyenziswa ekuxilongeni kwezicubu ze-rectum kunye namathumbu amakhulu, ngakumbi i-colorectal carcinoma. Kwiimeko ezinqabileyo, umenzi wesifo somhlaza usetyenziswa ukuqhuba uvavanyo lophuhliso lomhlaza wesibindi, isifuba, imiphunga nesisu.
Yintoni i-anti-embryonic antigen okanye i-CEA?
Ukwakhiwa kweekhemikhali zenkomidi ekuthethwa ngayo kubandakanya iiprotheni kunye ne-carbohydrates, ngoko ibhekisela kuma-glycoprotein.
I-REA iveliswa ngokunyanisekileyo ngamalungu enkqubo yokugaya ukutya ngexesha lokuphuhliswa kwe-intrauterine, yenzelwe ukuvuselela ukuphindaphinda kweseli kunye nokukhuthaza ukukhula komntwana. Ngabantu abadala, i-antigen kwixabiso elincinci linokuveliswa ngumzimba onempilo, kodwa ukwanda okwenziwe kwinkxalabo, njengommiselo, kubonisa iinkqubo zesisu kwi-colon okanye kwi-rectum. Ngamanye amaxesha i-CEA ikhuphuka ngenxa yokuqhubela phambili kwezifo ezizimelayo nezivuzayo zamalungu angaphakathi.
Kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele ukuba i-anti-embryonic antigen isabhekiswa njenge-CEA. Olu nciphiso luvela kwigama le-glycoprotein ngesiNgesi - iCarcino Embryonic Antigen.
Umdla we-anti-embryonic antigen
Iingqinisiso okanye izithethe eziqhelekileyo zokubeka i-CEA zixhomekeke kancinci ekukholeni kwemikhwa emibi.
Ngaloo ndlela, kubasetyhini abashunayo, isiqhelo somhlaza wesifo somhlaza we-anti-embrionic sisuka kwi-5 ukuya kwi-10 ng / ml yegazi.
Ngokusetyenziswa kakubi kotywala, esi sibonakaliso sikhulu kakhulu - 7-10 ng / ml.
Ukuba ibhinqa ayinayo imikhwa emibi, isixa esiqhelekileyo se-CEA (CEA) sinokuqala ukusuka kwi-0 ukuya ku-5 ng / ml.
Kutheni i-antigen engumhlaza engumhlaza ingaphakanyiswa?
Ukwanda okwenziwe kwinkxalabo ye-glycoprotein egazini ibonwa kwiimvumba ezimbi ezinjalo:
- emathunjini amnyama;
- i rectum ;
- imiphunga;
- esiswini;
- i pancreas;
- isifo somzimba.
Ukugqithisa isiqhelo se-CEA kumaxesha amaninzi kwenzeka ngokuphindaphinda kwangoko kunyango lwe-oncological, kunye ne-metastases ezininzi kwiethambo zesifuba, isibindi.
Ukongezelela, ukwanda kwenani le-CEA lingafumaneka ngezifo ezingekho izifo:
- isilitis;
- i-hepatitis engapheliyo;
- ii-polyps kwi-rectum okanye emathunjini amakhulu;
- i-cirrhosis yesibindi;
- isifo sofuba;
- cystic fibrosis;
- pancreatitis;
- bronchitis;
- ukuhluleka kwezintso;
- emphysema yemiphunga;
- zizodwa zonyango;
- Sesifo sikaCrohn ;
- pneumonia.