Ukusebenza kwenkqubo yokucoca kwamanzi kuxhomekeke kwisithuba esilungileyo sogesi. Ukuba ukuphuma kwayo kuphazamisekile, ukuqhuma kwe-stagnation kwenzeka, ngenxa yeso siphelo se-pelvis kunye ne-calyx. Oku kubangela ukuba i-atrophy kunye negazi liqhubeke.
I-Hydronephrosis yeentso - yintoni na?
Xa umchamo ubambezeleka kwinkqubo ye-excretory, umthamo wayo ukhula rhoqo. Isixa esikhulu sokusasazwa kwamanzi kunye neengxaki zezilwanyana ezihambayo, ukuchaza okokuba i-hydronephrosis:
- uxinzelelo olungakumbi kwi-ureter;
- ukungonakaliswa kokuhlanjululwa kwe-glomerular;
- ukuphazanyiswa kwezinto ezithandwayo, ukubethelwa kwezinto kunye nokuziphatha kwangoku;
- ukunciphisa ukuphelelwa kwamathambo;
- i-atrophy ye-tisiti ye-interstitial, i-parenchyma;
- ukufa kweephron.
Yintoni eyingozi i-hydronephrosis?
Ukugula okuqhubekayo kubangela ukuba utyeshe ngokukhawuleza kwiinqununu zesakhiwo. Okokuqala, isifo se-hydronephrosis sihamba kunye nokuphulwa kancinci kwemisebenzi yelungu kwaye ayinakuchaphazela ngokucacileyo yonke imeko ye-urinary system. Kamva, kukho ukuhluleka okuyingcipheko, okuya kwenzeka ngokuphindaphindiweyo. Ukuba akukho nonyango olululo, i-kidney hyronephrosis ye-kidney efanelekileyo iya kudlula kwisigaba esinzima kunye nokuphazanyiswa okanye ukukhubaza komsebenzi wequmrhu. Oku kubangele ukungapheli ngokupheleleyo kunye nokutyhefuza kunye nemveliso ebalulekileyo yomsebenzi.
I-Hydronephrosis yeentso - izizathu
I-urologists yabiza ifunyenwe kunye nemibandela yokuzalwa yentsholongwane ebangela ukuphuhliswa kwesifo esichazwe. Hydronephrosis - izizathu zeqela lokuqala:
- ukuxhuma okukhawuleza, ukunyanzela kwi-ureters;
- Ukwehliswa kwee-tubulus emva kwesikhokelo kunye nokusetyenzwa kwamathambo;
- ukugqithwa kwesitya;
- ukulimala kwentambo yomgudu;
- umhlaza wesinene, iintso okanye i-bladder;
- Ubukho bamatye, isanti;
- endometriosis ;
- i-cyst ovarian;
- izifo ezivuthayo zenkqubo ye-genitourinary;
- isifo sofuba;
- kunye nezinye.
I-congenital hydronephrosis
Ngamanye amaxesha ukuphuma komchamo kuphazamiseka kwimvelaphi yeempazamo ezahlukeneyo kwisakhiwo sephepha lokuphuma. I-Hydronephrosis ngakwesokunene nangasekhohlo ifunyaniswa nalezi zilandelayo:
- ukuphazamiseka kwezibilini zamanzi;
- izakhiwo ezongezelelweyo, i-septa kunye neepavini kwi-urinary tract;
- i-diverticula;
- ukuvinjelwa kwe-anatomical ekhoyo kwi-bladder, urethra, udonga kunye ne-lumenal lumen, i-pelvis;
- i-dyskinesia kunye ne-distension;
- ureterocele.
I-Hydronephrosis yeentso ezilungileyo ihlala ivela kwisakhiwo esingalunganga se-systemic artery okanye amagatsha awo amakhulu. Umkhumbi wegazi ongekho ngokwemvelo unemilo yendandatho exutywe ngumlenze. Le "bhinqa" ivimbela okwangoku ngoku kunye nokususwa kobutyebi obungaphezulu, kubangela ukwandiswa kweekomityi kunye nelohanok ekhohlo okanye kwiintso ezilungileyo.
Hydronephrosis ekukhulelweni
Ingxaki esicatshangelwayo ithathwa njengento eqhelekileyo ngexesha lokukhulelwa, ngakumbi kwi-2 trimester. I-Hydronephrosis yeentso ngexesha lokukhulelwa likhula ngenxa yenyuka enkulu kubukhulu besisu. Iindonga zayo ziqala ukugqithisa kwi-peritoneal space kwaye cinezela kwi-ureter. Ukwandisa ngakumbi i-uterus, uketshezi oluthe xaxa lugcinwa kwiintso.
Amagatya e-hydronephrosis
Ngokuxhomekeka kububungqina bentsholongwane kunye nobukhulu beempawu zalo, izigaba ezintathu zesifundo sesi sifo ziyahluka:
- I-Hydronephrosis 1 degree (ihlawulwe) ibonakaliswe ngokugcina ngokupheleleyo imisebenzi yeentso ezilungileyo. Kwi-pelvis umlinganiselo omncinci we-urine uqokelela, ngoko iindonga kunye ne-calyx yelungu ayilula.
- I-Hydronephrosis ye-2 degree (ihlawulwe ngokukhawuleza) ihambelana nokuguqulwa kwezicubu zezintso eziwonakele kunye nokuncipha kwimisebenzi yayo ngo-40-45%. Ukuze i-system ye-excretory isebenze ngokuqhelekileyo, umsebenzi weziko elidibeneyo elinempilo landa.
- I-Hydronephrosis yee-3 degrees (i-terminal) yintsholongwane yeentso ezilungileyo. Ngenxa yobunzima bomthwalo, umzimba onempilo awukwazi ukuhlangabezana nokugqithiswa kwemvino engaphezulu, kunye nokungafihli kolukhulu. Xa kungabikho unyango, umphumo obulalayo unokwenzeka.
I-Hydronephrosis yeentso - iimpawu
I-pathology echazwe yinto enqabile kakhulu ihamba kunye nempawu ezinokliniki. Ubunzima kunye nobume beempawu zixhomekeke kwisigaba se-hydronephrosis, izizathu kunye nobude benkqubela phambili, ukuhlaselwa kwendawo yokucima umzila. Ngexesha elidlulileyo, akunakwenzeka ukufumana eso sifo, akukho zibonakaliso zokuphazanyiswa kwenkqubo ye-excretory kunye neentso ezilungileyo.
I-Hydronephrosis - iimpawu zesifo esibi kakhulu:
- ukuphazamiseka kwimbuyiselo engaphantsi;
- ukukhathala okungapheliyo;
- ngxinzelelo lwegazi;
- ukunciphisa amandla okusebenza;
- isicefe
- colic renal;
- umkhuhlane;
- ukuhlanza;
- ukuphosa;
- ukuvuthwa okungaqhelekanga nokuncinci kuninzi;
- intlungu emhlane nasemzantsi;
- ukuvuvukala;
- i-anemia.
Hydronephrosis - Ukuxilongwa
Ukukrokrela ukugula okucatshulwayo i-urologist ingakwazi ukuvavanywa ngokomzimba, ngexesha lokutshatyalaliswa, ukuxubusha, ukuxubusha. Ukuqinisekisa i-hydronephrosis yeentso ezilungileyo okanye ezisekhohlo, kufuneka iimvavanyo zelabhoratri zininzi:
- igazi (i-biochemistry, i-electrolytes);
- umchamo (ngokubanzi, evelayo, i-bakpos);
- Iisampuli ezisuka kuNechiporenko, eRebberga, i-Zimnitskiy, i-Addis-Kakovsky.
Ekugqibeleni, ukuseka ukuxilongwa kwe "hydronephrosis yeentso ezilungileyo" uphando lweengoma lunceda:
- ukucatshulwa kwemifanekiso yamagnetic okanye i-tomography;
- ukubuyisela kwakhona i-ureteropyelography;
- utywala o
- uvavanyo lwe-ultrasound;
- dopplerography;
- i-echography endolum;
- chromocystoscopy;
- Renoangiography;
- iproductiongrace yegrace;
- i-radioisotope nephroscintigraphy enamandla kunye nabanye.
Unyango lwe-kidney hydronephrosis
Ulwaphulo lwe-pathology olunikeziweyo luphuhliswa ngamnye kwisigulane ngasinye. Iindlela zokuphatha i-hydronephrosis zikhethwe yi-urologist ngokuhambelana nemeko yeso sifo, ubunzima beempawu, imbangela yokuqokelela umchamo. Imisebenzi ephambili yeendlela zokwelapha:
- ukupheliswa kobutyebi obugqithiseleyo kwi-urinary system;
- ukuthintela ukuswebelwa kweentso ezifanelekileyo kunye ne-atrophy yamathambo alo;
- ngokuqhelekileyo ukuphuma komchamo;
- ukupheliswa kwezinto ezinokubangela ukuphazamiseka kwemisebenzi yenzalo.
Hydronephrosis - unyango ngaphandle kokuhlinzwa
Ulwaphulo lwe-Conservative lwenziwa kuphela kwizigaba zokuqala zesifo, xa umsebenzi we-urinary system uhlawulelwa. Izifo zengqondo "hydronephrosis" ziquka ukusetyenziswa kwamachiza amachiza amaqela amaninzi:
- ukulwa nokutsha-ketoprofen, Ibuprofen, iTenoxicam;
- i-anesthetics - Ketorolac, Naproxen, Indomethacin ;
- ii-antibiotic - I- Sumamed , i-Flemoxin Solutab, i-Clindamycin;
- hypotensive - i-Metoprolol, i-Physiotens, i-Albarel nabanye.
Ukusetyenziswa kwamagosa e-pharmacological akuyona indlela esebenzayo yokuphatha iinjongo ezifanelekileyo. Iimithi zidlalwa ngokukhawuleza emva kokuhlinzwa ukuba zizinzise imeko, zithuthukise impilo yegulane kwaye zikhusele ukusuleleka kwindlela yokucoca. Ngaphandle kwenkqubo yokuhlinzwa, ukukhubazeka kuya kuqhubeka.
Hydronephrosis - ukusebenza
Ukukhethwa kwindlela yokwelapha ngokugqithisileyo kwenziwa kuphela emva kokuxilongwa ngokucophelela. Okokuqala, kubalulekile ukufumanisa ukuba kungani i-hydronephrosis yenzeka-unyango luphuhliswa ngokuxhomekeka kwimeko evukelayo. Ngaphambi kwamatye okanye isanti kwiintso ezilungileyo, ukuchithwa kwabo kude (lithotripsy) kunconywa. Ukuqhutyelwa kwenziwa ngokusetyenziswa kweempembelelo ze-ultrasonic kunye ne-radio.
Ukuba i-hydronephrosis yesinene (sasekhohlo) ibangelwa yi-tumor, isigqibo senziwa kwi-resection ye-tumor. Ukongezelela, ukusetyenziswa kwemitha kunye nokunyanga kwamachiza kunokwenziwa. Ngokuqhelekileyo, akunakwenzeka ukususa kuphela i-tumor kunye ne-metastases, ngoko ugqirha ugunyaza ukuchithwa okukodwa okanye okugqibeleleyo kwilungu apho ukukhula kufunyanwa khona, kunye ne-drainage ye-kidney.
Xa kunobungozi bokuzalwa komntwana ekuphuhlisweni kwenkqubo ye-urinary, iplastiki iyenziwa. Imisebenzi enjalo ihlose ukubuyisela okwangoku okwenzekayo kumanzi. Kwiimeko ezinzima, xa i-hydronephrosis ibangela ukugqitywa kweentso ezifanelekileyo, kukho ingozi yeengxaki ezinxilisayo kunye nemveliso ye-urine disintegration, ilungu kufuneka lisuswe (nephrectomy).