Amachiza aneendawo ezininzi, kwaye ngamnye uphando unomsebenzi wakhe-ingqwalasela yomsebenzi. Ngezinye iimeko ezahlukeneyo ngezinye iinkalo kunzima ukuyiqonda, kwaye malunga nento eyenziwa yi-neonatologist, ngubani na, yiyiphi intlekele eyenziwa ngayo, kungekhona wonke umntu owaziyo.
Ngubani lo kunye nento eyenziwa yi-neonatologist?
Eli candelo lonyango, njenge-neontology, uhlola iziganeko zobomi kunye neemeko zezilwanyana ezisanda kuzalwa. Ngokuvisisana nalokhu, ngubani onguhlengikazi we-neonatologist, kulula ukuqiqa: lo ugqirha usebenza kwiimviwo kunye nonyango lwezigulane eziselula kunazo zonke, ukususela kwimimiselo yokuqala yokuzalwa kwabo. Olu khetho luvele ngathi lusetshanje, xa i-neontology yaqala ukuhlukana nezigulana kunye neyeza.
I-Neonatologist kunye nezingane zakudala - umehluko
Enyanisweni, i-neonatologist yezilwanyana, kunye nomntwana wezilwanyana, ngumntwana wezilwanyana, kodwa ingcali yakhe ichanekile. Kule meko, kufuneka ucacise ukuba zingaphi iinyanga i-neonatologist ithatha abantwana. Ixesha lesisandul 'ukuzalwa lixesha lentsana ukususela kwiintsuku ezingamashumi amabini anesibhozo epheleleyo, ngexesha lokubeka iliso kwimpilo yengane liphathwe kule ngcali. Udokotela wezingane uqala nokugcina abantwana ukusuka kwinyanga eneminyaka.
Yintoni eyenza i-neonatologist?
Nabani na i-neonatologist kunye noko akuphilisayo, elowo umfazi ophethe umntwana kufuneka azi. Lo ugqirha udlala indima ekhethekileyo ebomini kwendoda encinane eyabonakala nje. Ngeli xesha, xa imeko yokuphila yomntwana ishintsha kakhulu, umzimba wakhe udinga ngokukhawuleza ukulungelelanisa kwindawo entsha, utshintsho kwindlela yokuphefumula, indlela yokutya, njalo njalo.
Ngenyanga yokuqala yokuqala yobomi, zonke iziko kunye neenkqubo zengane zakhiwa kwakhona, kwaye ngelo xesha iimeko ezingafaniyo zengqondo zingabonakaliswa, kubandakanye nezinto ezingasongela ubomi bakhe obuqhelekileyo kwixesha elizayo. Ngenxa yoko, umntu unokubona indlela enoxanduva kunye nobuqili umsebenzi we-neonatologist. Le ngcali kufuneka ikwazi ukuphonononga ngokufanelekileyo imeko yezempilo yomntwana, yenze iimeko ezifanelekileyo zokuphuhliswa kwayo.
Xa sicinga ukuba i-neonatologist iyayiphatha, simele siqaphele ukuba ngokufanayo kufuneka adibanise kwimisebenzi yakhe ekhethekileyo - udokotela ohlinzayo, i-neurologist, i-cardiologist, i-pulmonologist, i-gastroenterologist njalonjalo. Kule nkalo, uluhlu lwezifo, olufumanisa kwaye luphatha lo gqirha, luhluke. Phakathi kwabo, umntu makangayibonakalisi loo migaqo ephantsi komda wesiqhelo kunye nokukhubazeka, efuna ukuba uqwalaselwe ngokukhawuleza ukulungiswa ngexesha elifanelekileyo:
- i-jaundice yomzimba ;
- ntlekele;
- albuminuria;
- i-hypoglycemia yangasemva;
- polycythemia yenguqu;
- urine acid i-diathesis nabanye.
Sichaza izifo eziphambili kunye neengxaki eziza kubhekana neengcali:
- thrush;
- iziphazamiso zesitopu;
- i-blenorrhea;
- intertrigo ;
- phenylketonuria;
- hernia;
- isifo se-hemolytic;
- isifo esiyingozi;
- endocrinopathy;
- ziphosakeleyo zentliziyo ;
- pilorospasm;
- ukuxhatshazwa kokuzalwa kunye nabanye abaninzi.
Uphi na i-neonatologist?
Ngokuthi ngubani - i-neonatologist, abaninzi abafazi bafumene kwisibhedlele sokubeleka ngexesha lokubeletha okanye emva kokuziswa. Ukongezelela, akukho kuphela i-neonatologist yexesha elizeleyo esibhedlele, ezi ngcali zisebenza kumasebe esibhedlele sabantwana kwizibhedlele, kwiikliniki zangasese, kwaye kaninzi zifumana ukwamkelwa kwiiklinikhi zezingane. Kwezinye iimeko, xa umntwana eneengxaki zempilo, i-neonatologist ingaqhubeka ijonge kuye ukuya kwiinyanga ezintandathu kwaye ibe yonyaka.
Imbopheleleko ye-neonatologist
Umsebenzi we-neonatologist ngumsebenzi oyintloko wokuhlolisisa, unyango kunye nabantwana abangabantwana abanokwenza imiphumo, ukuzalwa ngaphambi kokuzalwa, emva kokunikezelwa okunzima. I-neonatologist-resuscitator kwiinkcukacha zineenkcukacha zonke eziyimfuneko ukwenzela ukubonelela ngoncedo olulungelelanisiweyo, oluphuthumayo noluncedo lokuvuselela.
Ukongezelela kwiinkcazo zokunyanga kwezifo ezithile zentsana, kwiimeko zepolyclinic kwi-receptionist ye-neonatologist, ongayifumanga, unokufumana iingcebiso malunga:
- imithetho ephambili yokunyamekela umntwana;
- urhulumente wengane yomntwana, isondlo sakhe;
- ukwakheka kwe-lactation;
- iishedyuli zokugonywa njalo njalo.
Ukuhlolwa kwi-neonatologist
Kwiimviwo zokuqala emva kokuzalwa, uviwo lwe-neonatologist luhlolisisa izinga lempilo yengane kwinqanaba le-Apgar ukwenzela ukuba unqume ukuba ufuna kangakanani ukunakekelwa kunye nokunyamekela. Iintetho ezihlanu zifunyenwe oku: ukuphefumla, i-tone, i-muscle, i-reflexes, isigqi senhliziyo, imeko yesikhumba. Ezi pharameters zenziwa kabini - emva kokuzalwa emva kwemizuzu emihlanu. Kwiintsana zokuqala, isalathisi isetyenzisiweyo, esenza imisebenzi yokuphefumula. Ukongezelela, umntwana ulinganiselwa, ukukhula kukulinganiswa.
Yintoni eyenza i-neonatologist?
Ugqirha ngokwakhe okanye umongikazi kwiiyure ezingama-24 zokuqala emva kokuzalwa wenza isampuli yegazi kwiintsana ezisuka esithendeni ukuze kuhlalutyo olongezelelweyo kwiqela legazi, i-Rh factor, izifo ezahlukeneyo. Kwiintsuku ezimbalwa kamva, ukuhlolwa kwegazi kuqhutyelwa izifo zofuzo kunye nokuqulunqa imilinganiselo jikelele yeklinikhi. Ugqirha osandul 'ukuzalwa uhlalutya impilo yengane ngokujonga iingcamango eziphambili kunye nokuhlola izilo ezinjalo kunye namalungu omzimba:
- isisu - uvakalelwa ukujonga isikhundla kunye nobukhulu besite, isibindi;
- intamo, i-collarbone, i-sternum, i-joints ye-hip - ukukhuphela ukulimala kokuzalwa;
- imisipha - ixabiso labo lihlolwe;
- intloko - inqunywe ukuba kukho i-edema, izicubu, ubukhulu befontiel isetyenziswe;
- ukukhanya, intliziyo-bugged nge-phonendoscope;
- izitho zangasese - uviwo, i-palpation ukubona iimeko ezingalunganga.
Icebiso le-Neonatologist
Iingcebiso ezimbalwa, ezinikezelwa yi-neonatologist, ziya kunceda abazali abasanda kuveliswa ukuba baphumelele ukuhlangabezana nemisebenzi yabo, kwaye umntwana kulula ukulungelelanisa indawo entsha:
- Uninzi olusandul 'ukuzalwa emva kweentsuku zokuzalwa emva kokulala ngokuzenzekelayo, oluyimpendulo eqhelekileyo, kodwa asimele sikhohlwe ukuba sizinikele rhoqo ngesifuba.
- Igumbi apho umntwana elitholakala khona kufuneka libe nomoya ophuculisayo, kwaye i-diapers, iimpahla, iibhedi akufanele ziphazamise ukuphefumla kweemvuthu.
- Ngenxa yokuba ukuphulukiswa komntwana kungaphuhliswa kakuhle, akukwazi ukukhupha kwaye uzive kubanda njengabantu abadala, kubalulekile ukugqoka nokuwugubungela ngokuhambelana nokushisa kwegumbi.
- Iindwendwe zeendwendwe kufuneka zihlehliselwe iintsuku eziliqela okanye iiveki, xa i-crumb iyomisa ulawulo oluthile.
- I-Kid ibuhlungu kakhulu kwiimeko zengqondo zomama, kwaye kuye kubalulekile ukuziva ukuzola okuvela kuye, ukuzithemba kwizenzo zakhe.