Izifo ezininzi, izifo ezithathelwana ngocansi, ixesha elide azibaniki iimpawu. Phakathi kwalawo kunye ne-syphilis efihlakeleyo isifo se-venereal, izigulane zifunda malunga nokuhlolwa kweengozi. Nangona kunjalo, kunokwenzeka ukuxilonga isifo ngemiqondiso ethile.
I-Syphilis yi-agent agent
I-agent causative yesi sifo i-treponema eluhlaza. I-microorganism ibhekisela kwii-spirochetes, ibonakala njengebhaktikhi enemilo phantsi kwe-microscope. Ngokomyinge, kukho i-8-14 ejikelezayo kwisakhiwo, kwaye ubude obupheleleyo abudluli kwi-14 μm. Ngenxa yokuhamba kwexesha elinjalo njengesifo se-syphilis, i-arhente yokukhusela isifo esingaqeshwanga ixesha elide, ukwenza ama-cysts, iifom ze-L.
Ukuguqulwa okunjalo kwe-treponema bayakwazi ukuhlala ixesha elide kwiimithi zengingqi, i-cerebrospinal fluid yomntu ogulayo. Ngokweemeko ezifanelekileyo kwi-pathogen (i-immunity eyanciphekileyo, izifo ezingapheliyo), ukusetyenziswa kwe-treponem kwenzeka kwaye isigaba esisebenzayo se- syphilis siphula ngesimo somfanekiso wesithomo kunye ne-symptomatology.
Iindlela zokudlulisa i-Syphilis
Ukukhusela intsholongwane, ngamnye umntu kufuneka acinge ukuba i-treponema ephaphakileyo idluliselwa njani. Indlela ephambili isondo, ngokuziphatha okubi ngokwesondo. Nangona kunjalo, akunakwenzeka ukuba ungabandakanyi ngokupheleleyo ukuba unokudlula i-pathogen ngeendlela zasendlwini, xa usebenzisa i-hygienic devices kuphela okanye nge-cutlery. Ukungena kwe-pathogen kwenzeka ngeembrane ezinobumba, kwindawo apho kukho ii-microcurrents, ukutyunjwa. Phakathi kweendlela ezingaqhelekanga zentsholongwane, ii-venereologists zibizwa ngokuba:
- ukumpontshelwa (ukudluliselwa kwegazi eligulayo kunye nezixhobo kwisigulane);
- okhulayo (ngexesha lokukhulelwa nokubeletha, ukusuka kumama ukuya kumntwana).
Yiyiphi i-syphilis esemva?
Ukuva eli gama, izigulane zihlala zizinqwenela oogqirha, nokuba kukho i-syphilis efihlakeleyo kunye naluphi uhlobo lwesifo. Incazelo ethi "i-latent syphilis" isetyenziselwa ukukhetha uhlobo lwesifo apho izibonakaliso zeklinikhi, iimpawu kunye nezibonakaliso zesifo azikho, kodwa iziphumo zophando lwebhubhoratri zibonisa ukuba kukho i-agent emzimbeni. Ngokuqhelekileyo utshintsho kwigazi lubonakala emva kweenyanga ezimbini emva kokusuleleka. Ngokukhawuleza ukusukela ngeli xesha liqala ukubalwa kwexesha lokugqibela kwe-syphilis.
Kwiimeko ezininzi, ukufunyanwa kwe-pathology kwenzeka ngokungazenzisiyo, xa kudlula iimvavanyo, eziyimfuneko yokubhalwa kwemviwo (igazi kwi-RW). Abasetyhini banokukrokrelwa kwesi sifo ngo-gynecologist ngexesha lokuhlola okulandelayo. Nangona kunjalo, ekusebenzeni, i-latent form of syphilis ifunyenwe ekuxilongweni kweenguqu kwizitho zangaphakathi (intliziyo, isibindi, i-thyroid, i-musculoskeletal system).
Ngaba i-latent syphilis ixhaphaze?
Abaninzi bayaphakamisa ukuba ukungabikho kwezibonakaliso zezifo kuyona mqathango oyintloko wempilo. Ngenxa yeso sizathu, umbuzo oqhelekileyo uvela: ngaba isifo se-syphilis esifikiweyo sithunyelwa? I-Venereologists ithi ukusuleleka kulolu hlobo lwe-syphilis lunokwenzeka. Nangona kunjalo, ukuhanjiswa kwe-pathogen kwenzeka kuphela ngeendlela ezimbini:
- egazini;
- ulwabelana ngesondo.
Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba umngcipheko wokusuleleka usulele kakhulu kwiminyaka emibili yokuqala ukususela kwithuba lophuhliso lwesifo. Xa uhlolisisa ngelo xesha, iqabane lezesondo zesifo, oogqirha bakucetyisa ukuba ubaleke ukulala ngesondo kwaye uphinde ufumane uviwo olubanzi. Ukuxilongwa kwangaphambili kunye nokuqaliswa kwonyango ngexesha elifanelekileyo kubangela umphumo ophumelelayo.
I-syphilis yangaphambili
Igama elithi "u-syphilis wangaphambili" libhekisela kwithuba lesifo, ehambelana nexesha ukusuka kwintsholongwane yintsholongwane kwi-syphilis yesibili. Oogqirha bakhuluma nge-syphilis yakudala, xa kudlulileyo iminyaka emibini ukususela emva kokusuleleka. Izigulane kweli nqanaba azikho izibonakaliso zesi sifo, kodwa zimelela ingozi enokusingqongileyo kwimeko yesifo.
Ngaliphi na ixesha, uhlobo lokuqala lwe-syphilis luya kungena kwisigaba esisebenzayo, esibonakala njenge-skin rashes kunye neempawu eziqhelekileyo zokuxhatshazwa. Kwimiba ye-rash iqulethe inani elikhulu le-treponem eluhlaza, ukukhethwa kwinto enokubangela ukusuleleka kwabo baqhagamshelana nabantu abanesifo. Kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele ukuba i-latent syphilis yangaphambili ixhaphakile kwizigulane ezingaphantsi kweminyaka engama-40 ubudala, ezikhokelela ngobomi bokuziphatha ngokwesini.
I-latate syent
I-syphilis esemva kwifom evulekileyo ibhalwa emva kweenyanga ezingama-24 nangaphezulu emva kokusuleleka. Xa isifo sidlulela kwisigaba esisebenzayo, iimpawu kunye neklinikhi ye-syphilis ephakamileyo. Ngale fom, izitho zangaphakathi kunye nenkqubo ye-nervous (neurosyphilis) ihlala ihlupheka. Kwiingqinamba zesikhumba, kunokubakho i-syphilis ephezulu embi, i-tubercles, iigums. Ukuba ukunyaniseka kwabo kuphazamiseke, kunokwenzeka ukuba zihlukanise iiperponem ezinamabala, ukusuleleka kwabanye abathintana nesigulane.
Ukuhlanjululwa kwe-syphilis yokuzalwa
I-syphilis yama-congenital kubantwana ayifumaneki. Usulelo luvela kumama ogulayo. Kule meko, lo mfazi ngokwakhe unokugula ngaphambi kokukhulelwa okanye ngexesha lokuzala umntwana. Ku-fetus, i-pathogen ingena kwi-veillical vein okanye ngokusebenzisa i-lymphatic fissures. Utshintsho lwezilwanyana kwizitho kunye nezicubu zentsana ezayo ziyakubhaliswa kwiinyanga ezi-5-6 zesigxina, ngexesha le-ultrasound.
Nangona kunjalo, ngokuphindaphindiweyo ifomu elifihliweyo liyaziwayo kwasebuncinaneni. Ngaphambi koku, ukufunyanwa kwemfuyo kunokwenzeka ngokusebenzisa izifundo ze-serological, ukuhlalutya kwezinto eziphilayo (i-cerebrospinal fluid). Ngokuqhelekileyo isibonakaliso soviwo olubanzi lomntwana kukufumanisa impendulo engcono ye- Wasserman kumama ngexesha lokugqibela emva kokubeleka okanye ngexesha lokukhulelwa.
I-syphilis engafihliweyo
Ukuxilongwa "kwe-syphilis engachazwanga" kwenziwa xa isiguli singenalo ulwazi ngexesha elifanelekileyo lokusuleleka. Oogqirha bakuthola kunzima ukufumanisa ubude besifo. Izigulane zinikwe isisombululo sezifundo ze-serological, apho iifomphological forms ze-treponema zenza iingcinga malunga nohlobo lwesifo. I-syphilis engachazwanga kwi-flow flow ikwazi ukunika iimpendulo ze-serological ezingezo ezikhethekileyo, ngoko ke ngaphambi kokuba uhlalutyo lokugqibela luphindaphindiwe.
I-syphilis efihliweyo - iimpawu
Iimpawu ze-syphilis yangasemva ixesha elide azizenzekanga. Kwiimbrane ze-mucous kunye nekhanda lezilonda, izilwanyana aziqapheli, nangona kunjalo, utshintsho lunokurekhodwa kwizitho zangaphakathi, inkqubo ye-nervous, i-musculoskeletal system. Phakathi kwemiqondiso engqalileyo yohlobo lokuqala lwamagqirha e-latent syphilis abiza:
- Ubuninzi kwi-anamnesis yeemfucuko, nto leyo ayengenako ukuyihlolisisa ngaphambili.
- Ukunyangwa kwama-STI, i- gonorrhea ngaphambili.
- Ubukho befomu esebenzayo ye-syphilis kumlingani wesini.
- Ukuphendula okuvuthayo kuhlalutyo lwe-cerebrospinal fluid.
Kwakwamukelwa kwakhona ukuba ahlule phakathi kweempawu ezingqalileyo ezibonisa ixesha lokugqibela:
- utshintsho olusenokuba luhlaza kwi-dorsal main fluid;
- nesiphumo esihle seempendulo ze-serological.
Ukongezelela, ezi zinto zilandelayo zibonisa ukuphilisa:
- Ukunyuka kwexesha elide kumbushushu womzimba ukuya kuma-degrees ama-38 e-genesis engaziwayo;
- ukwanda kwimizimba ye-lymph nodes (akukho buhlungu);
- ukulahleka kwesisindo;
- Ubuthakathaka obuninzi, uxinzelelo.
Ukuxilongwa kwe-syphilis yangasese
Indlela yokuchonga i-syphilis efihliweyo kwimeko ethile - oogqirha banqume ngokuxhomekeka kwimeko yokusola, iimpawu ezingekho ngqo. Ugqirha lokugqibela luyenziwe ngesiseko sovavanyo olubanzi lweziphumo zophando. Phakathi kwezi ndlela eziphambili zokuxilonga:
- Ukusabela okungekho ngqo kwe-hemagglutination response (RPHA) - amaseli egazi abomvu adibeneyo axutywe ne-serum yesigulane. Ukuba isiphumo siphumelele, iiseli zinamathele ndawonye.
- Uhlalutyo lwe-Immunoenzyme (i-ELISA) - i-enzyme ekhethekileyo yongezwa kwisampuli se-serum yesigulane, esitshintsha umbala ngesiphumo esihle.
- I-RIF (i-immunofluorescence response) - i-luminescence ephawulekayo ikhona kwisampuli yesiguli.
Indlela yokuphatha i-syphilis efihliweyo?
Ngonyango lwe-syphilis yangasese, injongo ephambili kukuphelisa imbangela yesifo. Ukususa iziphumo (ukukhubazeka kwethambo, isimiso seentliziyo, umonakalo wentliziyo) kuthatha ixesha elingaphezulu, kwaye ezinye zazo azikwazi ukulungiswa. Ukunyangwa kwe-latent syphilis ekupheleni kwexesha kusekelwe ekusetyenzisweni kwee-antibiotiki, ezikhethiweyo ziqwalasela i-stage of pathology. Ngasentla yitheyibhile ebonisa isicwangciso sokonyango se-syphilis esele ifikelelwe emva, kunye namagama amayeza kunye namayeza. Nangona kunjalo, kuyafaneleka ukuba kuqwalaselwe ukuba bonke abaqeshwayo baqhutyelwa kuphela ngugqirha.