Ukuphuka kwenzeka xa ubugqwetha bethambo buphulwe ngenxa yentleba. Zininzi iintlobo kunye neempawu zezahlulo zilula ukubonakala ngaphandle, uncedo lwengcali, nangona kunjalo, ezinye zazo zikhohlakele ngenxa yokuba ngokukhawuleza ixhoba lingaqondi ukuba liphukile kwaye lifuna uncedo lwezonyango ngokukhawuleza: uqhubeka ehola indlela endala yobomi enentlungu encinci kwaye ukuhamba okukhawulezileyo, ukukholelwa ukuba kwakukho ukutyumla okukhulu.
Makhe sibone ukuba iziphi iimpawu zokuphuka zizithetha ngazo ngokwazo ngomzuzu wokuqala emva kokulimala, kwaye zibonisa kuphela ukuba, mhlawumbi, ithambo lonakaliswe.
Iimpawu zonyango zefractures
Ngokuxhomekeka kuhlobo lokuphuka, iimpawu zalo zinokwahlukana zibe yizinto ezinokwethenjelwa - ezo zishiya ngokungathandabuzekiyo ukuba ithambo likhubazekile ukusuka kwimpembelelo, kunye nezihlobo - ezo zingabangela ukungathandabuzeki: ukuphuka okanye ukutyumza kwenzeka.
Izimpawu ezinokuthenjwa:
- Indawo engavumelekanga yengalo okanye umlenze (ukuba ngumqondiso wokuphulwa kwesilungu).
- Ukuhamba kwendima ephukileyo kwindawo apho kungekho mbambano.
- Ukuvakala kwenkqubela.
- Ngenqabana evulekile kwilonda, amaqhekeza amathambo ayabonakala.
- Ukunciphisa okanye ukwandisa indawo eyalimalayo.
Ukuba ubuncinci bezinye zezi mpawu ziqinisekisiwe, ngoko ungathetha nge-100% ukuba kungenzeka ukuba kukho ukuphuka. Nangona kunjalo, ubukho bale miqondiso ayithinteli uxanduva lokwenza uvavanyo lwe-X-ray.
Iimpawu zoqhawulo:
- Uvakalelo olubuhlungu kwindawo yokuqhawuka xa kungenakunyuswa okanye ngexesha lokuhamba. Kwakhona, ukuba wenza umthwalo we-axial, intlungu iya kwanda (umzekelo, ukuba uyagqithisa isithende nge-shin fracture).
- Ukuqhaqhayisa kweso siza sokuphuka kungenzeka ngokukhawuleza (ngaphakathi kwemizuzu engama-15 emva kokulimala) okanye ukuphucula iiyure eziliqela. Ngaloo nto, uphawu olunjalo lunendima engabalulekanga ekunqumeni ukuphuka, kuba luhamba nezinye iintlobo zomonakalo.
- Hematoma. Kusenokuba khona, kodwa kaninzi kusekhona kwisiza sokuphuka, kungekhona ngaso sonke isikhathi. Ukuba ihamba, ukuphuma kwegazi kuqhubeka.
- Ukunciphisa ukuhamba. Njengomthetho, inxalenye eyonakalisiweyo ayikwazi ukusebenza ngokupheleleyo okanye inxenye. Ukuba kwakungekho ukuphuka kwelungu, kodwa, umzekelo, we-coccyx, umntu uya kuziva kunzima ukuhamba, akukho kuphela umqobo kumsebenzi wendawo ewonakalisiweyo, kodwa nabo badibene nayo.
Ukuba khona kwezi mqondiso akakwazi ukuthetha nge-100% amathuba okuphuka, kodwa ezininzi zale nqanaba zihamba kunye naluphi na ukuphuka (intlungu, ukuvuvukala, ukukhawuleka kwintsebenzo).
Iimpawu zokuphulwa kwevali
Zonke iziqhekeza ziyahlulwa zibe ngamaqhekeza avulekileyo kwaye avaliweyo. Olu hlobo lufunyanwe lula kunokuba luqala ngaphandle kwe-X-ray kunye noncedo lwenzululwazi.
Ukuqhekeka okuvaliweyo akuhambelani nomonakalo olusisithambathiso: kulo mzekelo, amathambo kunye namalungu angatshintsha isikhundla (oko kuthiwa i-fracture with displacement) okanye nje ulahlekelwe ingqibelelo: ukwahlukana (okubizwa ngokuba yi-fracture), ngelixa egcina isikhundla esifanayo.
Impawu zokuqala zentsimbi zibuhlungu kwindawo yomonakalo kunye ne-edema. Iimfudu ziyancipha, kubangela intlungu, kunye nokunyakaza kwethambo akunakwenzeka kwindawo edibeneyo (kuxhomekeke kwisayithi yokulimala). Ngokuqhelekileyo kwakhiwa i-hematoma.
Ekugqibeleni, ukuqinisekisa ukuba kukho ukuphulwa okuvaliweyo kunokusebenzisa i-X-ray kuphela.
Izibonakaliso zentambo evulekileyo
Ukuqhekeka okuvulekileyo kukulimala kunokuba kuvaliwe. Kule meko, ukongeza umonakalo kwiethambo zethambo nazo zilahlekelwa ingqibelelo. Oku kunokubangelwa yimpembelelo yangaphandle (xa kwenzeka ingozi, okanye isitho singena ngendlela ehambayo kwimveliso) okanye ngenxa yokuba amathambo aphukile ngokwawo awonakalisa izicubu.
Ukuqhubela phambili kule nto, iimpawu eziphambili ze-fracture evulekileyo zilinxeba, ukuphuma, ukubonakala kwethambo ephukile okanye iziqhekeza zalo, intlungu kunye nokuvuvukala. Ukuba umonakalo wawunzima kakhulu, ixhoba linokutshatyalaliswa kakubi.