Kunyaka ophelileyo i-International Women's Day Day yaguquka ngqo iminyaka eyi-100 ubudala. KwiNgqungquthela yamazwe ngamazwe eSetyist Women, eyayibanjelwe eCopenhagen ngo-Agasti 1910, ngokucetyiswa nguClara Zetkin, kwagqitywa isigqibo sokuba unikwe usuku olukhethekileyo kunyaka ozinikele kumzabalazo wabasetyhini ngamalungelo abo. Ngomnyaka olandelayo, ngo-Matshi 19, imibukiso yobuninzi yenzeka eJamani, e-Austria, eDenmark naseSwitzerland, apho abantu abangaphezu kwesigidi bathabatha inxaxheba. Ngaloo ndlela yaqala imbali ka-Matshi 8, ekuqaleni "Usuku lwabesifazane baseMazwe ngamazwe emzabalazweni wokulingana kwezoqoqosho, ezentlalo kunye nezopolitiko."
Imbali yeholide 8 Matshi: inguqulo esemthethweni
Ngomnyaka we-1912, ukubonakaliswa kwamatyala ekukhuseleni amalungelo amakhosikazi kwabanjwe ngoMeyi 12, ngowama-1913 - ngeentsuku ezahlukeneyo zikaMatshi. Kwaye ukususela ngo-1914 umhla we-Matshi 8 wagqiba ukugqiba, mhlawumbi ngenxa yesizathu sokuba kwakuyiCawa. Ngaloo nyaka, usuku lomzabalazo wamalungelo amabhinqa waqala ukubhiyozelwa kwiRashiya yaseRashiya ngelo xesha. Ngokuqhambuka kweMfazwe Yehlabathi I, umzabalazo wokupheliswa kweentlanzi wongezwa kwiimfuno zokwandisa inkululeko yabasetyhini. Imbali yeholide ngo-Matshi 8 yagqitywa kamva kwiziganeko ze-08.03.1910, xa kuboniswa abasebenzi abesetyhini ekuthungeni nasezikhungweni zesikhangulo eNew York ngokokuqala ngqa, befuna umvuzo ophezulu, iimeko ezingcono zokusebenza kunye neeyure ezisebenzayo.
Emva kokufika kwamandla, amaBolshevik aseRussia awabona ngoMatshi 8 njengosuku olusemthethweni. Kwakungekho nkulumo yentwasahlobo, iintyatyambo kunye nobuntombi: ukugxininiswa kuphela kwimizabalazo yeklasi kunye nokubandakanyeka kwabasetyhini kwingcamango yokwakhiwa kwezentlalo. Ngaloo ndlela yaqala umjikelezo omtsha kwimbali yosuku luka-Matshi 8-ngoku ikhefu liye lasasazeka kwilizwe leenkampu zentlalo-ntsapho, kwaye e-Yurophu yaseYurophu sele ikhohliwe ngokukhuselekileyo. Ibalulekileyo ebalulekileyo kwimbali yeholide ngo-Matshi 8 ngowe-1965, xa kwakushunyayelwa ngemini e-USSR.
Iholide ka-8 Matshi namhlanje
Ngomnyaka we-1977, i-UN yamkele isisombululo esingu-32/422, esilungelelanisa imeko yosuku lwamazwe ngamazwe. Nangona kunjalo, kwiindawo ezininzi apho kugubhiyozelwa khona (iLosos, i-Nepal, i-Mongolia, i-North Korea, i-China, i-Uganda, i-Angola, iGuinea-Bissau, iBurkina Faso, iCongo, iBulgaria, iMakedoniya, iPoland, iItali) umzabalazo wamalungelo amabhinqa kunye noxolo lwamazwe ngamazwe, oko kukuthi, isiganeko sokubaluleka kwezopolitiko nezentlalo.
Emazweni kwenkampu yaseSoviet, nangona imbali yemvelaphi ngo-Matshi 8, akuzange kubekho ncokola kuyo nayiphi na "umzabalazo" ixesha elide. Siyavuyiswa, iintyatyambo kunye nezipho zithembeke kubo bonke abasetyhini - oomama, abafazi, odade, iintombi, abasebenza kunye nabo, abancinci kunye nabagogo bemhlalaphantsi. Wenqaba kuphela eTurkmenistan, eLatvia nase-Estonia. Kwamanye amazwe akukho liholide. Mhlawumbi, kuba kukho uzuko olukhulu lukaMama, oluya kumazwe amaninzi ukugubha ngeCawa yesibili ngoMeyi (eRashiya - ngeCawa yokugqibela ngoNovemba).
Zixhamla njani ngoFebhuwari 23 no-Matshi 8?
Inyaniso enomdla kakhulu kwimbali yesizwe yeeholide ngoMatshi 8. Inyaniso kukuba i-Revolution yeFebruwari eyaziwayo ye-1917, eyabekwa isiseko se-Oktobha Revolution, yaqala e-Petrograd kwintlanganiso yesininzi yabasetyhini abavakalisa imfazwe. Iziganeko zazikhula njengebhola leqhwa, kwaye kungekudala isiteleka esiphezulu, ukuhlaselwa okuxhobileyo kwaqala, uNicholas II waphikisana. Oku kwenzeka emva koko kwaziwa.
Ukukrakra kobuhle kukuba ngoFebhuwari 23, ngokutsho kwindlela yokudala - le entsha ngoMatshi 8. Ewe kunjalo, ngolunye usuku ngo-Matshi 8 wabeka ukuqala kwimbali yekamva le-USSR. Kodwa uMmeli woSuku lwe-Fatherland uxhomekeke kwizinye iziganeko: ngoFebhuwari 23, 1918, ukuqala kokwakhiwa kwe-Red Army.
Kususela kwimbali yombhiyozo ngoMatshi 8
Ngaba wayesazi ukuba usuku olukhethekileyo lwabesetyhini lwalukho kwiBukhosi baseRoma? AmaRoma azalwayo angamahhala (amathoni) agqoke kwiingubo ezingcono, ahlobise intloko kunye neengubo ngeentyatyambo kwaye a tyelela iintempile zithixokazi uVesta. Ngaloo mini, amadoda abo awanikeze ngezipho ezixabisekileyo kunye neendumiso. Kwaye namakhoboka athola imemori evela kubanikazi bawo kwaye akhululwa emsebenzini. Kunzima ukuyidla
AmaYuda anekhefu lawo - i-Purim, ekholenda yenyanga iwela minyaka yonke ngemihla eyahlukeneyo kaMatshi. Ngumhla womfazi oyindoda, umfazikazi okhaliphekileyo nohlakaniphile uEstere, owamsindisa ngobuqili amaYuda ekubhujisweni ngo-480 BC, okwenyaniso, kwiindleko zamawaka eziwaka zamaPersi. Abanye bazama ukudibanisa ngqo iPurim kunye nembali yemvelaphi yeeholide ngoMatshi 8. Kodwa, ngokuchasene nokucacisa, uClara Zetkin wayengengowamaYuda (nangona umJuda wayeyindoda yakhe u-Osip), kwaye akunakwenzeka ukuba wayecinga ukuxubusha umkhosi womzabalazo wabesifazane baseYurophu kwiholide yenkolo yamaYuda.