- Idilesi: 1,5 km ukusuka kolwandle olusenyakatho-ntshonalanga yoLwandle Olufile, uSirayeli;
- Iwebhusayithi: parks.org.il;
- Ifowuni: +972 2-994-2235;
- Iiyure zokusebenza: yonke imihla ukususela ngo-08: 00 ukuya ku-16: 00.
I-Qumran National Park (i- Israel ), esecaleni lasentla-ntshona-ntshona yoLwandle Olufile , iinqununu eziliqela ezedlulayo yayincinci. Okwangoku, abaninzi abatyeleli bazama ukutyelela, okwenzekayo kweli lizwe, njengemibono yembali yamandulo iboniswe apha.
I-Qumran - imbali kunye nenkcazo
IQumran National Park yaba udumo, ngenxa yemibutho eninzi yezinto zakudala ezifunyenweyo kwintsimi yayo. Kwiminyaka engama-50 e-XX leminyaka emaphandleni yamandulo emithambeka yaseWadi-Qumran yafunyanwa yimiqulu endala, kwaye oku akukwenziwe ngabadala bezinto zakudala, kodwa nguBedouin, owathi leyo miqulu yafunyanwa ngamapolisa.
Ilungelo lokungena emaphandleni lacelwa kuqala ngabadala bezinto zakudala, kodwa abazange bakwazi ukwenza ngenxa yokuba babengenayo imfuneko yobugcisa. Oku kuchazwa yinyaniso yokuba imiqulu ilele kwindawo ephakamileyo ye-150-200 m ngaphezu kweminyaka engama-2000, ngelixa ukuphakama kwakuyingozi kakhulu, kwaye i-Bedouins kuphela eyayazi iindlela ezikhuselekileyo phakathi kweentlambo ezinqabileyo zemilambo eyomileyo.
Ukungaphumeleli, izazinzulu zanikela ingqalelo kwiindawo ezichithekileyo phakathi kolwandle kunye namadwala. Uhambo lokuqala lwalukwazi ukusebenza ngaphandle kweenyanga ezintandathu ngonyaka, malunga nango-1951 ukuya ku-1956. Imisebenzi yabadala be-archaeologists yayiphethwe yimozulu yentlekele kunye nezimali ezinganeleyo.
Ngeli xesha elifutshane, izazinzulu zakwazi ukufumana onke amagumbi. Nangona kunjalo, i-museum ibonisa iQumran yaqala ukutshintsha kuphela xa intsimi yayingaphantsi kolawulo lukaSirayeli (imfazwe yemini-6, ngo-1967). Emva koko i-National Park Administration yathatha umsebenzi wokubuyisela.
Kutheni iQumran inomdla kubakhenkethi?
Namhlanje, abakhenkethi banamhlanje bahamba ngeendlela eziphambili, baxhamle iinkonzo zezikhokelo, babukele ifilimu emfutshane malunga nepaki. Ngaphandle kwendlela, kukho iindlela kunye nemibhalo ebhaliweyo apho kucatshulwe khona abacaphuli bamandulo. Ukongezelela, kwipaki kazwelonke yaseQumran, umboniso okhanyayo kunye ozwakalayo ngembali yendawo ulungiselelwe iindwendwe.
Epakini, abakhenkethi baya kubona ukuphangwa kwendawo ephakathi kwe-kumranites, inkqubo yamanzi kunye nomquba apho kufunyanwa khona imibhalo yesandla. Ixabiso lale mali lokugqibela alixabisekanga, kuba lichaza ngeziganeko ezininzi ezenzeka ngonyaka wama-2000 emva kokuba zibhaliwe.
Ingqikithi, malunga ne-900 imiqulu yemigangatho yokhuseleko iyafumaneka. Ezinye zazo zibhalwa kwi-papyrus, kodwa kukho nakwesikhumba. Iziphumo ezinomdla zibandakanya amanxuwa enkantsi zokutshisa iikheramics, izakhiwo ezi-2 okanye ezi-3-storey. Engxenyeni esempuma yepaki, izazinzulu zafumanisa amangcwaba amakhulu kunye nezidumbu zabantu.
Ukungena kwipaki kuyahlawulwa: intlawulo incike kwixesha lezokhenketho kunye namanani ukusuka kwi-4 ukuya kwi-6. Ipaki iyavuleka imihla ngemihla ukususela ngo-8 ukuya kwe-4 ukuya kwe-4 ebusuku kwixesha lehlobo kwaye ivala iyure enye ngaphambili ebusika. Ngeeholide, iQumran isebenza kuphela de 15.00.
Ndingafika njani?
Unokufikelela epakini laseQumran ngomgwaqo omkhulu ongama-20, 20 km ukusuka eJeriko.