Ukuvuthwa kwe-egg ngenye yeendlela zokuhamba kwimihla. U-Ovogenesis igama lenzululwazi yenkqubo yokwenziwa kweqanda kuma-ovari. Ubume beqanda buyi-spherical, luqulethe ukubonelela ngezondlo zokuxhasa ubomi kwi-embryyo kwiinqanaba zokuqala zophuhliso.
Umjikelezo wonke wokuya esikhathini uyalawulwa ngama-hormone, izinga apho liphuma khona, ngoko linciphisa egazini. Xa izinga le-horlicone evuselela i-hormone landa, iqanda likhula (livuthwa).
Iintsuku zivuthiwe?
Ixesha lokuvuthwa kweqanda linokuhlala kwiintsuku eziliqela ukuya kwinyanga, kodwa ngokuqhelekileyo inkqubo yokuhluma kweqanda ithatha iiveki ezimbini.
Kwiifollicle ngokwabo, i-hormone estrogen ikhiqizwa, ngaphandle kokuphi ukuvuthwa kwamaqanda okuqhelekileyo kunye ne-ovulation akunakwenzeka. Xa i-estrogen ifinyelela kwinqanaba elithile (ubuninzi), i-pituitary gland iyandisa kakhulu imveliso yenye uhlobo lwe-hormone, i-luteinizing. Ngaphantsi kwefuthe le hormone, i-ovum ekhulile ishiya ulandelelwano, i-ovulation ivela.
Ngamanye amaxesha kukho ukuvuthwa kweeqanda ezimbini ngexesha elifanayo, kunye nokuchumisa ngokufanayo apho ukukhanya kuza kubonakala ngamawele. Akunjalo ukuba ziya kuba zifana kakhulu, kuba zihlukile. Kodwa ukuba kwinkqubo yokwahlula enye iqanda elikhulayo liyahlukana libe ngamacandelo amabini okanye ngaphezulu, ngoko kuza kuzaliswa amawele afanayo.
Inqamana yegciwane lesisu, apho umzimba onempilo ungakhula ngenxa yokukhulelwa, iqukethe i-haploid (elilodwa) isethi yama-chromosomes. Isiphumo sokugqibela sincike kwiisethi ze-chromosomes iqanda linalo. Ukuba ngexesha lokutshatyalaliswa kweqanda kukho ukuphulwa kwesakhiwo se-chromosomes okanye utshintsho kwinani labo, ngoko liqanda elingavamile. Ukuba loo ngqanda iyabandakanywa, ngoko kwiimeko ezininzi i-embryo ekhulayo esuka kuyo iyafa kwenye yezigaba zokukhulelwa.
Nini iqanda elulungele ukuchumisa?
Emva kokuba i-ovulation yenzeke kwaye iqanda elivuthiweyo liye lavela kwi-follicle kwisigxina esiswini, sithathwa yi-tube fallopian kwaye sijoliswe kwingxenye yayo yangaphakathi. Iqanda lihla kancane ityhubhu kwisibeletho. Eli lixesha elifanelekileyo kakhulu lokuchumisa iqanda. Ukuba ukuchumisa akunakwenzeka, emva kweeyure ezingama-24 iqanda liya kufa. Ukuze ukwandise amathuba okukhulelwa, kufuneka ukwazi ukuba lusuku luni luvuthwa. Ngokuqhelekileyo iqanda elivuthiweyo lilungele ukuchumisa ngomhla we-14 womjikelezo. Le mini yinto efanelekileyo kakhulu yokuchumisa.
Kutheni iqanda lingabi livuthwe?
Kukho izizathu ezininzi zeli ganeko. Izona ziqhelekileyo zizo:
- iingxaki nge-ovulation, xa umjikelezo wokuya esikhathini usufutshane okanye, ngokukhawuleza, lide kakhulu. Kukho umngcipheko ukuba iqanda lingenakuvuthwa okanye alinakwenzeka;
- ukungasebenzi kwezi-ovari ngenxa yokuveliswa kakubi kweemodemoni eziyimfuneko, yingakho inkqubo yokuvuthwa kwe-follicle iphazamiseka. Iqanda kwimeko enjalo ayiyi kuvuthwa konke, okanye ayikwazi ukusebenza. Iingxaki ze-Hormon ngezinye izihlandlo zikhokelela ekungabikho ngokupheleleyo kokuya esikhathini nokuvuthwa kwamaqanda. Ulwaphulo-mthetho lunokuchaphazela kuphela i-hormone yesini, kodwa kunye ne-pancreas ye-thyroid;
- izifo zofuzo, ezifana ne-Turner's syndrome, zikhokelela ekuzalweni kwamantombazana angaphantsi kokuhlakulela okanye angenawo onke amaqanda, okwenza inkqubo yokuveliswa kweqanda ayinakwenzeka;
- izifo ezahlukahlukeneyo nezifo - i-ovary ye-polycystic, ukuphulwa kwinqanawa yomlomo wesibeleko, ukuguguleka komlomo wesibeleko, ukulimala kwiibhulo zomzimba, izikrakra kwiimpawu zomzimba we-ovarian emva kokuhlinzwa-konke oku kukhokelela ekulahlekelweni okupheleleyo okanye okukhethiweyo kokukwazi ukwenza i-ovum epheleleyo.
