Ulungiso oluthembisa ukuba utshintsho olunzulu luhlala lubonisana kunye nenkxaso kunye nokuchasana. Akukho nto - ukulungiswa kwemimandla. Ukulungiswa - yintoni na? Olu lwakhiwo oluyinkimbinkimbi yendawo apho izakhiwo zendawo zikhona. Eli candelo liquka izindlu ezininzi, ukuphunyezwa kweprojekthi kudinga indlela ekhethekileyo.
Ukulungiswa - yintoni na?
Ukulungiswa kwezindlu yinkqubo yokutshintsha izakhiwo eziye zasebenzisa ixesha labo ezitsha, ezakhiwe nazo zonke iimfuno zanamhlanje engqondweni. Xa wenza isigqibo sokulungiswa, ukuqwalaselwa kunikezelwa kwimibuzo, ukutshabalalisa kwezakhiwo, nokuba kukho indawo efanelekileyo yoluntu kwintsimi: i-kindergartens, i-polyclinics, izikolo. Uphuhliso lwemimandla lwenziwa ngesiseko sekhontraki ephethwe ngabasemagunyeni ngabaphumeleleyo kwintengiso, iqela ethatha iimbopheleleko libonisa isicwangciso soyilo.
Injongo yokuNyusa
Kutheni kulungiswa? Lo mbandela usandulisiwe ngokukhawuleza eMoscow, apho inkqubo yokuvuselela iqhubeka khona. Umsebenzi oyintloko kukuba uhlaziye imali yengxowa-mali yezindlu, ubeke izindlu zangaphambili kunye nazo zonke iindawo zokuhlala ezifanelekileyo. Ukuqaliswa kwenkqubo enjalo kwandulela le miba ilandelayo:
- Zonke izakhiwo ezinamabini amahlanu zakhiwe kwi-50-70 yekhulu lokugqibela, kwaye zenzelwe iminyaka engama-25 ukuya kuma-50, kwaye zikhonza ngaphezulu.
- Uninzi lwezindlu zokwakhiwa kwezindlu zorhwebo, ezichazwe njengeziqendu ezingenakulinganiswa. Ukulungiswa kuya kubiza ngaphezu kokwakha izakhiwo ezintsha.
Ukulungiswa - inzuzo kunye neengxaki
Izakhiwo zokulungiswa kwezindlu zithembisa ukutshintshelwa kwabahlali ngokufanelekileyo, nangona idibaniso eyintloko kunye nokuhlaziywa kweengxowa-mali zesixeko ngokupheleleyo. Izinzuzo ezicacileyo:
- Umnini ufumana indlu entsha ngeendleko zelizwe.
- Abemi bangenza utshintsho kwindawo yokwakha, ukufumana izindlu kunye nokulungiswa.
- Zonke izindlu ziya kuxhotyiswa ngeendlela, ezibaluleke kakhulu kubantu abakhubazekileyo kunye noomama abanesihlalo sabakhubazekile.
- Ukungena kwizakhiwo zicwangciswe ukusuka edieni.
- Inani lamagumbi lihambelana nelinye elikudala. Ukunikezelwa ngeendlela ezinkulu kunye neekhikhitini, abanini bafumana izindlu ngephepha elikhulu.
Kodwa kukho abanikazi bamafulethi kunye ne-minuses, ngenxa yokuba abantu baphikisana nokulungiswa:
- Izindlu ezintsha zingabakho nakwezinye indawo.
- Ukuhamba kuya kubiza ipenki enhle.
- Kubalulekile ukwenza amaxwebhu amaninzi, ukulungiselela abantwana kwisikolo esitsha, i-kindergarten, ii-counters zokubala kunye nezinye izixhobo.
- Kubuhlungu ukuba ulahlekelwe ukulungiswa kweendleko ezenzileyo kwindlu yakudala.
Iinkqubo zokulungiswa
Isimo sengqondo sokulungiswa koluntu siyahluke, kodwa ukulawulwa kweedolophu ukuqaliswa kwesi siko kuyinto ebalulekileyo. I-pluses iquka iinkalo ezinjalo:
- "I-Khrushchevs" sele imile phantsi kwayo, abaninzi baninzi beengozi, kwaye kuya kufuneka batshintshwe nangoko.
- Amaziko amatsha aya kuxhotyiswa ngezonxibelelwano zanamhlanje, ezifanelekileyo izandi kunye nokufakelwa kwe-thermal, okuya kubakho ngokukhululeka ukugcina iindleko zokulungisa indawo yokuhlala.
- Kwizakhiwo ezintsha zicwangciswe izithuba zokupaka, ingxaki iyalala apho ushiya khona imoto. Iibhodi ziya kukhutshwa kwizothutho, ziqhotyoshelwe kuyo yonke indawo.
- Iirhafu kwiminikelo yokulungiswa kwemali kwezakhiwo ziya kuncipha.
- Izindlu ezintsha, zanamhlanje ziya kuba nefuthe elihle ekubonakala kwezitrato kunye nesixeko.
- Kwimimandla ehloniphekileyo kuya kubakho izikwere zokwakhiwa kwezindlu kunye nezakhiwo zentengiso zanamhlanje, eziza kuzisa imali kwi-budget ye sixeko.
- Ukwakhiwa kwamanani amakhulu kunika imisebenzi emitsha.
Ukulungiswa -
Ngale ndlela kuyimfuneko ukumangaliswa: yintoni embi malunga nokulungiswa kwakhona, kutheni le projekthi inebaninzi abachasileyo? Iimigodi zenkqubo ziquka izinto ezinjalo:
- Ezinye izindlu eziwela phantsi kwebhubhiso, kunye ne-emergency-emergency, ziyakhonza. Ezinye zazakhelwe ngolindelo lokuba ziza kuma-2050, ezinye zinikezelwe ukulungiswa komgangatho kunye nokutshintshwa koqhagamshelwano.
- Izakhiwo ezininzi zinokuhlala kwimashumi eminyaka emva kokulungiswa kwemali ephezulu, kuya kuba neendleko ezingaphantsi kwesakhiwo esipheleleyo.
- Ngokunyuka kobuninzi bokwakha, umthwalo wezothutho, izibhedlele, amaziko emfundo, ivenkile, ubuninzi beendawo zingabangela iingxaki zasekhaya kunye neziphazamiso.
Ngubani ozuza kwi-renovation?
Ingakumbi ubunkokheli bezixeko zixhamla iingenelo zokuphumeza inkqubo enjalo yophuhliso, iimbono zivakalayo, kwiinkalo zokulungiswa - yintoni na kwaye inzuzo? Ezinye iinkampani kunye neengxelo zeendaba zenza uphando lwabo, zaza zafika kwisigqibo sokuba yonke inyaniso malunga nokulungiswa yile:
- Isidingo samafulethi kwizakhiwo ezintsha zawa, abaphuhlisi babefanele bafune iindlela eza kunceda ukulungisa imeko.
- Ukuba ubeka indawo yesakhiwo esinezitezi ezintlanu kumaziko angama-24 ukuya kwe-30, oku kuya kukwandisa ubuninzi bokwakha, obuthembisa izigidigidi zeengeniso.
- Kwabo bakhululwe phakathi kweso sixeko, unako ukufumana imali eninzi, abatyali-mali abaninzi abanakuzaza ukutshala imali kwiinkomfa ezintsha.
- Inkqubo iya kubelwa imali eninzi kwaye ayikho imfihlo eyenziwa yinto yokukhawulela - umkhangeli uyakhangeleka kwaye uyathandwa phakathi kweenkokheli zonxibelelwano.
Ulungiswa njani?
Imithetho yokuvuselela ifuna ukuba ngaphambi kokuba inkqubo iqalwe, iphrojekthi yokutyalomali yaqulunqwa, ebeka zonke iintlobo zomsebenzi wengcali kunye noyilo. Ukulungiswa kwakhona kwemimandla - ukudiliza izakhiwo nokukrazula zonke iinkonzo zomnxeba kunye nokutshintshwa okulandelayo. Ukulungiswa kwezindlu - kukulungiswa okanye ukutshintshwa kwezindlu ezingasetyenziselwa ezitsha, oku kuhlambulula ngokupheleleyo isayithi yokwakha. Ekubeni izakhiwo ziwela kwicandelo lezakhiwo zanamhlanje, abaphuhlisi baphuhlisa:
- iiprojekthi zezindlu zomkhumbi ngamnye;
- ukufakwa kwamamitha kumakhaya kuzo zonke izibonelelo;
- indawo yokubonelela kunye nokukhupha umoya wokungenisa umoya, kuba ebusika nasekwindla umoya ovela kwisitrato kufuneka ucuthe;
- ukufakela iifestile zangoku ezimbini eziqiniweyo;
- ukuphuhliswa nokuphunyezwa kweziphakamiso zanamhlanje, eziza kuthi zihlawulwe xa zihla.
Ungene njani kwinkqubo yokuvuselela?
Ukuba kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba abahlali abaninzi bahlale kwindawo okanye kwisixeko sakwaziwayo esaziwayo ukusuka ebuntwaneni, baninzi abantu abaphupha ngeemeko eziphuculweyo kunye namagumbi amakhulu. Kwaye umbuzo wokuqala abawubuzayo: njani ukungena kwinkqubo yokuvuselela? Ukwakheka kwesakhiwo kule nkqubo, kuyimfuneko ukuba ixhaswa ubuncinane yi-2/3 yabaqeshi. Kukho iindlela ezininzi zokurekhoda imbono:
- Bhalisa kwiprojekthi "Ummi osebenzayo" kwaye uvote.
- Ukuqhagamshelana namaziko enkonzo karhulumente, kunjalo kwisithili ngasinye kwisixeko apho iphrojekthi iphunyezwa khona.
- Vote kwintlanganiso yabanini bezindlu, lungisa imeko yesininzi kwaye uthumele umgaqo-nkqubo kwikhomishini yesithili.
Bavota njani ukulungiswa?
Yiyiphi imithetho yokuvota yokulungiswa? Abanikazi bamafulethi, kwaye abo baqeshisa ngokusemthethweni indlu banokuvota. Ukwenza uluvo lubalwa ngokungabikho, kufuneka ucacise:
- idatha yepaspoti;
- I-SNILS kunye nenani le-akhawunti yezemali kunye neyakho yomqulu wokuhlawula omnye.
Abo bafuna ukuzenza ngokwabo, kuyafaneleka ukudibana neenkonzo zoluntu "Amaphepha Ami". Kule nto ufuna:
- ipaspoti;
- isatifikethi somnini;
- isivumelwano sokuqeshwa, oku kusebenza kwabo bachitha izindlu.
Ungayenqaba njani ukulungiswa kwakhona?
Kwi ngasinye sithili somzi apho inkqubo iqhutyelwa khona, iikomishoni ziye zaqulunqwa ezibandakanya abamele abatyalo-mali, ulawulo kunye nabaqeshi. Abanikazi abaninzi, bengayazi ukuba yintoni - inkqubo yokulungiswa, bakhathazeke ukuba banokufuduswa ngaphandle kokuzisa kwangaphambili isigqibo esithathwe. Iingcali ziphawula ukuba akukho sizathu sokukhathazeka okunjalo, kuba:
- Ukukhululwa kwendawo engumnini kunokwenzeka kuphela ngemvume ebhaliweyo yomnini.
- Ukuba isakhiwo asiqapheliswanga njengongxamiseko, le projekthi ingaqwalaselwa kwakhona xa iceba indawo. Ukuba le ngongoma ithathelwa ingqalelo, kubalulekile ukubonisa isigqibo sentlanganiso yabanini beendawo zokuhlala kwikhomishini.
Izizathu zokuba zifuna ukulungiswa zibaninzi, kwaye zinempahla eyahlukileyo yabanikazi abahlukeneyo. Kwenzeka ukuba abantu abavotele ukuthatha inxaxheba kwinkqubo balinganisa i-pros and cons and deciding to refuse. Ngaba le nto ingenziwa? Ewe, unako. Abanikazi bezindlu kufuneka bafake izicelo kubameli bekhomishoni, kwaye le ngcamango kufuneka ifakwe kwimimiselo yendibano yekhomishini. Utshintsho lwesigqibo linokuthi luzinze phakathi kwinkonzo karhulumente "Amadokhumenti wam".