Utshintsho lwezendalo kumzimba wesetyhini odibeneyo nokuphela kwexesha lokuzala libizwa ngokuba yi-menopause kubafazi. Uphawu oluphambili lokumelana nokuphuma komzimba kukupheliswa kokuya esikhathini, nangona kunjalo, ukusebenza kwimizuzu ngexesha lokusuka kwimizimba kungapheli kancane. Ngokuqhelekileyo utshintsho olunjalo lufunyanwa ngumfazi ngamnye oneminyaka engama-40 ukuya kuma-50 ubudala. Ubude bexesha lokunyuka kwexesha lingahluka ukusuka kwiminyaka emi-2 ukuya kwe-10, ngeli xesha kukho ukulungiswa okupheleleyo kwenkqubo ye-endocrine yowesifazane.
Ukuphela kwesimiso semvelo kuqala emva kweminyaka engama-50, ukuba iinyanga ziphela kwiminyaka engama-40-45, ke oku kusemva kokuqala. Kwaye kwabesifazana abathile banamathuba okuphambuka kweeminyaka ubudala ekuqalekeni kwesisu: emva kweminyaka engama-35 emzimbeni womfazi kuncipha kwinqanaba lama-hormone aveliswa ngama-ovari, kunye nokusa komntwana kwangaphambili. Ukuba umfazi unesisu okanye ama-ovari asuswe, ukungabikho kokuya esikhathini kubizwa ngokuba yimizi yokuziyeka. Ukuphuma kwimihla yokuphuphuma komntwana kwangaphambili kwaye kungakabikho kungenzeka ngenxa yokuphila okungalunganga okuxhatshaxiniswe nokunyamezela, i-ecology, imikhwa emibi, kunye nezigulo ezidlulileyo.
Iimpawu zokuqala zokumisa
- uvakalelo lwengxaki engapheliyo;
- ukuguquka kwemizwelo kunye nokuthambekela kokudandatheka;
- intloko eqhubekayo;
- ukuphazamiseka kokulala;
- imeko yokuphelelwa kwengqondo kwengqondo;
- ukuvakalelwa okungahambi kakuhle kwisini: ukutshisa, ukutshisa, ukungabikho okulula.
Emva koko, ukuphazamiseka kwezityalo, okubizwa ngokuba "ngamatye" (ukutshatyalaliswa komkhuhlane ebusweni, entanyeni nasesifuba) zongezwa kule mpawu. Iidrafi zingathatha umfazi naliphi na ixesha lomhla kwaye zigcine ukusuka kumithathu ukuya kwi-30 imizuzu.
Ukuphuphuma komntwana kwangaphambili nangaphambi kwexesha kunokuxhatshazwa kokungondleki komzimba, ngoko ke abafazi abajongene nale ngxaki mabaqhagamshelane neengcali ukuba bafumane isizathu kunye nenjongo yonyango.
Unyango lwexesha lokuqala lokuyeka
Indlela ephambili yokonyango kukutyunjwa kwe-hormone yonyango (HRT) ukwenzela ukulungiselela ukungabikho kwamahomoni esondo. Isicwangciso esiyinqobo sokuqeshwa kwe-HRT kukubonelela ngempembelelo enkulu yokuphazamiseka ngempembelelo embi. Iindlela eziphambili zokumisela i-HRT ngokweNkcazo yamazwe ngamazwe malunga nokunquma kwexesha:
- I-HRT imele ikhethwe ngabanye, kuxhomekeka kwizifo ezikhoyo kunye nezinto ezikhethwa ngumfazi ngokwakhe;
- I-HRT iya kuba yinxalenye yesicwangciso-jikelele esilungiselelwe ukuphucula umfazi kwaye kuquka ukukhuselwa kwesifo senhliziyo;
- I-HRT ichaphazela ngokuqinisekileyo ukupheliswa kwempawu zamadoda, kunye neengxaki ze-urogenital, i-osteoporosis.
Nangona kunjalo, unyango lwe-hormone luneenkxalabo zalo, umzekelo, i-HRT ayinakwandisa umngcipheko wokuba nomdlavuza webele kunye nokunciphisa ukufa kwabantu bonke ngama-30%, kodwa ngexesha elifanayo umbuzo wemiphumo ye-hormone ekuphuhlisweni kwesifo se-Alzheimer okanye umhlaza wesisu awuzange isombululwe.
2. Kukho ezinye izixhobo ezinokunciphisa ukuyeka umzi, umzekelo, njenge-phytoeclogens. Ezi zinto zendalo zityalo ziyakuchukumisa umzimba womntu, kunye nokunciphisa ingozi yezifo ezinxulumene nokunciphisa izinga lamahomoni esondo.
3. Ukutya okunempilo kudlala indima ebalulekileyo ekupheliseni iimpawu zokunquma kwindoda. Ngokweengcali, ukutya okufanelekileyo kunokunceda abesifazana ukuba balwe nezinguqu kumzimba. Ngokomzekelo, iiprotheni zibaluleke kakhulu kubasetyhini, ubunzima beentlobo ze-carbohydrates, ngelixa ukusetyenziswa kwamatye kuyancishiswa, kodwa akupheliswa ngokupheleleyo. Imveliso yobisi, iziqhamo kunye nemifuno kufuneka ifakwe ekudleni kwansuku zonke, ngelixa ukusetyenziswa kotywala kunye ne-caffeine kufuneka kube nefuthe kakhulu.
4. Indlela yokuphila enempilweni iya kunceda ukujamelana "neengcambu". Kwiinkqubo zansuku zonke ezinyanzelekileyo, ukuhambahamba kuyimfuneko, ukuhamba kwizitepsi kunye nokuphakamisa izisindo kunceda ekunciphiseni umngcipheko we-osteoporosis.
5. I-greases ekhethekileyo kunye neekramsi zinceda ukugcina ukukhutshwa kwi-vagina ngethuba lokusuka kwindoda.