Isiqhamo esihle saseBeneonia sihlotshisiwe kungekhona kuphela ngamapaki, iipaki kunye negadi, kodwa nakwiindawo zethu zokuhlala. Ikwasekhaya laseBentonia, elibandakanya malunga nama-2000 ahlukeneyo. Ngenjongo yokuzilo, kwakusetyenziswe iminyaka engama-200 edlulileyo. Masifunde konke malunga nentyatyambo ye-begonia-ukunakekelwa ekhaya, indlela yokuyandisa nokuyikhusela kwizifo.
Iintlobo zangaphakathi zase-begonia
Le ntyatyambo yendlu enhle yabizwa ngokuba nguMichel Begon, owathi wafumana isityalo esingaziwa kwi-Antilles. Namhlanje, iintlobo ezahlukeneyo ezahlukeneyo ze-begonias zihlulwe kwiindidi ezibalulekileyo:
- Iimpawu zokucwangcisa-ezinqabileyo. Abanayo isitshixo esifanayo. Ubungqina babo obuhle kakhulu bukhula ngokukhawuleza ukusuka kwingcambu, babe nomfanekiso ohlukileyo kunye nombala: obomvu, ubumnyama, obomvu, obomdaka kunye nomhlophe. I-begonias ezidumileyo ezidumileyo yiRoyal, Metallica, Tiger kunye nabanye.
- Ukuhlobisa kunye neentyantyambo. Ezi ziquka i-begonias ngeentyantyambo ezintle zee-shades ezahlukeneyo: i-begonia i-Baby Vin, i-Elatior, i-Ambasador, njl.
Ixesha langaphakathi i-begonia liyaqhakaza?
Ukuba unika ientyatyambo zase-begonia ukunyamekela kakuhle ekhaya, ngoko kuya kutshabalala kakhulu. Ngenxa yolu luyakuthandwa ngabaflorisi abaninzi. Ukuqhakaza ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, iintyatyambo zasekhaya zaseBenesonia zihobisa indlu okanye indlu kuze kube sekwindla. Ezinye zeentlobo zaso, umzekelo, i-Elathior, i-flow of Elathior, iyakhula kuphela ebusika. Kutyalwe esitratweni, esi sityalo siqhakaza kuphela kwiinyanga zasehlobo: ukususela ngoJuni ukuya kuSeptemba.
Kutheni i-begonia yangaphakathi ingaqhakazi?
Ngokuqhelekileyo, igumbi le-begonia liyeka ukuqhakaza ngenxa yokunyamekela. Isityalo singenakuyithanda loo miqathango yokunyamekela nokugcinwa:
- ncinane;
- umoya omile kakhulu;
- ubushushu buphantsi kakhulu okanye buphakamileyo;
- isichumiso esingaphezulu;
- ubukho bemida.
Xa ususa zonke ezi mpazamo, i-begonia yakho enhle, ukunakekelwa ekhaya okulula, iya kuphinda iqhube. Ukuba oku kungenzeki, ungasebenzisa okokuthiwa "yimini emfutshane" kwamkela. Ngenxa yoko, kwiiveki ezimbini, kubalulekile ukugubungela i-begonia kunye nefilimu emnyama, ngaloo ndlela ukunciphisa ngokukhawuleza usuku lokukhanya. Ngeli xesha, iifama ziqala ukubeka ngenyameko. Emva koko ukukhanya kancinci kuqale ukunyuka.
Igumbi laseBegonia - ukunakekelwa
Ukuba ugcina intyatyambo efana ne-begonia, ukunyamekela kakuhle ekhaya, kuya kugcina ukubukeka kakuhle, kwaye ukugquma kwayo kuya kuba luninzi kwaye kuhlala ixesha elide. Ezi zilandelayo zibonakaliso zibaluleke kakhulu kule:
- Ukukhanyisa. Iimvula zelanga ezikhanyayo ziyimfuneko kwientyantyambo ze-begonias, kodwa ukusuka elangeni elitshisa ngqo kukulungele ukuba i-pritenyat ukuba amaqabunga ayatshiswa.
- Ukushisa. I-Begonias ifanelekile ukuba ihlobo langaphakathi 20-22 ° C kunye nobusika 15-18 ° C.
- Ukuthotywa komoya. Ukunyamekela nokukhula kwe-begonia ekhaya kukuqinisekisa ukuba yindawo engamanzi, nje ungayifaki. Kungcono ukufaka ibhodlo ngesityalo kwisitya esifakwe kwisitya esibanzi. Emazantsi ebeka i-moss, kwaye ngamaxesha amaninzi amanzi ngamanzi, okuza kuphuma, aya kubonelela i-begonia kunye nobutyebi obuyimfuneko.
Ubumbi be-begonia yangaphakathi
Ukutyala isityalo esincinane sase-begonia, udinga ibhokhwe elincinci 5-6 cm ngobukhulu kunye nezimbobo zokuhambisa amanzi. Emva kweenyanga ezintandathu kamva, xa isityalo se-begonia sikhula ipropati eyaneleyo, kufuneka ifakwe kwisitya esikhulu, ubukhulu bayo buyi-8-10 cm. Ukutshintshwa okulandelayo, kuxhomekeke kwingcambu eyenziwe, kufuneka kwenziwe emva konyaka, kwaye ibhokhwe kufuneka ithathwe okwesithathu kunangaphambili . Ukuba awuhambisani nalo mgaqo kwaye ukususela ekuqaleni uvelise intyatyambo inamandla amakhulu, ngoko iingcambu zayo zingase ziqale ukubola.
Umhlaba ukwenzela i-begonia yangaphakathi
Intyatyambo ye-begonia, ukunyamekela ekhaya, okubandakanya ukutshala okuchanekileyo, uyakuthanda umso onomsoco kunye nomhlaba ocolileyo. Ekubeni iingcambu zibuthathaka kwaye zisezintlu, umhlaba we-begonia kufuneka ube yomoya-kwaye unomswakama-ongenakunyuswa, kwaye ubudibene bomhlaba bubuthathaka. Umhlaba we-begonias ungathengwa kwivenkile. Ukuba ufuna ukuyibeka ngokwakho, umxube kufuneka ube neengxenye ezinjalo:
- peat - 2 izingxenye;
- amaqabunga omhlaba - ama-2;
- isanti - 1 inxalenye;
- umquba - inxenye e-1.
Ukuze ukhululeke umhlaba, unokongeza i-vermiculite, i-coconut fiber okanye i-perlite. Ukunciphisa kakuhle u-asidi womhlaba umsila okanye umgubo we-dolomite. Umxube olungiselelwe kufuneka uhlanjwe, ususe zonke iziphumo ezinkulu. Emva koko, umhlaba kufuneka uphuthulwe ngamanzi abilayo okanye ubhaka kwi-oven. Oku kuya kutshabalalisa zonke ii-microorganisms ezinokwenzeka. Ngaphantsi kwebhodi, gcwalisa ingca okanye udongwe olwandisiweyo.
Ungayinisela njani i-begonia ekhaya?
Esi sivande esihle sekhaya sihlambulukile kakhulu. Ngoko ke, ukuthambisa i-begonia ekhaya ngumnye wezinto ezibalulekileyo zokunakekelwa kweentyatyambo. Iingcali zincoma ukuba zinamathele kwimithetho ethile:
- Hlela inkqubo yokuhambisa amanzi phantsi kwetanki.
- Amanzi afanele aphuze kwiqondo lokushisa lokushisa, elalikhuselekile emini.
- I-Moisten umhlaba kufuneka ukuba yomekile kwi-1.5 cm.
- Kwixesha lekwindla-ebusika, manzi intyatyambo kanye ngeveki. I-tuberous begonia iqulethwe kwi-peat eyomileyo ngokubanzi ngaphandle kokunkcenkceshela.
- Ehlobo, ukuthambisa kufuneka kube luninzi. Amanzi ukwenzela ukuba amanzi angaphezu kwamanzi angena emigodini yamanzi.
- Ukuhamba ngexesha elitshisayo kuthetha ukuthambisa i-begonia yonke imihla.
- Musa ukuvumela ukunyuka kwamanzi, ngokuqhelekileyo kukhokelela kwizimpande ezibolayo.
- Ukunisela kufuneka kube yintsimi, njengokuba i-begonias eninzi ayithandi umswakama kwiintyatyambo kunye namaqabunga.
Ukutshala i-begonia ekhaya
Ukunyamekela kweentyatyambo kubandakanya ukutshintshwa kwenkcazelo. Abaqalayo banomdla kwindlela yokutshala i-begonia ekhaya. Uphawu oluqinisekileyo lokuba oku kufuneka lwenziwe yizimpande eziphuma kumjelo wamanzi. Ngenyameko uthathe i-begonia kwi-pot uze ukhulule iingcambu kwihlabathi elidala. Kwimizuzu engama-30, babeke kwisisombululo esibomvu se-potassium permanganate, uze uhlanza ngaphantsi komlambo wamanzi, ngelixa ususa i-rootlets eyomile okanye ebolile. Emva kokumisa kancinci, sihlanyela isiqithi kwi-pot, eyinkulu kuneyokuqala.
Ukondla i-begonia ekhaya
Abo banomdla kwindlela yokunyamekela i-begonia yangaphakathi, kufuneka uyazi ukuba enye yezinto ezinokunyamekela kukuchumisa isityalo. I-begonias yeentyantyambo kufuneka idliwe kabini ngenyanga, ukususela kwixesha apho baya kuba neefama. Ukwenza oku, sebenzisa iimali ezijoliswe kwiintlobo zezimbali, eziqukethe i-phosphorus kunye ne-potassium. Ukuhlobisa kunye ne-begonia ekhohlakeleyo kufuneka i-nitrogen fertilizer. Ukuba ezo zixhobo zisetyenziselwa iintlobo zeentyantyambo, iintlobo zeentyantyambo zingenakwenzeka.
Begonia - ukunakekelwa ekhaya emva kokuthenga
Abo batshali beentyatyambo abagqiba ukuhlobisa indlu yabo ngesityalo esihle, kufuneka ufunde ezinye zeengcaphephe zokunyamekela intyatyambo yase-begonia ekhaya emva kokuthenga kwayo:
- Ukukhetha indawo. Ukuba u-begonia uvele ekwindla okanye ebusika, kungcono ukuyibeka kwiwindow okanye empumalanga yewindow, kwaye kuthengwa ehlobo kufuneka kufakwe kwiwindow ye-north window. Zama ukungavumeli iifrikhthi kwaye ungashenxisi isitya kwindawo ethile.
- Ukunisela. Ngokukhawuleza emva kokuthenga i-begonia, amanzi akufanele atywe. Ukuba igumbi litshisa kakhulu kwaye lomile, ungafaka ibhodlela lamanzi kufuphi nevase. Emva kwexesha lokuxilongwa, isityalo singanisela xa kuyimfuneko.
- Ukutshintshwa kwezityalo. Ngokukhawuleza emva kokuthenga, musa ukukhawuleza ukutshala i-begonia, ngakumbi xa iqhakaza. Ekufakweni kweso sityalo, kuphela isityalo esikhuselekileyo okanye umhlaba kuyo iimfuno ezingathandabuzekiyo.
- ICarantine. Kuphela iiveki ezi-2, kwaye kuphela emva kokuphela kwayo kunokwenzeka ukubeka i-begonia ngasezinye iintyatyambo.
Begonia - ukunakekelwa ekhaya ebusika
Ukuba isityalo sakho sitshintshisayo yonke ihlobo, emva kokuqala kwexesha lokubanda, unesithuba sokuphumla. Ukukhula nokunyamekela i-begonia ngexesha lokulala ngexesha lobusika lulandelayo:
- Akufanele kutyunjwe ngeli xesha.
- Ukunciphisa ukuthambisa. Ukuze kungabangela ukubola kweengcambu, iintyatyambo zinganisela ngeli xesha kuphela ukuba umhlaba ebhodweni usomile.
- Hlonipha umoya. Njengoko ixesha lokufudumala ekamelweni liba nzima kakhulu, kunokwenzeka ukuba uphefe umoya emoyeni ukusuka kwi-atomizer okanye ukuxhoma ilinen emanzi kwiibhetri.
Indlela yokuqhawula i-begonia ekhaya?
Xa ukhula ientyatyambo ze-begonia, ukunyamekela ekhaya kuya kulandelwa izihlahla eziphosakeleyo. Ngaphandle kwenkqubo, awukwazi ukukhula isityalo esihle. Ukuba ayenziwanga, isiqu siya kwandula, amahlumela aya kuba yincinci, kwaye amaqabunga angabi ncinane. Ukuqhekeza i-begonia kwikhaya kuyadingeka ukwakha isithsaba esihle kunye nokuphucula izimbali. Kulungele ukwenza oku kuwa. Abaphuli beentyatyambo beentyatyambo batusa le ndlela yokucima indlu yaseBelonia:
- Ngesihlandlo sokuqala, u-begonia osemncinci kufuneka athathwe xa iziqu zalo zifikelela kwindawo ephakamileyo ye-6-7 cm. Isonga sinqunywe ngesandla esibukhali, esiza kukhuthaza ukukhula kweempawu ezixhamlayo.
- Emva koko, ukuthambisa kufuneka kuncitshiswe ngaphambi kokuba kuqale ukukhula kwamahlumela amatsha.
- Ngokukhawuleza ukuba i-lateral ikhula ikhule ibe yi-10 cm, iingcebiso zayo kufuneka zinqunywe, kuqinisekiswe ukuba ukucwiliswa kwenziwa ngeentso ezikhula kwicala langaphandle.
- Kwixesha elizayo, kuyimfuneko ukunciphisa amahlumela atyhidiweyo ngezikhathi ezithile, kunye nokususa izitshixo ezimileyo ukugcina isithsaba esihle.
Indlela yokusasaza iBhegonia ekhaya?
Abathandi abangenalwazi abanamaphunga abaluli beentyatyambo bafuna ukwazi indlela i-begonia egumbini inanda ngayo. Iindlela zokuzalisa zixhomekeke kwintlobo yeentyatyambo kunye neengcambu zayo:
- Ukusika. Ngoko i-begonias ene-stem yanda. Sika isiqu malunga ne-10 cm ubude, susa amaqabunga aphantsi, kwaye usike isiqingatha esiphezulu. Emva kokumisa iinqununu, unqumle isiqu emhlabathini, uthele embhodweni, ukuya kumagqabi. I-sapling ihlanganiswe ngebhotile yeplastiki, kwaye ngenyanga uya kufumana i-begonia entsha.
- Imbewu. Ngale ndlela, zonke i-begonias eziqhakazayo zivelisa. Kulo mhlaba othengiweyo osasaziweyo usasaza imbewu, ukunyamezela emhlabathini (ungafefe umhlaba). Phezulu ngepakethe uze ufake ukushisa. Izithombo kufuneka zivele kwiiveki ezimbini. Ngokubonakala kwamacembe, izityalo zifakwe kwiikomityi.
- Ngokwahlula ihlathi. Ngentwasahlobo intaba enkulu ye-begonia ingahlukana. Siyisusa ebhodweni, hlanza iingcambu emanzini uze usike isiqithi ngommese ukuze kwicandelo ngalinye kukho ubuncinane i-germ okanye izintso. Iinqaba zifafaza amalahle atyumkileyo, zityalo iintsha ezintsha kwiiphothi ezahlukeneyo uze uwathulule.
- Ukuzaliswa ngamaqabunga. Isetshenziselwa ukuba i-begonias engenayo isitshixo. Kubalulekile ukusika iqela eliphilileyo. Yifake kwiplanethi ephangaleleyo kwaye unqande ama-triangles ngesandla esibukhali ukuze ngamnye ube nemigodi ye-1-2. Faka iziqwenga zibe ngumhlaba omanzi uze ufihla phezulu kunye nephakheji. Xa kuvela ihlumela, izityalo ezincinci zityalwe ebhodweni.
Izifo zecala laseBelonia
Izifo zale ntyatyambo zihambelana ngqo nomgangatho wokunyamekela, kwaye akunandaba nantoni na ukuba i-begonia evela kwimbewu yakhula ekhaya okanye ikhulile ngumntu omdala. Kukho izifo zakhe:
- Ubumba obomvu - kwiintyatyambo kunye namaqabunga ombala obomvu obubonakalayo.
- I-Powdery mildew - amaqabunga kunye neziqu zihlanganiswa ngamathala amhlophe ngohlobo lwe powder.
- Iingcambu zomnyama ezimnyama - iingcambu zeentyatyambo ziqala ukujika emnyama nokubola.
- Intsholongwane yomhlaza wekotyi - amaqabunga aphelile, afaka amabala aphuzi kunye namasongo.
- I-Nematodes - iingcambu zavela kwiingcambu, kwaye amaqabunga avuliwe.