Ngendlela umntwana ekhulisa ubunzima bomzimba, umntu unokugweba malunga nemeko yakhe yempilo. Ukuzuza ubunzima kwiintsana kuncike kwiimeko ezininzi: isixa kunye nesimo sesondlo, ukungabikho kokukhubazeka kokuzalwa komntwana ( ukukhubazeka kwentliziyo , inkqubo yokugaya ukutya), ukungalondeki kobubele be-amino acids okanye i-lactose ngenxa yokungabikho kwe-enzyme. Emva koko, siya kuqwalasela amaxabiso okufumana ubunzima kwiintsana, kwaye nawaphi na imeko ubunzima bomntwana bunokuba buninzi ngaphantsi komgangatho.
Uluhlu lokufumana ubunzima kwiintsana ngenyanga
Iingcali ze-WHO ziye zavelisa iinkqubo zokunyusa ubunzima beintsana ngeenyanga, ezivunyelwe ukuba ziguquke ezincinci. Ngoko, umzekelo, abazali abade banabantwana abakhulu, kwaye banokuzuza ubunzima. Kwaye, ngokufanelekileyo, kubazali abancinci, abantwana bazalwa bancinci kwaye banokufumana abanye abantwana abancinci. Umyinge osandul 'uzalwa uzalelwa ubunzima be-2650 ukuya ku-4500 kg. Kwaye ngeveki yokuqala ingalahlekelwa kwi-10% yesisindo somzimba. Ngokomyinge, isahlulo sokuqala sonyaka iintsana ezingama-800 ngeenyanga, ezibonakaliswa kwifom:
Ubunzima bomzimba = ubunzima bomzimba ekuzalweni (g) + 800 * N, apho iN n inani leenyanga.Ukususela ngenyanga yesikhombisa yobomi, inzuzo yesisindo iyancitshiswa kakhulu kwaye imiselwe ngolu hlobo olulandelayo:
Ubunzima bomzimba = ubunzima bomzimba ekuzalweni (g) + 800 * 6 (ubunzima obunikwe ngumntwana kwiinyanga ezintandathu zokuqala) + 400 * (N-6), apho iN n inani leenyanga ukusuka ku-6 ukuya ku-12.Nangona kunjalo, oogqirha babantwana abaqikeleli ubunzima bomzimba bomntwana ngokwahlukileyo, kodwa ubungakanani bemilinganiselo yokuphakama (ubuninzi-ukukhula koluhlu), okunika ithuba lokuthetha ngokuvisisana nophuhliso lolutsha. Itheyibhile elandelayo ibonisa izinga lokukhula kunye nokuzuza ubunzima kwiintsana ze-WHO.
Utshintsho lokufumana ubunzima kwiintsana
Ndifuna nje ukuphawula ukuba ukuzalwa komntwana omkhulu (ngaphezu kwe-4.5 kg) kunokwenzeka kubazali abanomdla wokunyusa iswekile yegazi. Kwaye ukuzalwa kwezingane ezingcolileyo zithetha nge- fetoplacental insufficiency , ukusulelwa kwe-intrauterine kunye nokungahambi kakuhle kwezitho zangaphakathi.
Ukwanda kwenani lomntwana kuxhomekeke kwindlela yokutya. Ngoko ke, iintsana ekunceliseni iimeko ezininzi zifunyenwe ngokwetafile, kwaye abantu abakhethiweyo baqhele ukuba bankulu kunontanga yabo. Ukuba akukho lubisi ngokwaneleyo kumama okanye ukuba aluhambelani nokubunjwa okufanelekileyo, umntwana akanako ukufumana ubunzima obaneleyo. Inkulu enkulu isethi yomzimba womzimba kwintsana inokuthetha nge-pathology ye-cardiovascular, respiratory and endocrine system.
Ndingayichazela njani ukuba umntwana usulela ubunzima?
Oomama abancinci kaninzi abanako ukugqiba ukuba umntwana wabo ulahleka ubisi. Ukwenza oku, kufuneka uqaphele ukuziphatha komntwana. Ukuba umntwana uyadla, unokulala ngokuzeleyo ukuya kwiiyure ezingama-3, kwaye nangona evukile, akabonakalisi ukucasula. Umntwana olambileyo ulele nje kuphela ixesha elincinci, aze avuke aze afune enye ukutya.
Ngaloo ndlela, sihlolisise ukuba umntwana oza kuzalwa kufuneka athathwe njani ngonyaka wokuqala wobomi. Ukuba umntwana akanako ubunzima, kufuneka udibane nodokotela wezilwanyana ukufumana isizathu. Ukuba isisombululo sokunqongophala esaneleyo sonyango, ugqirha uyakunceda ukhethe umxube omhle kwaye unike iingcomo ngokutya okuxubekileyo, kunye nokucebisa amayeza ukukhuthaza utywala.