Ukubuza umbuzo, yiyiphi imilinganiselo yokuziphatha, abaninzi abanakuze bakrokre ukuba ubutyebi buninzi kwaye bubanzi kangakanani le ngcamango. Oku kunokuthetha intlonipho, inkcubeko yokunxibelelana, utshintsho kwimibono ebomini, ukukhutshwa ngokomoya okanye ukukhula komsebenzi. Ngako oko, kubalulekile ukuba ukwazi ukuchaneka ngexesha elifanelekileyo kwaye uchithe ixesha elifanelekileyo ukuze ufezekise injongo.
Yintoni yokufunda ngokuziphatha?
Ukususela kumaxesha amandulo, ukuziphatha ngokwezesayensi yinye yeendlela zefilosofi ezijongene nokufundisisa imilinganiselo yokuziphatha kunye nokuziphatha kwamaqela eentlalo ezahlukeneyo. Olu nxu lumano lwefilosofi luchazwa yinyaniso yokuba ukuze kuqondwe ixesha elibalulekileyo lokuziphatha, kufuneka ukwazi ulwazi lweziseko zefilosofi.
Yintoni efanelekileyo yokuziphatha? Ingqiqo ephantsi kwengqalelo ibizwa ngokuba yindawo yolwazi, equka ukufundwa kwemigangatho ebaluleke kakhulu ekuphuhliseni uluntu-ukuziphatha, imithetho, izithethe, uvavanyo lweenjongo kunye nezenzo zabantu kwiimeko ezithile. Iimpawu eziphambili zeli sayensi zisetyenziselwa ukuhlolisisa imiba yoluntu, yezopolitiko kunye neentsapho.
Indlela yokuziphatha ihluke njani kwi-etiquette?
Sonke ukususela ebuntwaneni sikhumbule ukuba safundiswa ukugcina imithetho yomgaqo-nkqubo , oku kuziphatha kakubi kungekhona kwindawo yoluntu kuphela, kodwa nasekhaya. I-Etiquette liqela leemimiselo okanye imigaqo yokuziphatha kwiindawo zoluntu. Nazi ezinye zazo:
- kunikezelwa ukuthutha kubantu abadala;
- ubambe umnyango;
- ukuziphatha ngokwemveli kwiindawo zoluntu, musa ukwenza ingxolo;
- landela imigaqo yokuziphatha kwi-table table.
Ukuziphatha kwemihla ngemihla, ekuqhubekeni kwezithethe zamafilosofi zakudala kunye nabacingisi, bafunda ngokutsha iingxaki zokuziphatha zabantu. Ngako oko, iingcamango eziqhelanisiweyo zokuziphatha kunye neendlela zokuziphatha zineenkcazelo ezahlukeneyo, kodwa ngokuqinisekileyo zibalulekile, kwaye ngenye indlela efana noluntu. Ezi ziquka:
- ukugcinwa kwezithethe kunye nemigangatho yokuziphatha;
- Inkqubo yokuvavanya kokubi nokulungileyo;
- inkululeko yokuthetha kunye nokukhetha;
- ukukhangela iinjongo kunye nenjongo yobomi bomntu, impilo yakhe.
Ukuziphatha kunye neengqondo
Njengomgaqo, ukuziphatha kobuntu kuyingxenye ebalulekileyo ekufundweni kwamacandelo athile enjalo kwisayensi njengengqondo. Oku kubangelwa kukuba le nzululwazi ibandakanyeka ekufundeni iinkalo zengqondo zobuntu, ubukho bayo, ukusebenzisana noluntu olujikelezile, iinkqubo ezenzeka engqondweni yomntu kwaye kaninzi zibangelwa zizenzo zakhe. I-Ethics, ngaphezu koko, iqwalasela indlela yokuziphatha kunye nombono womntu, kodwa ngokwemiqathango yokuziphatha neyokuziphatha kunye nezithethe eziye zaphuhliswa kuluntu.
Ukubuza umbuzo, yintoni ukuziphatha, kunokwenzeka ukuqwalasela eminye yemisebenzi yayo, ngoncedo apho kunokwenzeka ukulungisa ixesha elithile kwimfundo yengqondo kunye nokuziphatha komntu kunye nalo lonke uluntu lonke:
- ukukhuthazwa kwanoma yimuphi umsebenzi onomsebenzi;
- umsebenzi wezemfundo;
- umnqweno wokulungisa iingxabano nokulungisa iingxaki ngokuthetha;
- ukuqhelaniswa nokubaluleka kwezinto ezibalulekileyo;
- ukuqonda kunye nokuhlolwa kwezinto ezibalulekileyo zokuphila;
- ukubunjwa kwembono ethile yehlabathi.
Iimfundiso zoBugcisa
Isikhokelo esibalulekileyo ekufundeni imimiselo yokuziphatha yongezwa kwimiba yabasebenzi yomsebenzi wabantu. Xa uthatha umsebenzi, kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuba yeyiphi imigaqo yokuziphatha. Le nkqubo yimiqathango yokuziphatha kunye nemithetho yokuziphatha kwengcali, into ebalulekileyo yecandelo lomveliso othile. Ukuthotyelwa kwayo ngokuqhelekileyo kuyimfuneko enyanzelekileyo kwindawo yokusebenzela, eyona nto iphambili ekuphuhlisweni kwempumelelo, kwaye, mhlawumbi, kwanokukhula komsebenzi.
Iimpawu zokuziphatha
Okwangoku, abasebenzi beenkampani ezininzi kunye neenkampani, zombini kunye nabaseRashiya, bayazi ukuba zeziphi iinkqubo zokuziphatha ezifanelekileyo-inkqubo yokuziphatha kunye nokuziphatha, esekelwe kubasebenzi abasebenzisana nabo kunye nemibutho engaphandle. Kule meko, imimiselo yokuziphatha ivumela ukuseka nokulawula ubudlelwane phakathi kwabasebenzi kunye nendlela yabo yokusombulula imisebenzi okanye ukuzalisekisa isicwangciso. Iimpawu zokuziphatha ezinokubambisana zingabandakanya le migaqo elandelayo:
- uxanduva emsebenzini;
- ukugcinwa kwengqondo yomsebenzi wokusebenza komsebenzi;
- iqela lokubambisana kwaye kugxininise kwisiphumo sonke.
I-Ethics Ethics
Bonke oosomashishini, abaphathi kunye namagosa aphakamileyo ayazi kakuhle imigaqo yokunxibelelana kwezoshishino - isethi yemigaqo yokuziphatha kwenkonzo, enjongo yokufezekisa iinjongo ezibekiwe. Ngokuqhelekileyo kubandakanya ezi zinto zilandelayo:
- ukuzithemba nokuthetha ngokucokisekileyo kunye nabangaphantsi, abaphathi, abakhuphiswano kunye namaqabane;
- ukukwazi ukukhokela, ukwenza izigqibo nokuphepha iingxaki zengxabano;
- izakhono zokuthetha;
- ubumbano kunye nomnqweno wokusebenza kwiqela elinye.
Kwiimeko ezininzi, iminye imithetho yezonxibelelwano zoshishino iphikisana neempawu zobuntu kunye nomqondo womqeshwa. Kule meko, kufuneka ukhethe phakathi kweemfuno zomsebenzi kunye nomkhwa okanye imigaqo yakho. Kwezinye iimeko, ukugcinwa komgaqo-nkqubo woqhagamshelwano lwezoshishino kunokuba yisibambiso sokuphuhliswa kwezephuhliso zoshishino kunye nokukhuthazwa kwinqanaba lomsebenzi.
Iimfundiso Zenkolo
Izithethe zeCawa zibonakaliswa yimilinganiselo yazo yokuziphatha, kuba inkolo kunye nokuziphatha kuyaxhomekeke ngokuthe ngqo. Imigaqo yezenkolo yinkqubo yemigaqo yokuziphatha ebonisa ukuziphatha nokuqonda komntu. Bathembele kwimimiselo yecawa, kodwa abaphelelanga kubo. Ukongeza kwimibutho ebantwini, imigaqo enqulo inokubeka imithetho yokuziphatha kunye nemigangatho yobudlelwane phakathi komntu noThixo, ithuba lokuxolelwa, ukuphilisa nokholo lwabantu kwisiqalo saphezulu.
Ukuziphatha kweentsapho zobudlelwane
Kwintsapho, ukuziphatha kobudlelwane, ngaphezu kwothando nokuthandana, yinxalenye ebalulekileyo yomtshato ovuyayo. Kule meko, iimilinganiselo zokuziphatha zisekelwe kwimigaqo elandelayo:
- ntlonelo;
- themba;
- ukungabikho kokugxeka ngokungenangqondo;
- ukwala ukucacisa ubudlelwane kunye nabasithathu;
- ukukhishwa kwamacandelo kunye nokusetyenziswa kwamandla omzimba;
- ukuzikhethela njengomzekelo ofanelekileyo wokukhulisa umntwana;
- isimo sengqondo esifanayo kubo bonke abantwana kwintsapho ngaphandle kokwabiwa kunye nokukhuthazwa okongeziweyo komntu.
Nceda uqaphele ukuba imigaqo yobudlelwane phakathi kwamaqabane omtshato kunye nezihlobo kubalulekile ukugcina intsapho epheleleyo kunye nolonwabileyo, imilinganiselo yokuziphatha neyokuziphatha yesizukulwana esizayo. Ngokubhekiselele kwisigxina esipheleleyo sokuphila, inani elithile labantu ngamanye amaxesha alinakuthethwa ngamazwi okanye kwizenzo zabantu abasondelene nabo: abatshati, abazali, abantwana.
Iimfundiso zeZizwe
Ukuphendula umbuzo, yiyiphi imigaqo yokuziphatha, kubalulekile ukukhumbula intsingiselo yegama elithi "ilizwe" -i-civil, hhayi i-ecclesiastical. Ngenxa yoko kulandela ukuba imigaqo yokuziphatha yimiqathango yemigaqo esekelwe kwimisebenzi yoluntu ngaphandle kwefuthe lecawa. Le migaqo, njengommiselo, ibonakaliswa ngesizathu, kungekhona ngokuqonda komntu. Balawula ubudlelwane phakathi kwabantu ngokwemilinganiselo yokuziphatha, bazise iingcamango zokulungileyo nokubi, abaxhamli kunye nefesane, ngaphandle kobomi bommandla ophucukileyo ongenakwenzeka.
Ukuziphatha kwi-Intanethi
Kwi-Intanethi, imigaqo yokunxibelelana kwintengiso yindlela yomntu yokuthetha ngokungabikho koqhagamshelwano kunye nomdlali. Kungakhathaliseki ukuba unjalo, asiyisisombululo sokuhlambalaza kunye namahlaya angcolileyo kwidilesi yomnye umntu. Ukongeza kwimiba enjalo ephakamileyo xa uxhulumana kwiWebhu yeWebhu yehlabathi, ukuziphatha komnxibelelwano wenethiwekhi kungaquka imigaqo elandelayo:
- ukugcinwa kwesihloko sencoko;
- unqwenela ababenxibelelana nabo okanye wena;
- ukungabikho kohlwaywa kunye nokubakho kokubhaliweyo;
- ingxoxo ngeemeko zentengiso;
- Imiba yemilayezo yokubhala - ifolda, ubukhulu, umbala wombhalo, ubukho bemifanekiso okanye ukumamatheka.
Ukuziphatha kwezentlalo
Kwintlalo ephucukileyo, imigaqo yomsebenzi wentlalo yimiba, equka iinkqubo zokusebenzisana kwabantu kuluntu. Imithetho okanye imigaqo enjalo inokulawula imisebenzi yomntu kuluntu, ukuxhasa ubukho bayo, ukwandisa uxanduva lwabo bajongene nophuhliso oluqhelekileyo kuluntu. Umntu ofanayo kubalulekile ukuhambelana nemimiselo yokuziphatha kwentlalo ekuphuhlisweni kokuphumelela kokubili kunye noluntu olumjikelezile.
Imilinganiselo yokuziphatha
Iingcamango zokuziphatha kunye nokuziphatha zihlala zisetyenziswa kumxholo omnye. Imilinganiselo yimiqathango yokulawula ukuziphatha okanye ukuvavanya iintshukumo zomntu, ubudlelwane bakhe noluntu, kunye neenkalo zokusebenzisana kwezombusazwe kunye phakathi. Imilinganiselo yokuziphatha iyafana neenkqubo ezifanayo ezichaphazelekayo kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zoluntu:
- mveliso;
- usapho;
- kwezopolitiko;
- zonqulo.
Kwimeko nayiphi na imeko, kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuba yiyiphi imilinganiselo yokuziphatha, kwaye ukuba le ngcamango ayikho nje ukulungisa, kodwa nokuhlola ukusebenzisana kwabantu kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zobomi babo. Ukulandela imilinganiselo yokuziphatha, unokufumana ibhalansi efunekayo ukuze ubekho ucoceko, ukuqonda umgca phakathi kokulungileyo nokubi, ukufunda ukunyaniseka nokunyamekela, okwezinye ilahlekile kuluntu lwangoku.