Amahomoni eesifazana - into ebalulekileyo ebangela ukuba ubomi bobulili obufanelekileyo bubonelele. Zichaphazela imbonakalo, umlingiswa, umzimba, iimvakalelo nezengqondo. Imvelaphi yeHormon nayo ixanduva lwemoya yesikhumba, ukuphakama, ubunzima, umbala kunye nokuxinwa kweenwele, ukutya, isondo, isondo.
IiHommoni eziphambili zezilwanyana
Ezi zinto ziveliswa ngokuzenzekelayo yilo lonke iqumrhu lomzimba: isibindi, iiscupu ezinamafutha, ingqondo, i-thyroid, intliziyo. Izidalwa zendalo zilungiselelwe ukuba kuzo zonke iimboni zeesilisa kunye namabhinqa ziveliswa kanyekanye. Kodwa inani kunye nenani labo kubameli beesondo ezahlukeneyo luhle kakhulu. Imvelaphi ye-hormonal yenziwa ngenxa yolawulo lwezinto ezingama-60 ezahlukeneyo. Yaye ukuba i-hormone zeentloko zowesifazane ziveliswa ngokugqithiseleyo okanye ubuninzi banele, oku kubangela iingxaki.
Utshintsho kwinqanaba lezinto lichaphazelekayo ngolu hlobo:
- uxinzelelo;
- ukukhathala rhoqo;
- ukutshaya;
- ukusetyenziswa kakubi kotywala;
- ukukhuseleka komzimba;
- iintsholongwane kunye neebhaktheriya;
- uzuzo lwezinto;
- izidumbu;
- amanye amayeza.
Ihomoni ye-estrogen
Ezi zizinto ezibaluleke kakhulu. Ama-hormone ama-Steroidal aveliswa kuma-ovari kwaye anembopheleleko yomsebenzi wokuzala. I-Estrogens ithintela uphuhliso lwezitho zomzimba - ngaphakathi nangaphandle, - lawula umjikelezo wesini . Bayakwazi ukunciphisa umgangatho we-cholesterol egazini kunye nokuthintela i-atherosclerosis. Ukongezelela, i-estrogens yimi hormone yamabhinqa enoxanduva lokugcina ukulinganisela kwe-calcium, ukugcinwa kwamanzi kunye nokuvuselela i-immune system ukwenzela ukuvelisa iintsholongwane.
Hormone ye progesterone
Ixabiso eliveliswe kubomi besibini nabesilisa. Imisebenzi yayo ephambili ihambelana nommandla wesini. Ngokuqhelekileyo, i-hormone ye-hormone ye-hormone ibizwa ngokuthi i-hormone yokukhulelwa, kuba ilungiselela ugcino lwangaphakathi lwesisu kwaye inceda iqanda elityalwe kuyo ukuba lizuze, liyakuthanda ukuthwala umntwana. Kodwa oku akuyo yonke imisebenzi yayo. Phakathi kwezinye izinto, iprogesterone :
- uthatha inxaxheba ekuphuhlisweni kwezicubu ezahlukeneyo;
- khuthaza umveliso we-sebum;
- kunyusa uxinzelelo lwegazi;
- ulawula umjikelezo wesini (kuquka ukuyeka ngexesha lokukhulelwa).
IHormone estradiol
Into ephambili yeqela le-estrogens. Amahomoni eesifazana, ogama lakhe lingu "estradiol," liveliswa kuma-ovari kunye nase-placenta ngexesha lokukhulelwa. Zizona zinto zenza i-feminine ibhinqa. Ngaphantsi kwesenzo se-estradiol:
- ezinqeni ziba zihle;
- isithwathwa sezwi landa;
- zakha izicubu ezinamafutha angaphantsi, ngenxa yokuba isifuba sanda kunye namathanga ajikelezileyo;
- Umjikelezo wokuya esikhathini uya kubuya;
- Ama-ovane enza ifollicle;
- ulusu luba lube luthando, lube lugqibelele, lugqobileyo
IHormone oxytocin
Kuveliswa kwi-hypothalamus - isebe leengqondo, elilawula iinkqubo zokuxilonga emzimbeni, umsebenzi we-endocrine kunye nokuzala. Ukusuka kuyo, into evelisiweyo ihamba kwi-pituitary gland, kwaye esuka apho iya kwiinqanawa kuyo yonke indawo yomzimba. I-Oxytocin yi-hormone yothando. Yenza ukuba iimvakalelo zothando, uthando, isisa kunye noxolo, zichaphazela ukuziphatha komntu.
Xa, ngexesha lolwalamano, umfazi ngokukhawuleza uyaqonda ukuba ufuna ukudala intsapho kunye nomlingane wakhe - oku kunjalo ne-oxytocin. Iingcali zenzululwazi ziye zabonisa ukuba i-hormone yothando ithatha inxaxheba ekukhulelweni komntwana - "isebenzisa" i-spermatozoa kwiqanda. Kukwalawulwa kwakhona kwabasetyhini abasemagqabini, ukuba ukuphazamiseka ngokukhawuleza kuba buthathaka. Kwaye i-oxytocin ayiyekanga ukuphuhliswa ngexesha lokubeleka ngenxa yokutya okanye ukuvakalelwa, kubalulekile ukuba uhlale kwindawo ezolile kunye noxolo kwiholo.
IHormone testosterone
Kuqwalaselwa njengomntu, kuba ngobuninzi obunokutshintsha zonke iinkqubo ezenzeka kumzimba wowesifazane. I-Testosterone ithintela umfanekiso, imeko yeenwele, isikhumba. Ngokufanelekileyo, ukuba amahomoni angamadoda emzimbeni wesifazane aqhelekileyo. Kule meko, izihlunu ziya kuhlala zi-elastic and tonus, kwaye amathambo - anamandla. Ukufumana la mahomoni wesifazane kunye neminye imisebenzi. Zizo:
- kusebenze i-receptors yesini;
- phucula iimoya;
- kunciphisa izinga lokudandatheka ;
- kubangela uxolo loxolo nolwaneliseko;
- ukuphucula imemori, ukuxininiswa kwengqalelo.
IHormone thyroxine
I-hormone ephezulu, eveliswa yi-thyroid gland, inefuthe elisebenzayo kuzo zonke izitho kunye neenkqubo. Umsebenzi wezinto eziphilayo weli boda aphezulu. Kodwa ngaphantsi kwefuthe le-enzymes thyroxine - i-hormone ye-thyroid - iguqulwa ibe yi-T3 esebenzayo (triiodothyronine). Emva koko, loo nto ingena egazini kwaye isasazeka kwiiseli zomzimba, apho umsebenzi wayo oyintloko kukulawula ukukhula nokuphuhliswa kwezicubu kunye nokulawulwa kwe-metabolism.
IHormone norepinephrin
Kwakhona kuthiwa yi-hormone yesibindi kunye nomsindo. Kuphuhliswe kwi-adrenal gland kule mizuzu xa umntu ewela kwiimeko ezixinzelelekileyo. IiHormones zomzimba wesibhakabhaka-ngokukodwa i-norepinephrine-zinika ukuzithemba. Ngokuncediswa le nto, akukuhle kuphela ukuxinezeleka. Kunceda lula kwaye ukhewuleze ukucombulula imisebenzi eyahlukeneyo yemihla ngemihla, ukufumana iindlela zokuphuma kwiimeko ezingathandekiyo.
Ngamanye ama-hormone amabhinqa i-norepinephrine nawo abizwa ngokuba yimithombo yolonwabo kunye nokukhululeka. Isizathu kukuba banako ukunciphisa i- adrenaline . Ngenxa yoko, ukwesaba okubangelwa yile ndlela yokugqibela yokuphumula. Iinkqubo ezibalulekileyo ezifanayo ziqhelekileyo: i-pulse ibuyiselwe, uxinzelelo luyancipha, ukukhawuleza kwenani lentliziyo linciphisa.
Uhlalutyo lwamahomoni wesifazane
Amahomoni amaninzi athunyelwa ekufundeni imvelaphi ye-hormonal. Iqondo elitshintshileyo lamahomoni wesifazane libonisa ukuphazamiseka okuhlukeneyo ekusebenzeni komzimba. Into ephambili ukufumana iziphumo ezichanekileyo. Ukwenza oku, kuyadingeka ukuba uhambelane nemigaqo eqhelekileyo yokuthatha uhlalutyo nokulungiselela oko:
- Kubalulekile ukuqhuba inkqubo kwentsasa esiswini.
- Ukuqokelela ukunikela ngegazi kumahomoni amabhinqa, ngosuku ngaphambi kokuba uphando lulahle ngokupheleleyo utshwala, ukutshaya, ukwenza izinto eziphathekayo, isondo.
- Uhlalutyo kufuneka luphile ngokupheleleyo.
- Ukuba ibhinqa ithatha nayiphina imithi, iveki ngaphambi kokuthatha igazi, unyango okanye inkqubo yokukhusela kufuneka imiswe. Ukuba akunakwenzeka ukwenza oku, kubalulekile ukulumkisa ingcali malunga namayeza athathwe.
Kubalulekile ukuqwalasela ukuba ama hormone asebenzayo ahlukeneyo amabhinqa anikezelwa kwiintsuku ezahlukeneyo kumjikelezo wesini:
- Iprolactin , i-LH ne-FSH: iintsuku ezingama-3-5.
- I-Testosterone: iintsuku eziyi-8-10.
- I-Estradiol eneprogesterone: kwiintsuku ezingama-21-22 (okanye iintsuku ezi-7 emva kokugqithisa okucacileyo).
Nini ukufumana iimvavanyo zamahomoni amabhinqa?
Ukufundwa kwamahomoni amabhinqa kufuneka kwenziwe ngexesha lokucwangcisa ukukhulelwa kunye nokuba kukho ukusola ukungahambi kakuhle kwi-hormonal system. Izizathu zokuthatha uvavanyo lwegazi kumahomoni amabhinqa zinokuqwalaselwa:
- ukukhulelwa kwesisu;
- ukungabikho;
- ukuphulwa komjikelezo wesini;
- izifo zeengcambu zentloko;
- intsimbi;
- iingxaki kwimisebenzi yeentso;
- ubuninzi beenwele emzimbeni;
- ubuninzi okanye ubuncinane besisindo.
Amahomoni eesifazana - eziqhelekileyo
Iziphumo zovavanyo lwegazi kufuneka zichazwe ngutitshala. Ngokwalo, isigulane sinokuqonda kuphela ukuba yeyiphi ihomoni yamabhinqa ayenayo, kwaye ayilona:
- Inani elivumelekileyo le-FSH liyahluka ngexesha lomjikelezo. Kwizigaba zokuqala kufuneka kube ngowama-3 ukuya ku-11 mU / ml, kamva-ukusuka kwi-10 ukuya kwi-45 mU / ml, ekupheleni - ukusuka ku-1.5 ukuya kwi-7 mU / ml.
- I-LH ekuqaleni komjikelezo iqulethwe kwisixa semali yesi-2 ukuya kwe-14 mU / ml. Ukusondela phakathi kwabo kuninzi - ukususela kwi-24 ukuya kwi-150 mU / ml, kwaye ekupheleni kwe-less - ukusuka kwi-2 ukuya kwi-17 mU / ml.
- I-Estradiol kwisigaba sokulandelela isingama-110 ukuya kwi-330 ntol / l, emva koko izinga le-hormone landa ukuya kwi-477 ukuya ku-1174 ntol / l kwaye liwela kuma-257 ukuya ku-734 ntol / l.
- Iprogesterone kumzimba wesibhozo kufuneka ivela kwi-0.32 ukuya ku-56.63 i-nmol / l. Xa ukhulelwe, ama-indices aphakama ukuya ku-771.5 i-nmol / l, kwaye emva kokuqala kokuziyeka kwexesha akufanele ibe ngaphezu kwe-0.64 nmol / l.
- Isiqhelo seprolactin ngenyanga: 130 - 540 i-microU / ml, kunye nexesha lokuphela kwesisu - ukusuka kwi-107 ukuya ku-290 i-microU / ml.
Ukungabikho kwamahomoni amabhinqa
Utshintsho kwimvelaphi ye-hormonal luya kwenzeka ngezizathu ezahlukeneyo. Umgangatho wezinto uchatshazelwa yi-heredity, utshintsho oluzelelwe ekudleni, ukutywala ixesha elide ngamachiza athile, iimvumi, imikhwa emibi nangaphezulu. Cinga ngendlela yokwandisa ama-hormone amabhinqa, uyafuneka xa ubona iimpawu ezifana nalezi:
- ukukhathala ngokukhawuleza;
- ukungabikho okanye ukunciphisa ngokukhawuleza kwe-libido;
- izibandezelo zomjikelezo wesini;
- iingxaki zokukhulelwa komntwana;
- ukutshatyalaliswa kwamathambo;
- ukungabikho;
- ukungabikho kwe-ovulation;
- ukubonakala kweemfihlo ezivela kwiingcambu zentloko;
- ukukhula kweenwele ezisebenzayo kumqolo, ubuso;
- iingxaki zesikhumba;
- neurosis;
- ukucaphuka;
- ukuvuvuka okungapheliyo kwezesondo;
- Ukubonakala ngokungafunekiyo kwamanqaku atyululwe elukhumbeni;
- ukumisa kweembrane ezinqabileyo;
- kulala;
- ukujuluka okukhulu.
Ungaphatha amahomoni ahlazileyo ngeendlela ezininzi:
- Unokubuyisela imvelaphi ye-hormonal ngoncedo lwamacwecwe. Kodwa kufuneka baqeshwe ngutitshala, ngokuqwalasela zonke iimpawu zomzimba.
- Xa ama-hormonal ukungalingani kufuneka ahambelane nokutya okunempilo. Ukutya okunokulinganisela okufanelekileyo kunokuba nefuthe elifanayo kunye namayeza. Kufuneka ifake imifuno, izithelo, intlanzi kunye nezitya zenyama. Amahomoni eesetyhini ekudleni afakwe kwisixa esincinci, kodwa okwaneleyo ukubuyisela imvelaphi ye-hormonal ejwayelekile.
- Kuyinto enqwenelekayo ukukhusela kwiimeko ezixinzelelekileyo. Ukuba kuyimfuneko - ngoncedo lwabaxinzelelekanga.
- Ukukhuthaza ukubuyiswa kwemvelaphi ye-hormonal ye-hobby. Umsebenzi ozithandayo uletha iimvakalelo ezintle. Kwaye oku kunemiphumo emihle kwimvelaphi ye-hormonal.
- Kunqweneleka kakhulu ukuyeka imikhwa emibi. Kubandakanywa nokusetyenziswa kwekhofi. Ukusetyenziswa kakubi kwe-caffeine kubangele ukuba kubakho ukungabikho kwamahomoni wesifazane.
Ukugqitha kwamahomoni amabhinqa
Inani eligqithiseleyo lezinto lichaphazela impilo ngokungafanelekanga. Oku kunokubangela ukuphulwa kwe-ovulation, umjikelezo wesisemkhatsini, ukusasazeka kwe-endometrium (eline-hyperplasia). Kukho ama-hormone amabhinqa aneempawu ezifana nalezi:
- ukunciphisa umjikelezo;
- ubunzima emilenzeni;
- ukubonakaliswa kwemifuno engafanelekanga;
- migraines;
- ukuvuvukala;
- uzuze ngokukhawuleza;
- ukuvakalelwa kwesibindi esifubeni;
- ukwandiswa kweengxowa;
- kunyusa uxinzelelo lwegazi;
- ukuphuma kwegazi okungapheliyo;
- ukulahlekelwa kweenwele;
- intsimbi;
- ukunqongophala kwesifiso sesondo;
- eziphelileyo.
Ukukhethwa kwonyango kuxhomekeke kwimbangela yokwanda kwendawo yangaphandle. Ezinye izigulana zifuna amahomoni amabhinqa kwiipilisi, ngelixa abanye bangakwazi ukujamelana nale ngxaki ngaphandle kokuhlinzwa. Ukuze uchonge ngokukhawuleza ukuphulwa nokukhawulelana ngokukhawuleza, kufuneka uhambe rhoqo kwiimviwo zokukhusela kwi-gynecologist kwaye uthathe iimvavanyo ezifanelekileyo.