I-Hemodialysis yindlela yokuhlambulula igazi kwiimveliso ezinobuthi ezinobungozi emzimbeni ekuhlulekeni komzimba. I-hemodialysis, ifowuni eyaziwayo kubantu njengentliziyo yokusebenza, isetyenzi se-hemodialysis.
Iimpawu ze-hemodialysis
Izibonakaliso zenkqubo ziyizifo zengwenya, ngenxa yoko ukuhlanjululwa kwegazi okwenziwe kwizinto eziyimfuneko kubalulekile. Ezi zi:
- ukungaphumeleli komnyoba kunye nesimo esingapheliyo sesifo;
- iintlobo ezinzima zokutyhefuza ngamathunya anakho ukungena kumlenze we-hemodialysis;
- utyhefu;
- utshintsho lwezifo kwi-electrolytes egazini;
- ukunyanzeliswa kwamalungu (i-cerebral edema, i-edema ye-pulmona).
Kwimeko yokufumanisa ukungaphumeleli kweentliziyo ezibuhlungu, iinkqubo ezininzi ze-hemodialysis ngamanye amaxesha ziyimfuneko, ukwenzela ukuba ilungu libuyiselwe kwaye umntu uyabuyiselwa.
Isalathisi esiphezulu se-hemodialysis emva kokuba sonke isigaba sokugqibela sokungaphumeleli kwezintso. Isetyenziselwa ukukhulula imeko yesigulane nokunyusa ubomi, xa umzimba ungasakwazi ukwenza umsebenzi wayo wokuhlambulula igazi. Umbuzo uvela malunga nokuba bangaphi abantu abahlala kwi-hemodialysis. Iyeza zanamhlanje zibiza umqondiso wesilinganiso-iminyaka engama-20-25.
Isondlo se-hemodialysis yeengtso
Emva kokuqhuba inkqubo enjalo, kubaluleke kakhulu ukulandela ukutya, imigaqo-siseko elandelayo ilandelayo:
- Ukunciphisa okanye, ngamanye amaxesha, ugqibe ukukhutshwa ngaphandle kweetyuwa.
- Ulawulo olunzulu lomthamo osetyenziswayo.
- Ukwandisa iprotheni yokudla (xa kuthelekiswa nexesha langaphambili le-dialysis).
- Ukunciphisa kwimveliso yokutya, ephezulu kwi potassium kunye ne-phosphorus.
Mhlawumbi inzima kakhulu kule ndlela yokutya yimiqathango yokusetyenziswa kwamanzi. Isiqhelo, esisungulwe ngexesha eliphakathi kwe-dialysis, libalwa ngokulula - akufanele lidlule umthamo we-urine imihla ngemihla kunye ne-0.5 liters ngaphezu koko. Lo mgangatho uquka utywala oluqulethwe kwiisobho, izandi, izithelo, izitya zobisi. Ukuguqulwa kwesisindo, malunga no-2 kg kwinqanaba lokunyuka, lithetha ngokusetyenziswa kakubi komkhuhlane kunye nokulibaziseka kwalo umzimba. Ukunciphisa ukoma, unako ukusondla iqhekeza leqhwa, elingenako kuphela kumanzi, kodwa nakubisi. Iqhekeza le-lemon igalelo ekunyuseni ukunyuka, okuya kunceda ukukhulula ukoma.
Ukuthintela okanye, ukuba kunokwenzeka, ukulahla ngokupheleleyo ityuwa yetyuwa kukhokelela ekunciphiseni ukoma. Izitya ze-Salting zingcono kwifom elungiselelwe. Ukutshintsha i-ityuwa, ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa ingcamango yesitya, ungasebenzisa i-seasonings, iqabunga le-bay, ipipi, njl.
Ngexesha le-interdialysis, amandla omzimba ukuqokelela i-potassium kunokukhokelela kwimiphumo ebuhlungu. Ngoko ke, njengetyuwa, ukusetyenziswa kweemveliso eziqukethe i-potassium kufuneka kulandelwe. Ezi zinto zifana:
- ubisi oluphuphuma;
- imifuno (ubhontshisi, iitapile, amakhowe kunye nesipinashi);
- iziqhamo (ubhanana, izithelo ezomileyo, i-rhubarb, iinqutyana);
- iziphuzo (ikhofi, iwayini, i-cocoa);
- isonka, i-bran, i-pastry, ene-cocoa.
Imifuno ngaphambi kokuba idle iphekwe ngokugqithiseleyo kumanzi amaninzi okanye, uthathe izicucu ezincinci, cwina iiyure eziyi-8-10.
Ukwandisa izinga le-phosphorus emzimbeni womntu ngexesha elithile kunokubangela ukuphazamiseka kwinkqubo ye-calcium metabolism kunye nomonakalo wethambo. Kufuneka silumke malunga nokusebenzisa le mveliso:
- ushizi;
- ngemveliso (intsholongwane, izintso, intliziyo);
- intlanzi edibeneyo neyosiweyo, i-caviar;
- tshokoleji
- isikhupha seqanda.
Iiprotheyini kufuneka zibe ngama-60 ukuya kuma-150 amagremu ngosuku kwaye ziqulethe iintlobo zenyama (i-veal, i-rabbit, turkey, inkukhu).
Ukungqinelana kwi-hemodialysis
Musa ukwenza inkqubo yokuhlanjululwa kwegazi ukuba ezi zilandelayo zibonakaliso okanye ukugula kwenzeka:
- uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphantsi;
- Ukugawula kwegazi eliphantsi (oku kuphazamiseka ukuphuma kwegazi);
- izifo ze-cardiovascular system, apho i-hemodialysis inokubangela ukonakala kwesimo somguli;
- ukuvutha;
- i-oncology;
- isifo sengqondo.