Esinye sezifo ezingabonakaliyo kwaye eziyingozi yi-amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Esi sifo kubangelwa ukukhubazeka kweentlobo ezininzi zomzimba womntu, ngeli xesha ukuqonda kuya kuhlala kucacileyo. Umzekelo ogqwesileyo ngowona owaziwayo onguchwepheshe wefilosofi uStephen Hawking, ongumzekelo obalaseleyo, ekubeni i-amyotrophic sclerosis ihlala ikhokelela ekufeni kwiminyaka engama-3-5, kunye no-Hawking bakwazi ukuzinzisa ixesha elide.
Iimpawu eziphambili ze-amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
Kuza kube namhlanje, izazinzulu azizange zikwazi ukubeka iinjongo ezichanekileyo ze-amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Abanye bacinga ukuba lesi sifo siba nefa, ezinye-iintsholongwane. Ngenxa yokuba i-ALS iyenzeka malunga nabantu aba-3 kwi-10 000 kwaye iqhubela phambili ngokukhawuleza, ukufundwa kweempawu kunzima kakhulu. Kukho ubungqina bokuba i-amyotrophic lateral sclerosis ivela kwimvelaphi engezantsi, kodwa kwimeko nganye izizathu zesifo ziyakwazi ukuhluka kwaye azihlali zicacile.
Isi sifo asikwazi ukucwangciswa kunye novavanyo olubanzi, ngoko ke i-tomography ekhompyutheni kule nto ayinikezeli. Ukuxilongwa kwe-amyotrophic lateral sclerosis kusekelwe kuhlalutyo oluncinci lweeseli ze-cortex ye-cerebral kunye nesiqalo sonke socerebrospinal cord. Kule ndlela kuphela esi sifo sinokuqatshelwa kwaye sihluke kwezinye izilonda zesistim se-central neempawu ezifanayo.
Kwimigangatho yokuqala, i-ALS ihamba ngokungaqondakaliyo, ingabonakaliswa kuphela yinkxwaba yeengalo kunye nokudideka kwentetho. Ngokuhamba kwexesha, iimpawu ziya kuthiwa:
- ukukhubazeka okhethekileyo kwezihlunu ezithile, okanye izitho ezingezantsi;
- umlinganiselo wokulinganisela uhlahloka;
- kuqhuma;
- zomeleza iingcamango ezinzulu;
- kukho ukukhawuleza nokungalawulekiyo kokuhleka, okanye ukukhala;
- ukunqunyulwa kweenyawo;
- I-Atrophy yemisipha yamabhande kunye ne-hip belts, umshicileli;
- Intetho ayinakulungiswa kwaye ayifumanekanga;
- ukuphefumula;
- kukho ubuthathaka noxinzelelo .
Ukuxilongwa kokugqibela kwenziwa emva kweempawu ezingabonakaliyo zokutshatyalaliswa kweemononeurons eziphambili kunye nendawo. Oku kuthetha ukuba inkqubo yokutshatyalaliswa kwee-neurons iqalise kwaye kungekudala izaliswe ukukhubazeka. Ngokuqhelekileyo kude kube ngolu hlobo, izigulane aziphili, njengoko ukufa kuvela ngenxa yobunzima bomsebenzi wokuphefumula ngenxa ye-atrophy yezihlunu ezihambelanayo.
Unyango lwe-amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
Ekubeni kungekho zizathu zokuphuhliswa kwesifo, unyango lwawo alusebenzi. Unganciphisa inkqubo encinci, usebenzisa ulwaphulo olusekelayo ukulungiselela ukubonakaliswa kwayo. Okokuqala kukho konke ukukhathazeka ngokufakelwa umoya kwemiphunga. Le ndlela isetyenziswa ngokusisisigxina eNtshona kwaye ivumela ukwandisa ubomi besigulane iminyaka emi-5-10. Kwamanye amazwe asekuqaleni kweCIS, le nqubo ayisetyenzisiwe ngenxa yeendleko eziphezulu zezixhobo.
Kukho iyeza elilodwa kuphela elingazincipha ukuqhubeka kwesifo. Le yiRiluzol, equka i-rilutec. Iyeka ukuveliswa kwegulamate yesigulane ngumzimba, ngenxa yoko umonakalo owenzela i-motoneurons uba yinto ebalulekileyo. U-Riluzole usetyenziswe ukususela ngo-1995 e-US nakumazwe amaninzi eYurophu, kodwa le chiza alikabhaliswa kwaye ayisetyenziswanga.
Nangona ukwazi ukufumana iyeza, ungalindelanga ukuba kuya kuthintela kakhulu isi sifo. Ngokomyinge, unyango lweRiluzole ususa isidingo sokudibanisa i- ventilator malunga neenyanga.