I-cecum ine-appendix yesondlo esenza umsebenzi wokukhusela. Isihlomelo sisebenza njengoluhlobo "lwefama" kunye nokugcinwa kwee-microorganisms ezenza i-microflora efanelekileyo. Ukuvuvukala kwesi sihlomelo yinkqubo exhaphakileyo yentsholongwane yokutya, idinga ukungenelela kwangangoko kwangoko.
I-Appendicitis - izizathu
Iimeko ezibangela ukuba isifo esibuzwayo asikasekwa. Iingcali zibonisa ukuba kutheni i-appendicitis ivela - izizathu zihlukaniswa ngamaqela amane ngokwemiqathango enokuthi i-pathogens yenkqubo yokuvuvukala:
- o matshini;
- sulela;
- i-cardiovascular;
- endocrine.
Iimbangela ze-appendicitis
Ingcamango ephambili yokuphuhliswa kwesifo esichazwayo kukungabikho (ukuvalwa) kwesihlomelo. Oku kubangela ukuqokelelwa kwe-mucus kunye nama-microorganism kwisihlomelo. Yandisa ngobungakanani, ingcinezelo ngaphakathi ikhula kunye nokuvutha kuqala. I-appendicitis enobuchule inokuvela kwimvelaphi yokucinywa kwesihlomelo sesalathisi (amatye aphikisayo), iginyile izidumbu zangaphandle, i-helminths kunye ne-tumor (carcinoid).
Ngamanye amaxesha inqubo yokuvuvukala yenza i-startbo yayo ngenxa ye-inflexion yelungu ngo-fusion cicatricial ngenxa yezinye izifo eziswini lomzimba:
- enteritis ;
- i-colitis;
- adnexitis;
- cholecystitis;
- peritilita;
- ukwakheka kwamanyathelo.
Ngokutsho kweengcamango ezisele zokubonakala kwe-appendicitis, ikhula phantsi kwefuthe lezinto ezinjalo:
- ukusuleleka kwi-appendim ye-vermiform ene-microbes;
- vasculitis;
- i-secretion eyimfuneko ye-hormone serotonin.
I-appendicitis engapheliyo-izizathu
Le fomu yesifo isifo esivuthayo sesilathisi, ngaphandle kwempawu ezithile. Uninzi oogqirha abaphika i-appendicitis engapheliyo njengento. Abanye oogqirha basungula ukuxilongwa okunjalo, ukuluhlula ngohlobo oluphambili nolwesibini. Iimbangela zeenkqubo zokuvuvukala ezingenayo zi:
- Izifo ezinobulunga kwi-organ ephantsi;
- utshintsho oluthile emva kwesifo esibuhlungu ngaphandle kokususwa kwesihlomelo.
Iimpawu ze-appendicitis
Ukususela ekufumaneni ngexesha elifanelekileyo le-pathology ekuthethwa ngayo, impumelelo yonyango lwayo incike. Umntu ngamnye kufuneka akhumbule ukuba yiziphi iimpawu ze-appendicitis ezibonwa kuqala. Oku kuya kukunceda ngokukhawuleza ukukrokra ukuvuvukala kwaye ufune uncedo olufanelekileyo. Ngaphandle koko, kuya kuba ne-appendicitis eyinkimbinkimbi - iimpawu zesimo esibi sesi sifo ziya kunyuka kwaye zikhokelela kwimiphumo eyingozi. Ukungabikho kwonyango lwangonyango kwiimeko ezinjalo kubangele imeko ezinzima kakhulu, ngamanye amaxesha kubonakala nokuba ukufa kuya kwenzeka.
Impawu zokuqala ze-appendicitis
Umfanekiso oqhelekileyo wekliniki wesi sifo uqala ngengqondo engathandekiyo kwingingqi yesisu, ngokuhlwa ngokuhlwa okanye ebusuku. Isibonakaliso sokuqala se-appendicitis sibuhlungu bubuhlungu obufana ne-gastritis. Ngenxa yobunzima beli bonakaliso, umntu akangxamanga ukuya eklinikhi. Kukho ezinye iimpawu ezihamba ne-appendicitis - iimpawu zokuqala:
- isicefe
- ukuhlanza (amaxesha angama-1-2);
- buthathaka;
- i-malaise;
- umlomo owomileyo.
Iimpawu ze-appendicitis
Emva kwesigaba sokuqala, i-pathology iyaqhubeka, kwaye umfanekiso wayo weklinikhi uvakaliswa ngokucacileyo. Ubunzima obunesixhobo sokusebenza luba nzima, luyifake okanye luxine. Ukuphazamiseka akuvakalelwa kuphela kwiziko, kodwa nakwimeko yesisu esezantsi. I-appendicitis, iimpawu, zibonakala ngakumbi kwiiyure ezimbalwa ezilandelayo:
- ukwanda kwindleko yomzimba ngaphakathi kwama-37-38 degrees;
- Ukungabi ncamango kokutya (anorexia);
- ukuphika isisu esinzima;
- iintliziyo zentliziyo (tachycardia), ukuya kwi-90 beats ngomzuzu;
- ukucima;
- iingubo ezimhlophe ngolwimi.
Iimpawu ze-appendicitis engapheliyo
Ukubonakaliswa kwezitholampilo zendlela epholileyo yokutshabalala akuyona nto ingabonakaliyo, ingaba isimo sezinye izifo zesigca esiswini. Iimpawu ze-appendicitis engapheliyo:
- iziphazamiso zesitopu, njengokuzibamba, kunye nehudo;
- isicongconi, ngokukodwa emva kokuzikhandla ngokomzimba kunye nokungahambi kakuhle kokutya;
- ukutya okubuthathaka;
- ukucaphuka;
- iintlungu zesisu esiswini.
Indlela yokuchonga i-appendicitis?
Kuphela ugqirha ofanelekileyo unokuqinisekisa ubungqina beprogram yokuvuvukala kwisihlomelo. Nangona ukwazi ukuba yiliphi icala kwicandelwana (eliphantsi kwesisu), kwaye apho ukucinezela khona iisampula zomzimba, akunakukunceda ngokuchanekileyo ukuxilonga kwesi sifo. Kwamanye abantu, ilungu elingaphansi lihlala kwindawo e-atypical, kwaye i-palpation engafanelekanga ihlala ikhupha umonakalo okanye idilike kwiindonga zesihlomelo.
Kukho ubuchule obuninzi bezobuchwepheshe bokuqaphela i-appendicitis:
- Uphawu lukaMendel. Xa uthetha ngomnwe wodonga lwesisu sangaphakathi, intlungu kwindawo yelungelo elungileyo landa.
- ISimptom Sitkovsky. Ukukhathazeka kunzima xa umntu ejika ekhohlo.
- Isibonakaliso sePhevalsky. Kunzima ukuba isiguli siphakamise umlenze wakhe osekunene.
- Isibonakaliso seShchetkin-Blumberg. Intlungu ekhulayo kunye nokucima ngokukhawuleza emva kokucinezelwa.
- Isibonakaliso sokucaphukisa i-peritoneum. Ukukhathazeka okukhulu ngexesha lokukrazula, ukuhleka, ukukhwehlela, ukuhamba nokugubha.
Ukuqinisekiswa kokugqibela kwesifo sokuxilongwa, kukho imisebenzi emininzi eyenziwa:
- ukuhlolwa kwegazi (iikliniki, i-biochemical), iifesi, umchamo;
- ikhogram;
- uvavanyo lwe-ultrasound;
- i radiography;
- Irrigoscopy;
- tomography;
- electrocardiogram.
Uncedo lokuqala kunye ne-appendicitis
Ukuba ukutshitshiswa kwesihlomelo se-cecum kukhankanywa, iqela lezokwelapha kufuneka libizwe ngoko nangoko. Kwifowuni kubalulekile ukunika ingxelo yokuba isiguli sifanele sibe ne-appendicitis-ichaza iimpawu kwiinkcukacha ezininzi, ukucacisa imeko kunye nenhlalakahle yomntu. Ngaphambi kokufika kweengcali, akukho zamebe ezizimeleyo kunyango kufuneka zenziwe.
Uncedo oluphuthumayo nge-appendicitis:
- Faka ixhoba kwindawo ephezulu.
- Ukubonelela ngesigulane uxolo kwengqondo.
- Musa ukunika amanzi, ukutya, amayeza.
- Akuvumelekile ukubeka umonakalo, ukubeka ubushushu kwisisu.
I-appendicitis - operation
Indlela yonyango yokunyanga i-pathology echazwe yinto yokukhwela iqumrhu elivuthayo. Ukususwa kokutshintshwa kwesihlomelo kwenziwa ngokusetyenziswa kwe-anesthesia kwaye kufuna ukulungiswa kwangaphambili kwesigulane. Ngethuba lokusebenza, isigulane sisilwe nge-saline yomzimba kunye namachiza omzimba. Oku kuyimfuneko ukunciphisa ubukhulu bokuvuvukala nokukhusela intsholongwane ngexesha nangemva kokuhlinzwa. Ukongezelela, ukuhlanjululwa kwesisu kunye nokuhlanjululwa kwamathumbu kwenziwa.
Inguqu eqhelekileyo yokususwa kwesithasiselo yi-appendectomy ye-laparotopic. Yenziwa ngokubanzi phantsi kwe-anesthesia jikelele kunye nokubonelela ngokukhawuleza kwilungu eliphantsi ngokusika udonga lwesisu esisecaleni eliphantsi. Siyabulela kwimpumelelo yezobugcisa zanamhlanje, kukho enye, ingcipheko encinci, indlela yokuchongeka kwesihlomelo.
Ukususwa kwesithasiselo ngeendlela zeparoscopic
Le ndlela yonyango inika ilahleko encinci yegazi, inqanda ukubunjwa kwezikhonkwane ezinkulu kunye nokunamathela kwisigxina esiswini. Ukususwa kwe-Laparoscopic kwesihlomelo kuqinisekisa ukukhathazeka okufutshane kwizicubu ezincinci kunye nesikhumba, okunciphisa ixesha lokubuyisela. Ngokweengxelo zanamhlanje, olu hlobo lwenkqubo alufanekanga lubangele iingxaki.
Ukungenelela okunjalo kukungeniswa kwisisu esiswini se-carbon dioxide (ukulungiselela indawo efanelekileyo kunye nokufikelela kumaziko emzimbeni) kunye nezixhobo eziguquguqukayo ezinekhampani ezincinci ngokusebenzisa imigodi emininzi. Ugqirha ubona isihlomelo esingaphakathi ngaphakathi kwikhompyutheni yekhompyutheni, kwaye uyasusa ngenyameko inkqubo evuliwe usebenzisa abasebenzisi. Iqumrhu elityebileyo lifunyenwe ngenye yezimbobo ezenziwe.
Ukubuyiswa emva kokususwa kwesihlomelo
Ngaphakathi kweentsuku ezingama-1-2 ukususela ngexesha lotyando oluphumayo lokuphumla okulalayo, ukuphuma ebhedini kuvunyelwe kuphela ngosuku lwesithathu. Kubalulekile ukuba umthunzi emva kwe-appendicitis awuhlakazeli. Kwiiveki ezingama-6 ezalandelayo, izihlunu ziya kutshabalala, malunga nemvelaphi apho ingozi yokunamathela kunye ne-hernias iyanda. Ukuthintela iingxaki, umsebenzi wokwenyama ukhula ngokuthe ngcembe, ukuphakamisa isisindo, imidlalo esebenzayo kunye nokusebenza kanzima ayifakiwe. Ukukhawuleza ukuphilisa nokukhusela ukuhlukana kwe-sutures kuncedwa ngokugqoka i-bandage ekhethekileyo.
Ukongeza kokunciphisa umzimba, isigulane sidinga:
- Ukutyelela rhoqo umgqirha kunye nodokotela ogqirha kwiimviwo eziqhelekileyo.
- Ukubeka esweni imeko yamanxeba angemva kokusebenza.
- Ukucwangcisa iisekisi, ukuya kwiingubo zokugqoka.
- Emva komonakalo ogqithisayo, amagrafu enamafutha kunye nokulungiselela amalungiselelo eendaba.
Ukutya emva kwe-appendicitis
Ukusetyenziswa ngokuzimeleyo kokutya kuvunyelwe kuphela ngomhla wesithathu wokusebenza. Kwiiyure ezingama-72 ezalandelayo, ukutya emva kokususwa kwesihlomelo kufaka kuphela ukutya okumanzi kunye nama-mushy. Ukutya kunye nokusela:
- imifuno, kungekhona umhluzi wenkukhu onamandla;
- ubisi obisi;
- i-puree kwimifuno;
- amajusi ahlanjululwa ngamanzi;
- i-porridge yamanzi;
- umhluzi we-dogrose;
- imfuyo, itiye emnyama ebuthathaka.
Ukususela ngomhla we-6 imenyu iya kwandisa, unokusebenzisa:
- isobho;
- iimveliso zobisi kunye nomxholo weoli ophantsi;
- iintlobo zenyama okanye intlanzi, i-steamed okanye ibilisiwe, kwifom etyumkileyo;
- iphalaji emanzini;
- imifuno kunye neziqhamo ezihlambulukileyo;
- ibhanana;
- isonka;
- jelly.
Kwiinyanga ezi-2-4 emva kwe-appendicitis, kubalulekile ukulandela ubunzima kwaye ulandele iziphakamiso zokuqulunqwa kwesantya:
- Kukho rhoqo kunye ncinane ncinane.
- Sebenzisa kuphela ukutya okufudumeleyo, kungabi kubanda kwaye kungabi kushushu.
- Ukunciphisa naziphi na iimveliso ezifaka isandla ekuhlaleni emathunjini - izityalo, iklabishi, i-marinades, i-pickles, iimveliso zokutshaya.
- Ungabandakanyi "ukutya okunzima" inyama - inqatha inyama, intlanzi, ukutya okuthosiweyo, isobho ezinamandla kunye neesobho ezisekelwe kuzo.
- Musa ukusela utywala, isoda.
Buyela kwimenyu eyaziwayo ukuba umntu kufuneka ahambe ngokuthe ngcembe kwaye aphuze. Iingcali zicebisa ukuba ziqhubeke nokuhambelana nemigangatho yesondlo esifanelekileyo, ukugcina ukutya okupheleleyo kunye nokulinganisela. Oku kuya kunceda ukuqinisa umzimba wokuzikhusela kunye nokubuyisela ukulinganisela kwe-microflora kumathumbu, okuchaphazelekayo kwinkqubo yokuvuvukala.
I-Appendicitis - iingxaki
Imiphumo emibi ivela kwimvelaphi yokugula okungahoywa okanye ukungabikho kolononophelo olwaneleyo. Iingxaki zivame ukubonwa ukuba i-appendicitis ifunyenwe emva kwexesha - iimpawu ezingabanjwanga kwixesha lokuqala lokuqhubela phambili kwaye ziphulukise ukusasazeka kwayo. Ngenxa yoko, inqubo yesifo se-pathological passes to organs and tissues, isifo sofayo sisenzeka.
Emva kokususwa kwe-appendicitis ezi ziphumo ziyingozi:
- i-peritonitis (ukuvuvukala kwesisu esiswini);
- isifo sobambiso ;
- ukuphuma kwangaphakathi;
- Ikhefu le-pendicular of the stomace (esiswini esipheleleyo kwi-capsule egcwele i-pus);
- ukungena kwe-bacteria ye-pathogenic egazini;
- ukuphuka kwesihlomelo kunye nokuphuma kwezinto eziqulethwe kuyo, kubandakanywa izilwanyana kunye nokugqitha, kwisithuba esiswini;
- ukuvuvukala kwesisu se-portal yesibindi, sinokuhlambuluka (pylephlebitis);
- i-thromboembolism - ukunqanda umkhumbi wegazi nge-thrombus;
- i-phlegmon ye-retroperitoneal space;
- I-Periapendicular infiltrate (ukuhlanganiswa kwesihlomelo kunye namalungu azungezile);
- i-thrombophlebitis yeemvini zeeplasvis encinci;
- ukuxhaswa kwamanxeba aqhekezayo;
- ukuhlukana komthunzi;
- i-appendicitis enobudenge okanye engapheliyo.