Eyaziwayo phakathi kwabalimi yi-okra yesityalo esingaqhelekanga, esakhula kwimbewu apho-umsebenzi awunzima, kodwa ifuna iimeko ezithile. Kwi-pulp yale mifuno iqukethe iiprotheni ezininzi kunye namavithamini, i-ascorbic kunye ne-folic acid, isinyithi, isetyenziselwa ngempumelelo ukupheka, i-cosmetology kunye neyeza (ingakumbi luncedo kubantu abanesifo sikashukela).
Yintoni i-plant ye-okra ibonakala ngathi?
Ukuze uqonde uhlobo luni lwemifuno engavumelekanga, zama ukucinga umxube we-zucchini, ipilisi yepilisi kunye nomtya weembotyi. Isityalo sonyaka sifinyelela ukuphakama kwama-40 cm ukuya kwiimitha ezimbini (kunye neemeko ezimnandi zezulu kunye nokukhula okufanelekileyo) Isiqhamo sinobukhulu, sibunjwa njengebhodi elinomhlaba obomvu obunzima (i-cylindrical elongated with end edge), kunye neepeas ngaphakathi, unqamle-kubonakala ngathi i-pentagon ene-openworkwork.
I-okra engqiniswanga
Kukho iintlobo ezininzi ze-okra, kwimvelaphi eyahlukileyo (ukhetho lwangaphandle noluntu lwasekhaya), ukukhula, ubukhulu bomntwana, umbala walo, iimeko ezikhulayo. Njengomzekelo, sinika inkcazo yamabakala e-okra, eyona nto ixhaphakileyo kwiindawo zethu:
- I-Sopilka (ukuvuthwa kwe-mid-mature). Isityalo silinganisane, isityalo sikhula ukusuka kwi-100 kuya kwi-110 cm, ububanzi bayo bufike kwi-2.65 cm. Isiqhamo sihlanu, si-hexagonal, sikhula sibe ngama-20 cm ubude.
- IDibrova (ephakathi kokuvuthwa). Iintlobo zincinci, ukuphakama kufinyelela kuma-80 cm, ububanzi be-stem ngu-2 cm. Isiqhamo sinokuthi sibe neenkalo ezi-7-9, sikhula sibe ngu-21 cm ubude. Kunconywa ukuba kuvulwe umhlaba, i-ovary isetyenziselwa ukutya okunomsoco.
Abameli abancinci benkcubeko yemifuno, eguqulelwe kwiimeko zethu ezikhulayo kunye nenhlabathi, zinjalo iintlobo:
- I-velvet eVelvet, i-velvet eluhlaza-iyabonakala kwimifuno yethu yemifuno, ifanelekile ngakumbi, ngokungafaniyo neentlanga zangaphandle.
- I-velvet ebomvu yintlobo yexesha elide, ixabiso elihle, i-fruiting iqala emva kweentsuku ezingama-70
- I-Blondie-ibhekisela kwiintlobo zokuvuthwa kwangaphambili, ezithembisayo, ezixhatshazwayo kubanda
- Inkwenkwezi kaDavide - eyona nto ibanzi, ininzi, iziqhamo ezimfutshane, ukuya kwi-8 cm.
Ukutshala i-okra kunye nembewu
Ngaphambili, kwinyanga kunye nesiqingatha, ngaphambi kokutyala i-okra emhlabathini, hlwayela imbewu kulezi zixhobo ezilungiselelwe ngaphambili. Kunengqiqo ukuqala ukulungiswa kwiminyaka yokuqala yesibini okanye yesibini ka-Epreli. Ukulungelelaniswa (okufakwe kwiiyure ezimbini) imbewu ezityalwe kwibhokisi elungiselelwe (isitya), kwi-1.5 cm enzulu, ukubeka ingilazi phezulu okanye ukulula ifilimu ebonakalayo.
Njengomhlaba, thabatha umhlaba, i-peat kunye nesihlabathi esixutywe kwi-2: 2: 1, ishintshwe kwi-oven. Enye yezona ndlela ezikhethileyo yilapho ukunyuka kweembewu ze-okra ezivela kwiimbande zenziwe kwiikomityi ngeepeat, ezimbini okanye ezintathu (ukushiya enye inhluma, inamandla kakhulu). Zifanele zifakwe kwisitya esiqhelekileyo kunye nesigqubuthelo (njengoko kuchaziwe ngasentla). Kulo mhlaba olungiselelwe, tshala izityalo ngqo kwiiglasi, ngoko iingcambu zesityalo ziya kuthinteka kakhulu.
I-okra ye-Landing evulekile
Ngaphambi kokutyala i-okra ukusuka kwimbewu kwindawo evulekile, ubambe imbewu kwiiyure ezimbalwa emanzini ashisayo okanye kwisisombululo esisetyenziselwa ukukhuthaza ukukhula kweengcambu. Ukuhamba kufuneka kwenziwe emva kokuba umhlaba ushushu ngokufudumala. Emva kokuba wenze imichibi obunzulu obungaphantsi kwe 3-4 cm, uthele kakuhle kwaye udibanise imbewu engu-2-3 kwisinye, ufefe umhlaba. Umgama phakathi kwekhefu lokungena kwe-25-30 cm (ukuba iindidi zifutshane) kunye ne-50-60 (izityalo ezide). Xa ukhula i-okra ukusuka kwimbewu, emva kokutshala, ufihla ixesha elithile iibhedi kunye nefilimu, ukuyidonsa kwiindawo zokucima.
Ixesha lokutshala i-okra
Ukulima kwe-okra ukusuka kwimbewu ekhaya kuqala 30-45 iintsuku ngaphambi kokutyala kwiindawo ezivulekileyo kwintsimi. Kweminye imimandla, amaqabunga aphelile kuphela ngo-20 kaMeyi, kwinqanaba elingaphantsi, izityalo okanye imbewu zityalwe emva komhla we-10 kuMeyi. Ubushushu bomhlaba obufunekayo kwizinga elitshintshiweyo elifunekayo lokungena kwelanga aliphantsi kwe-14-15 ° C. Amanye ama-horticulturists anamava atyala ukutyala izityalo ze-okra ngemihla yokuqala kaJuni, emva kokuba umhlaba uphelelwe ngokupheleleyo.
Bamia - ekhula
Iseluleko seengcali ezinamava malunga nendlela yokukhula i-okra elula, kuba isityalo asifuni nantoni na. Kukho imicimbi embalwa elula, ukubanjwa kwayo okukukunceda ekukhuliseni isivuno esihle:
- Hlanganisa umhlaba ngaphambi kokutyala, kule meko, akukho festile eyongezelelweyo iyadingeka. Kwimeko yokukhula okubuthathaka kwezityalo, unako ukuwahambisa, uhlanjululwe ngamanzi, ubunzima, isichumisi se-mineral.
- Akunakwenzeka ukumanzisa umhlaba, ingakumbi ngexesha eliphambi kwefruiting.
- Ukuvuselela okukhuselekileyo kwe-tillering, phonsa iziqu eziphambili kumgama wama-50, 60 cm ukusuka emhlabathini.
- Kwiintlobo ezininzi, zinike inkxaso.
- Iintaba ezifike ngexesha eliqhelekileyo, zihamba ngezantsi, zikhulula umhlaba.
- Ukwandisa i-okra kwi-greenhouse okanye ngaphantsi kwefilimu, ukubonelela izityalo ngokukhwela rhoqo.
Zonke ezi zinto zilula ziyizona ndlela eziphambili zeendlela zokwakha i-okra, ukugcinwa kwazo kuya kuqinisekisa ukuba izityalo ziphuhliso oluphuculweyo kunye nokuvunwa okuninzi. Musa ukutshala i-okra kwiindawo ezinxantyambo, okanye indawo apho amanzi angaphantsi komhlaba ahlala khona, akhethe indawo kunye nokubunjwa komhlaba okulula okukhuthaza ukuzala okuphezulu.
I-okra ikhula njani?
Ukukhula kwesi sithethe kukhawuleza. I-okra i-thermophilic, ngoko ifuphi isitshalo seqanda. Iqondo lokushisa elifanelekileyo, elivumela isityalo ukuba sikhule ngokuqhelekileyo, ngu-23-26 ° C, xa iqondo lokushisa lihla ukuya ku- -16 ° C, i-okra ikhula kwaye ikhula, kwaye xa ikhululeka, iyaphela. Ogorodniki, ukwabelana ngamava, indlela yokukhulisa i-bamya kwi-dacha, khuthaza ukulima izityalo zakhe. I-Bamia, ukukhula kwezityalo ezivelisa iziqhamo kunokwenzeka kuphela kwiindawo zokugcina izityalo okanye kwindawo ezitshisa kakhulu. Umhlaba wokutyala ukhetha kakuhle, ungenawo umoya.
Imifuno yezityalo ezitshiweyo - umhlaba
Ngoko ulungiselele umhlaba ekwindla, uyigqume kwaye uwufake umquba kunye ne-organic, phosphorus kunye ne-potassium, i-humus. Ngentwasahlobo, bhala kwakhona ngokudibanisa i- ammonium nitrate . Eyona nto ingcono kule mveliso yemifuno i-chernozem, kule mimandla apho ingayisebenzisi, isebenzise i-greenhouse okanye indawo yokukhusela kwifilimu, kukholelwa ukuba i-okra ikhula kwintsimi eninzi, ngaphandle kobumba, i-saline okanye ixakeke kakhulu. I-okra ekhulile esuka kwimbewu ekhaya iya kutshintsha ngokukhawuleza ukutshintshwa kwilizwe, ukuba uyenza ngokucophelela, ngaphandle kokuphazamisa inkqubo yeengcambu zesityalo.
Okra isityalo - ukuthambisa
Isityalo esinezityalo esinezityalo asinakudinga ukuthambisa rhoqo, kufuneka senziwe kanye emva kweentsuku ezintlanu, ngaphandle kokuba kungekho mvula. Eli gunya lokunisela lihlala kude kube lixesha lokuvelisa, emva kokuba iifowuni zokuqala zibophelelwe, kufuneka utyilise isityalo kabini ngenyanga. Ukunkcenkcesha ngokukhawuleza, ungagqithisi ukwenzela ukuba izimpande zontnda ze-okra ziqale ukubola.
Imifuno yezityalo ezenziwe nge-okra - eziphezulu zokugqoka
Ukutya kunye nokukhula kwe-okra kwenziwa kwimeko yokukhula kancinci, ukukhula komhlaba obuthathaka kabini okanye kathathu, ngexesha eliphambi kokuqala kokubonakala kwe-ovary. Isetyenziswe kule nto yinkimbinkimbi yezichumisi zamaminerali, amanani athatyathwa ubuncinci. Ngethuba lokuqala kwexesha le-fruiting, ukuchumisa kwenziwa kwangoko, ngenxa yoko i- nitassium nitrate isetyenziswa .
Ixesha le-okra eliqhakazayo liqala ngoJulayi, intyatyambo inkulu, i-yellow-creamy, ikhona kwi-axilum yamagqabi, kukho i-fetus eyenziwe, i-okra eqaqambileyo ibonakala ibonakalayo. Okokugqoka okuphezulu kokuqala kwezinto ezimbiwa ngamaminerali, kufuneka wenze emva kokuvela kweemifuno, ngaphandle kokuba umhlaba ulungiselelwe ngokufanelekileyo ukutyala imbewu okanye imbewu.
I-ointment - ukunakekelwa
Ngokutsho kwabavelisi bemifuno, ukutyala nokunyamekela i-okra akuyona inkqubo enzima, kodwa iziqhamo zeso sityalo zinempawu ezikhethekileyo. Uthando olushushu, isityalo esisenzantsi, olufanelekileyo, olunyamekelayo, lukhula kakuhle kwaye luvelise isivuno esikhulu, kude kube sezantsi. Ukutyala kulungelelaniswe ngeentlobo, kuba imbewu inesikhathi eside sokuhluma (ukususela kwiiveki ezi-3 ukuya kwii-4), kwaye idinga umhlaba ofudumele, omanzi.
Ukunyamekela isityalo, ukusilalisa ngokusisigxina, akukho ukucinga malunga ne-okra yomhlaba onzima, kuyimfuneko kwinyanga yokuqala, kwixesha elizayo ukunyamekela ngononophelo akusekho mfuneko. Ukuququzelela i-okra kufuneka ibe yimeko yembalela enkulu, ukuba umhlaba unomile, ukucwina umhlaba kuyimfuneko kwi-depth cm ukuya kwi-40 cm. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ukhula lukhulule umhlaba, ukutya kunye namanzi-le yimiqathango encinane yemilinganiselo eyenziwa yi-okra.