I-nitrogen fertilizer - ixabiso lezityalo, indlela yokusebenzisa ngokufanelekileyo engadini?

Xa kusetyenziswe kakuhle, i-nitrogen fertilizer inenzuzo enkulu, ivumela ukufumana isivuno esihle nakwihlabathi elingenakudla. Kufuneka kuqondwe ukuba ukuba i-dose efanelekileyo yokusetyenziswa kwezi zinto zichaphazela ngokuphuhlisa ukuphuhliswa kwezityalo, izidalwa zazo ezibangela izifo kunye nokungcola kokusingqongileyo.

I-nitrogen fertilizer - ukubaluleka kwazo kunye nesicelo

Umbuzo wukuthi yintoni i-nitrogen fertilizer, kubalulekile ukuqwalasela abalimi bokuqala kunye nabalimi bemifuno abafuna ukufumana izivuno ezilungileyo kwiindawo zabo ukususela kwixesha ukuya kwixesha. Izityalo ezihlwayelweyo kwihlabathi elunxwemeni kunye nehlabathi elincinci zihlupheke kakhulu ngenxa yokungabikho kwalolu hlobo, imeko ebhetele ibonakala kwi-chernozems ezicebileyo. Ukuba izityalo zakho zikhula kakuhle kwaye zihlathini, amahlamvu awananto, ipeyinti ngokugqithiseleyo kumbala oluhlaza, kufuneka ulungise ngokukhawuleza imeko ngokufaka i-nitrogen fertilizer.

Yintoni exhalabisa i-nitrogen fertilizer?

Kwizolimo, ukwandisa ukwanda komhlabathi, i-ammonia ye-liquid kunye ne-nitrogen eqinile isetyenziswa, apho isisiseko esisisiseko singafumaneka kwiifom ezahlukeneyo. Inendima idlala zombini uwonkewonke kunye nokwakhiwa kwamakhemikhali okucoca. I-nitrogen fertilizer ziquka uluhlu olukhulu lweziyobisi, lwahlula ngamaqela amaninzi.

I-nitrogen engundoqo yomququzeli nomxholo omkhulu we-nitrogen:

1. Ammonium sulphate - ammonium sulfate (i-nitrogen ukuya kwi-21%), i-ammonium chloride (ukuya kuma-25%), amanzi ammonia (kufika kuma-20,5%), i-ammonia anhydr (ukuya kuma-82.3%), i-ammophos (ukuya kuma-12%), i-ammonium sulfide ukuya kwi-10%).
2. I-nitrate - i-nitrate ye-calcium (ukuya ku-15.5%), i-nitrate ye-potassium (ukuya kwi-13%), i-nitrate ye-sodium (ukuya kwi-16.4%).
3. I-ammonium nitrate - ammonium sulphonitrate (ukuya kuma-26.5%), i-nitrate yammonium (ukuya kwi-35%), i-calc-ammonium nitrate (ukuya ku-20.5%).
4. I-amide isichumisi - i-carbamide (ukuya kwi-46.2%), i-calcium cyanamide (ukuya kwi-21%), i-urea-formaldehyde (ukuya kuma-42%), i-methylene-urea (ukuya kuma-42%).

Iipropati ze-nitrogen fertilizer

Indlela kunye nexesha lokusetyenziswa kwezixhobo ezincedisayo, umphumo we-nitrogen fertilizer kwizityalo, kuxhomekeke kakhulu kwifom apho i-substance ebonakalayo esebenzayo. Ngokomzekelo, ifomu yama-amide igxininiswe ngokugqithiseleyo ngamagqabi kwaye ilungele ukuchumisa foliar, kwaye ifomu le-ammonium kufuneka lihambelane neebhaktheriya ukuze lifumaneke kwinkqubo yeengcambu. Iifomitrogen zefomati kwifom ye-nitrate zixutywe ngqo yizityalo zemifuno, iintyatyambo nemithi.

Ixesha lokusebenzisa i-nitrogen fertilizer?

Indlela eyaziwayo ngaphambili, xa i-nitrogen fertilizer yenziwe ngekhefu, ngoku ityathwa ngokungalunganga. Kule meko, amaxesha amaninzi ancedo ahlanjululwa kwiindawo eziphantsi kwexesha elichithwa ngekhephu, ukongezelela kukho umngcipheko wokusabalalisa ukungalingani kwento esebenzayo kuloo ndawo. Ukuchonga ixesha kunye nendlela yokuchumisa, kufuneka uqwalasele ukushisa kwendalo kunye nohlobo lwe-nitrogen umququzeleli, ummandla wezulu kunye nokubunjwa komhlaba.

Xa kuvunyelwe ukusebenzisa i-nitrogen umanyolo ngasekupheleni kwekwindla:

1. I-ammonium chloride - ngenjongo yokuhlamba i-chlorine eyingozi kunye namanzi aqhekezayo.
2. I-Carbamide - inokunika impembelelo entle kwihlabathi lehlabathi kunye nehlabathi elincinci.

Isicwatshi kunye nehlobo etyalwa nge-nitrogen fertilizer:

1. Iindidi ezinomileyo zezichumisi zitywinwa xa zityalwe emingxeni, zisasaza i-substance phezu komhlaba ngokusebenza ngokuthe ngqo kwimvula yezulu.
2. Ukuzalisa umquba kumhlaba nge-rakes, hoes, harrow for root cats of plantations.
3. Ukusetyenziswa kwesisombululo esinamandla sokunisela ngexesha lehlobo lehlobo.
4. Ukugqoka okuphezulu kwe-Foliar ukuluhlaza (urea yiyona nto ibhetele).

Yiyiphi i-nitrogen fertilizer engcono?

Abaqalayo ngokuqhelekileyo badla ngokungahambi kakuhle, ngaphandle kokuqwalasela ukuveliswa kwamakhemikhali yomkhiqizo othengiweyo. Ngenxa yoko, imali esetyenzisiweyo kunye nemigudu ayifuni iziphumo ezibonakalayo, izityalo azifumani isondlo esifanelekileyo. Ukukhangela isichumisi esihle se-nitrogen, kufuneka wenze isigqibo malunga nenjongo yokusetyenziswa kwayo, ixesha kunye nendlela yokwenza isicelo. Umzekelo, kufuneka uqwalasele amanani amalungiselelo ayenziwa ngokulungelelanisiweyo:

1. I-Carbamide ifanelekile kwisicelo esincinci, asiyi kutshisa amahlamvu, ifanelekile ukuchumisa entwasahlobo, nangona ixesha lokubola liza kuba lide kuneli-saltpetre.
2. I-Saltpeter - ayikwazi ukusetyenziswa ekwindla ngenxa yokuhlamba ngamanzi, kodwa ilungele ngokufanelekileyo ixesha lokusasa-ehlobo kunye nokugqoka okuphezulu kunye nokuhlwayela.
3. Iimveliso ze-nitrojeni zotywala - zikhawuleza zithatha, zithengwa ukuthenga, zinexesha elide kwaye zisasazeka kwiindawo zonke. Ukungonakali kolu hlobo lwesichumisi kukuba kunzima ukuthutha nokugcina, izixhobo ezizodwa zifunekayo emsebenzini.

I-nitrogen fertilizer yomyezo

Kwiinjongo zasekhaya, ukulungiselela amalungiselelo amaminerali okwenziweyo okanye izinto ezisemgangathweni, ezilungiselelwe ngesandla, zisetyenzisiweyo. Zonke izitrojethi ze-nitrogen zezityalo zingahlulwa ngamaqela amaninzi:

1. Ukulungelelanisa i-nitric fertilizer - saltpetre, urea, i-ammonium sulfate, amanzi ammonia kunye nabanye.
2. Izichumisi ezixilisayo kunye nenani elikhulu le-nitrogen - ammophos, nitroammophoska, i-diammophos, i-nitrophos nabanye.
3. Izichumisi ze-Organic - i-peat, i- compost , i-litter ephasayo, i-sider, i-silt nabanye.

Iimitrogen ezicoca izityalo zangaphakathi

Kuyinto enqwenelekayo ukuthenga i-nitrogen isichumisi kwizityalo zangaphakathi zesakhiwo esiyinkimbinkimbi, apho, ngaphezu kwezinto ezisisiseko, i-microelements, potassium kunye ne-phosphorus zikhoyo. Kulo gumbi kulungele ukusetyenziswa kwamalungiselelo akhethekileyo okuvelisa izityalo, zihanjiswa kwiiphakheji ezincinci kunye neepowder, iipilisi, iifompoti. Iimveliso zamanzi zidibanisa imilinganiselo eyahlukileyo. Ukuze uzilungiselele i-nitrogen fertilizer, i-1 g ye-nitmonium nitrate, i-urea okanye i-ammonium sulphate inokuhlanjululwa kwi-1 litre yokuma amanzi ahlanzekileyo.

Izitrogen zemvelo

Ngokuphindaphindiweyo abalimi beloli bazama ukusebenzisa izityalo zezityalo ze-nitrogen kwaye bajonge ukufakwa kokubanzi kokuchumisa. Kukho uluhlu olukhulu lweemveliso ezikhoyo ezinomxholo ophezulu wezinto eziwuncedo ekukhuleni kwezityalo zemifuno kunye negadi:

1. Umquba wezoqoqosho kunye nemvelaphi yasekhaya - umxholo osemgangathweni wezinto eziphambili ze-NPK udlala phakathi kwe-2: 1: 1, i-nitrogen-ukuya ku-0.7%.
2. Umquba - umxholo we-nitrogen nezinye izinto kuxhomekeke kwimvelaphi. Ngokomzekelo, kwinqayi yeentaka, i-NPK i-3: 1: 1, kwaye kumgquba weenkomo ngu-1: 0.5: 0.5.
3. Iingciderate - utshani olufakwe ebhedeni lunenani eliphakamileyo, ngokuphindaphindiweyo amaxesha ama-2-3 anempumelelo kunomgquba.
4. Inkunkuma yasekhaya - umxholo we-nitrogen ufikelela kwi-1.5%.
5. Kwi-silt echibini ye-nitrogen ukuya kwi-2.5%.
6. I-Peat - ukuya ku-3.5%.

I-nitrogen isichumisi ngezandla

Kule mizi apho kungekho zinkomo okanye inkukhu, unokuzimela ngokuzimeleyo ukulungiselela i-nitrogen fertilizer efanelekileyo kwikhaya kwi-compost basis. Ukuququzelela inkqubo, kunqweneleka ukongeza izinto kwiibhokisi ezikhethiweyo okanye imikhosi. I-recipe yokuvelisa umanyolo ilula:

1. Silungiselela isitya okanye umgodi wesayizi esifanelekileyo.
2. Ngaphantsi kwakubeka amagumbi amakhulu endala kumanzi.
3. Ubuncwane bomquba bubekwe ububanzi be-1.5 m.
4. Ukwandisa inani leebhaktheriya, unokongeza umhlaba okanye i-humus.
5. I-nitrogen eninzi ifumaneka xa ulungisa iimveliso zepuphu, xa iziqhamo ezonakalisayo, inkunkuma yokutya okanye imifuno.
6. Emva kweentsuku ezi-7 kukho ukunyuka kwamaqondo okushisa ngaphakathi kwinqumle, kunye nexesha ipesenti ye-oksijini ngaphakathi iyancipha. Kufuneka ukuba utshintshe ukuya kumaxesha amane umququze ukuqinisa inkqubo.
7. Ukukhawuleza ukuvuthwa, amalungiselelo athi " Baikal ", "Shining", imvubelo (1 isipuni sesinkwa kunye ne-200 g ishukela kwi-1 litre yamanzi) isetyenziswa.
8. Umququzi ogqityiweyo unombala omnyama obomvu kunye nokungahambisani nokuziphatha.

Indlela yokufaka umququzeleli we-nitrogen ekhaya?

Ukuxutywa kwe-nettle kunye nezinye ukhula zilungile. Ukuba ugcina iinkukhu ekhaya, ngoko umbuzo wendlela yokutshintshela i-nitrogen fertilizer, ixazulule ngakumbi. Ixabiso elona liphezulu libhekwa njengento yokukhupha iinkukhu namajuba, ukuchithwa kwamadada kunye neesezi ziqukethe izinto ezincinci. Ukufumana ukunyuswa kwamaniselo, kuqala uwathulule ngamanzi kwisilinganiselo se-1: 1, kunye neveki kamva umbane okhuphayo uhlanjululwa 1: 10 ngaphambi kokusetyenziswa. Xa usebenzisa umquba owomileyo kuyimfuneko ukusasaza isichumisi kwisixa esingadluli i-0.2 kg / m ² ebhedini.

I-nitrogen fertilizer - ingozi kubantu?

I-Ammonia kunye ne-nitrate kwixabiso elingenangqiqo libe yityhefu, ityhefu yendalo, iinqumrhu zamanzi ezingcolisayo. Ukulimala kwi-nitrogen fertilizer kubonakala kwimimandla emininzi, kukho ukufa okukhulu kwezilwanyana zasemanzini, kukho imimandla yonke efileyo ejikelezwe nxweme lamazwekazi. Ukusebenza ngezinto ezinobuncithakalo ngumsebenzi onobungozi kwaye unobungozi obunobungozi obunetyhefu obudinga ukulaliswa kwezibhedlele.

Iimpawu zetyhefu zetyhefu:

• ukuhlaselwa ukwesaba okukhulu kunye nokwesaba;
• ukuthuthumela kwiimisipha;
• ukuphulwa kwesigqi sokuphefumula;
• buthathaka;
• izandla ezisesibhakabhaka nemilomo;
• i-arrhythmia;
• ntliziyo;
• bushushu obuphezulu;
• u xinzelelo;
• ukukhwehlela okumanzi;
• ukulahleka kwengqondo.