I-Viola okanye i-Pansy ngokwesayensi ibiza iVirotka violet. Esi sityalo esineminyaka emibili ubudala sisuka ku-15 ukuya ku-30 cm ukuphakama, iintyatyambo zayo zibukeka kakhulu njenge-violet, phakathi kwendawo apho kukho indawo engavamile. Imibala iyahluka: ukusuka kumhlophe ukuya kumnyama ngamathunzi. I-Pansies ayithobekanga kakhulu: ingafakwa utshintshulwa nokuba iyakhula kwaye ihlume ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, ngokukhawuleza ukuba iqhwa liwe. Ziqhakaza kakhulu ekuqaleni (ngoMatshi ngo-Aprili) kwaye ziqhakaze kakhulu.
I-Pansies - ukutyala nokunyamekela
- Indawo . I-Pansies inomthunzi obekezelayo, kodwa xa ikhula e-penumbra, iqhamo ngeke likhulu, nangona lide lide, kwaye iintyatyambo zincinci kwaye zilula.
- Umhlaba . Umhlaba okhulayo kunye nomhlaba omanzi ufanelekile ukutshala i-bottom, ngaphandle kokuhlaselwa kwamanzi amaninzi, njengoko oku kubangela ukubola kwenkqubo yesityalo kunye nokufa kwayo.
- Ukunisela . Kufuneka udibanise i-viola izikhathi ezintathu ngeveki, kwaye ukuba ishushu kakhulu, ke yonke imihla.
- Ukugqoka okuphezulu . Ukukhupha i-bottomes ifuna isichumisi esincinci samaminerali kunye ne-potassium, i-nitrogen, i-phosphorus kunye nezinto ezilandelwayo. Izithombo kufuneka zifakwe nge-superphosphate kunye ne-nitrate (i-20-40 g nganye). I-Pansies ayikwazi ukucoca ngomquba omtsha.
- Ukunyamekela . Ukuze i-pansy ihluma ixesha elide, kufuneka uwasuse iintyatyambo eziphelile ngexesha, ukwenzela ukuba iibhokisi zeembewu zingahlakuli, njengokuba xa imbewu ikhula ientyatyambo ziyayeka ukutshala nokufa.
Pansy - reproduction
Kukho iindlela ezimbini zokukhulisa iipanitsha ezintsha ze-bottomes: imbewu kunye nokusika.
I-Pansies - ikhula kwimbewu
Imbewu ihlwayelwa ngeendlela ezimbini:
- ngqo ngqo emhlabathini;
- kwiibhokisi.
Emva kokuqhakaza kwe-bottomes, banesiqhamo kunye nembewu abayisebenzisayo ukukhulela kunyaka ozayo. Xa ukuhlwayela i-bottomes kuxhomekeke kwixesha elidlulileyo leentyantyambo. Ukuze ufumane imifuno emihle entwasahlobo, i-viola kufuneka ihlwayelwe ehlobo ngasekupheleni kukaJuni-ekuqaleni koJulayi kunyaka owedlule. Kwiindawo zokuhlala okanye kwiibhedi ezihlwayelwe kakuhle, abahlwayayo kwimigca emininzi. Imbewu ehlwayelwe ihlwaywe emva kweveki 1-2, iiveki 2-3 emva kokuvela kwehluma, ziyahlanjululwa, kwaye ekupheleni kukaAgasti zifakelwa kwiindawo zokuqhakaza kumgama wama-20-25 s.
Ukuba ufuna ukufumana izimbali kumnyaka ofanayo, kufuneka uhlwayelwe imbewu kuqala kwiibhokisi, uze utshale izityalo kwigadi yeentyatyambo.
- Ukulandelelana kwamanqanaba omsebenzi:
- Ukutyalwa kwembewu ye-groundes kufuneka kwenziwe ngoFebhuwari, ukusabalalisa emhlabathini womhlaba omanzi, ukufafaza kancinci kunye nobunqamle bomhlaba.
- Iibhokisi zibeka kwindawo emnyama ngokushisa kwe-15-20 ° C kunye nobunzi bomhlaba obaneleyo.
- Xa imbewu ikhuphuka (iiveki 1-2), iqondo lokushisa kufuneka linciphise ukuya kwi-10 ° C kwaye ibeke isitya kunye nehluma elangeni.
- Unokuyichitha izityalo ze-viola kwiintsuku eziyi-10-20.
- Ukutyala izityalo zeentyatyambo kwindawo evulekile ngoMeyi, ukwenzela ukuba ehlobo sele sele iqhambile.
I-Pansy - ukusasazwa ngokucutheka
Iinqununu zisasazeka ngokukhawuleza kwindawo evulekile, kwaye ziqale ukuqhutywa ngoMeyi-Juni.
- Ngesiqithi sinqunyulwe amahlumela okugqibela afumane ama-2-3 amaqhina.
- Ezi zihlumela zityalwa kwindawo enomthunzi eduze komlinganiselo we-0.5 cm, ngokukhawuleza ukulungelelanisa amanzi kwaye ufefe ngamanzi.
- Iingcambu ze-cuttings ziza kubonakala kwiiveki eziyi-3-4.
Ukuba iinqununu entwasahlobo, i-bottomes iya kuqhakaza ehlobo okanye ekuqaleni kwekwindla yonyaka omnye, kwaye ukuba isondele ekwindla - ibe entwasahlobo kunyaka ozayo.
Ukuvelisa okunjalo kuvuselela izityalo ngokwawo, akuvumeli ukuba iintlobo zikhule, kuba oku kukukhokelela ekudakaleni kweentyantyambo. Kusuka kwelinye iqela elikhulu ngeli xesha unokufumana ama-cuttings ayi-10, kunye nehlobo lonke.
Izifo nezifo ezinambuzane
Ukuchithwa kwe-agrotechnics yokukhula kwe-groundes kukhokelela ekuphuhlisweni kwezi zifo ezilandelayo:
- umlenze omnyama;
- isikhumba se powdery;
- ingcambu aze ahlume,
- ukubonakala.
Ukusuka kwiinambuzane, ezona zixhaphakileyo ziyi- apidi kwaye zihlambalaza , ezinokulawulwa ngezidakamizwa ezifanelekileyo.
Ngenxa yokungazithobeki kwindlela yokuguqulwa kunye nemibala enqabileyo, i-bottomes isoloko isetyenziselwa ukuhlobisa iintsimi zeentyatyambo kunye namabhalkoni.