Kuzo zonke izihlandlo, iziqhumane zenza ukuba abantu bangene ukoyika ngokwenene, kodwa kukho imimandla yonke apho abahlali bendawo baphoqeleka ukuba baphile ngokubambisana nalezi ziqhwaba eziyingozi. Kule nqaku uza kufunda ukuba yiziphi iindawo ezinqabileyo ezininzi eMelika.
ENyakatho Melika
Kule nxalenye yelizwekazi yi-volcano, eyona inkulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni , kwaye kungekhona nje eMntla Melika. Kuthe malunga ne-Yellowstone caldera - i-volcano ephezulu, e-Wyoming, kwi-National Park. Ukuphakama kwayo kungama-2805 emitha. Ihlanganisa indawo yeekhilomitha ezili-3 960, enye yesithathu yommandla weSizwe iPaki. Le ndawo itholakala ngaphaya kwendawo eshushu, apho ukunyakaza kwedwala encibilikisiwe yesambatho kuqondiswa emhlabeni. Namhlanje le ngongoma ihlanganiswa yi-Yellowstone plateau, kodwa kwiminyaka emininzi edlulileyo yile nto eyenza ukubunjwa kwintshona yeNyoka eziphantsi kweNyoka emva kweempazamo ezinkulu ze-volcano.
Iingcali zenzululwazi ziye zafumanisa iinqwelo ze-crat of this super volcano kuphela kuma-1960, ekhokelwa ngedatha evela kumfanekiso wesathelayiti. Kwaye kwavela ukuba umgca wesigxina unesibhobho esikhulu se-incandescent magma ebilini. Iqondo lokushisa kulo lihluka kwii-800 degrees. Yingakho ukusuka kwiindawo zangaphakathi kumhlaba ukuya kumphunga wamanzi uphuma, kunye nemithombo yamathambo iyatshiswa, ikhuphe i-carbon dioxide namafu e-hydrogen sulfide.
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Ngokwezinzululwazi, ukuqhuma kokuqala kwendawo yaseJongstone kwenzeka ngaphezu kweebhiliyoni kwiminyaka edlulileyo. Oku kwakhokelela ekutshatyalaliseni kweentaba, ezithwele i-25% yommandla weNyakatho Melika yamanje kunye nocingo lwe-ash ash volcanic. Ukuqhuma kwesihlandlo sesibini kubuyela kwi-1.27 yezigidi zeminyaka ngaphambi kwexesha lethu, kwaye okwesithathu kwenzeka iminyaka engama-640,000 edlulileyo. Kwaye kwakhiwa umda omkhulu ojikelezayo kunye nomda weekhilomitha eziyi-150, obizwa ngokuba yi-caldera. Oku kwenzeka ngenxa yokungaphumeleli kwe-vertex ye-volcano ephezulu. Ngokwenzululwazi, inokwenzeka ukuba i-volcano enamandla ivuke i-0.00014%. Ubungenakwenzeka, kodwa lukhona.
EMzantsi Melika
EMzantsi Melika, i-volcano enkulu kunazo zonke yiCotopaxi intaba-mlilo, ubude bayo buyi 5896 metres. Indawo yesibini yimizi-mlilo ye-Sangay (5,410 metres), kunye neyesithathu kuMexican Popocatepetel (5452 meter). Incwadi yeGuinness of Records ithi i-volcano ephezulu yi-Ochos del Salado, esekelwe emngceleni wase-Argentina kunye neChile, kodwa ithathwa njengeyophela. Ewonke, eMzantsi Melika kukho iingu-194 ezinkulu kunye neentaba ezincinci, ezininzi zazo ziphela.
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