Ibinzana lokubhengeza ukuba ibhaktheriya ye-pathogenic kunye ne-microbes ziboshwe kuzo zonke iinyathelo zichanekile. Unokusuleleka ngaphandle kokuhlamba izandla emva kwendlu yangasese, udla izityalo ezingcolileyo, okanye umkhiqizo oqhekezayo kwaye uqhube umqhubi ophethe ibhaktheriya. Kodwa akuyimfuneko ukuvakalisa ukukhwabanisa kwe-microbes - phakathi kwabo kukho izilwanyana ezinobuncwane, kwaye uninzi lwezifo eziphathekayo zenyama yethu isiqhele ukuxhathisa ukususela ebuntwaneni.
Ziziphi iibhaktheriya ezi-pathogenic?
Ukuba usondela kumbandela ovela kwinqanaba lezesayensi, akufanele ukwesaba ibhaktheriya kubo bonke: ininzi yabo ihlala emzimbeni wethu ukususela ekuzalweni kwaye ilawula iinkqubo ezibalulekileyo, ezifana nokugaya, ukuveliswa kwehomoni kunye nokuchasene nezifo. Ewe, ezinye iintsholongwane, iimpawu zomzimba wethu, zichasene nokusabalala kwamanye amagciwane. Oku kusebenza nakwi-microflora yemvelo yesisu, isondo, umlomo womlomo, kunye neendlebe zomlomo. Ezinye iibhaktheriya ezihlala emzimbeni zingaba yingozi phantsi kweemeko ezifanelekileyo zokuvelisa ngokukhawuleza. Umzekelo, i-cocci eyahlukeneyo. Amanye angena emzimbeni evela ngaphandle kwaye abangela izifo ezimbi. Iibhaktheriya ezi-pathogenic zodwa ziquka:
- E. coli ;
- i-spirochetes (i-typhoid, i-syphilis);
- Shigella (isifo somhlaza);
- I-Mycobacterium (isifo sofuba, iqhenqa);
- i-mycoplasma (i-pneumonia);
- i-bacilli (i-anthrax, i-tetanus);
- listeria (listeriosis);
- vibrios (i-cholera, vibrosis);
- clostridia (botulism);
- i-pyogenic (sepsis, conjunctivitis);
- i-cocci (staphylococci, streptococci, meningococci, pneumococci);
- i-salmonella (isisu kunye ne-paratyphoid, salmonellosis ) kunye nabanye.
Ukulwa neebhaktheriya ezibangelwa zizifo
Iibhaktheriya ezibangelwa zizifo zingabangela izifo zendlela yokuphefumula, inkqubo ye-genitourinary kunye nezinye izitho zangaphakathi. Ukungena kumzimba kunye nokukhuseleka komzimba, ukuphelelwa yimithwalo ephezulu kunye noxinzelelo, banda ngokukhawuleza, banda rhoqo ukugxilwa kwesulelo. Yingakho ngaphandle kokulawula ngexesha elifanelekileyo le-antibiotics, ezininzi zeebhaktheriya azikwazi ukunqotshwa. Kodwa kuphela ugqirha ofanelekileyo unokukhetha ukonyango olufanelekileyo lweziyobisi, kuba nganye iintlobo kunye nohlobo lwebhaktheriya kukho imveliso ethile, ukucima umsebenzi wabo, okanye ukubulala ii-microorganisms. Unyango lwentsholongwane ne-bacterium ye-pathogenic yinkqubo eyinkimbinkimbi. Kulula kakhulu ukuthatha amanyathelo athile okukhusela, ukwenzela ukuthintela ukungena emzimbeni.
Kukho iindlela ezilandelayo zokulwa nezifo ezifayo ezingavumeli ukuba bangene emzimbeni:
- I-pasteurization kunye nokutyalwa kwemveliso . Njengoko kuyaziwa, ezininzi iintsholongwane azikhuthazeli ukushisa okuphezulu. Ngethuba lokuhlala ixesha elide, bafa kakade kwi-30-40 degrees Celsius, iqondo lokushisa eliphezulu lingasetyenziselwa phakathi kwemizuzu embalwa nje. Iibhaktheriya ezibangelwa zizifo zibangela ukunyanzeliswa, xa zinyulwa ngamanzi aluhlaza nobisi, zaneleyo inyama eyosiweyo. Kodwa iimveliso eziphathekayo zomoya zikhuselekile ngokupheleleyo.
- Ukugcinwa kococeko lomntu . Sulelo
Iibhaktheriya ze-pathogenic zihlala zivela ngamaconsi, okanye ngokuthinta izinto, izinto zomntu osulelekileyo. Ngako oko kubaluleke kakhulu ukuhlamba izandla rhoqo, uhlambe iimpahla, kwaye uvuselele igumbi. Xa usuka ekhaya esitratweni, kucetyiswa ukuba uhlambe impumlo yakho kwaye ususe umqala wakho ngamanzi afudumele. - Ukupholisa kukuvumela ukuba umise inkqubo yokuvelisa ibhaktheriya.
- Amasiza kunye neendawo eziyingozi zibulala amaninzi amancinci. Iibhaktheriya ezibangelwa zizifo kunye nezifo abazibangelayo zinoyiko lweemichiza.
- Ukukhanya kwelanga ngokutsha kubulala inani elikhulu lezilwanyana eziphilayo kwi-15-20 imizuzu yokuchasana.