Ihashe yeTrojan iyinkolelo okanye inyaniso, ingcamango malunga nehashe leTrojan

Intsomi yamaGrike kunye nembali yanika ihlabathi inani elikhulu leengcaphuno kunye nezibonelo ezizilumko. Ihashe yeTrojan enye yeempawu eziphambili kunye nezifundo zembali kweli lizwe. Kuyathandwa kakhulu ukuba enye yeengcipheko zekhompyutha ezinobungozi zingena kwinkqubo phantsi kobuchule beprogram engenakulimala yabizwa emva kwayo.

Ihashe iTranshi ithetha ntoni?

Ingcamango echaza ukuba i-horse yeTrojan isho ukuthini, ikwazisa malunga nokukhohlakala kweentshaba kunye nentembelo engathembekiyo yamaxhoba abo. Omnye wabalobi abambalwa abachazayo kwakuyimbongi yasendulo yamaRoma uGilil, owadala "u-Aeneid" malunga nobomi be-Aeneas yaseTroy. Oku wabiza ukuba kwakhiwa iqela lokulwa nehashe, okwenza iqela elincinci labantu liwunqobe amajoni anesibindi nesobuqili. "Kwi-Eeneid" ibali lehashe leTrojan lichazwe kwiinkalo eziliqela:

1. I-Trojan iTransfer i-Paris yona yenza ukuba intshaba ithathe isinyathelo esinqabileyo, ukuba kwi-Danais inkosi yakhe inkosikazi-eyintle Elena.
2. I-Danais yayithukuthelele ukukhuselwa kwabasemagunyeni, abazange bakwazi ukujamelana nayo, kungakhathaliseki ukuba bawasebenzisa njani.
3. UKumkani uMeneyu kwafuneka athathe intsikelelo yokwenza ihashe ku-unkulunkulu uApollo, ephethe imibingelelo yamanzi.
4. Ukuhlasela okubandakanya ihashe, awona maqhawe asemgangathweni afakwe kwiincwadi zeembali-mlando kwaye alungele ukunikela ubomi bawo kwilizwe lawo akhethwe.
5. Amadoda ayemele alinde ngesineke iintsuku ezimbalwa kwisithomo, ukuze angavumi ukugxeka phakathi kwabasebenzi abaye baqhayisa udonga ngokuhamba kwehashe.

Ihhashi yeTrojan - inkolelo okanye inyaniso?

Ababhali beengxelo bathi: Phakathi kwabo nguHomer, umbhali we-Iliad no-Odyssey. Inzululwazi zanamhlanje ziyavumelani naye kunye noVerilil: bakholelwa ukuba isizathu sokuba imfazwe ibe yimpikiswano yorhwebo phakathi kwezi zibini. Inkolelo yehhashi yeTrojan yayicatshulwa njengento engqalileyo, ehambelana nengcamango yobuciko bamaGrike angama-2 ubudala, ngelixa i-Archaeologist yaseJamani uHeinrich Schliemann ekhulwini le-19 ayifumananga imvume yokucima phantsi kwentaba yaseGissarlik, ibe ngokobukhosi buka-Ottoman. Uphando lukaHenry luneziphumo ezimangalisayo:

1. Kwintsimi kaHomer's Troy kumaxesha amandulo kwakukho izixeko ezisibhozo, ziphumelelane emva kokutshatyalaliswa, izifo kunye neemfazwe.
2. Iingxowankulu zezakhiwo zeTroy ngokwazo zazingaphantsi kweendawo ezisixhenxe zokuhlala;
3. Phakathi kwazo kwafunyanwa isango leStye, apho ihashe leTrojan, itrone kaKumkani Priam kunye nenqaba yayo yangena, kunye nenqaba yaseHelena.
4. Uqinisekisile amagama kaHomer ukuba ookumkani baseTroy baphila kangcono kunabalimi abaqhelekileyo ngenxa yemithetho yokulingana.

Inkolelo yeHarry Horse

Abaphengululi be-Archaeologists abangayixhasi umbono kaSchliemann ngombono wecala lokuba yiyona nto imbangela yemfazwe. Emva kobusela bukaHelen, indoda yakhe uAgamemnon yanquma ukujezisa iParis. Emva kokujoyina umkhosi wakhe nomkhosi womntakwabo, waya eTroy waza wamrhawula. Emva kweenyanga ezininzi, u-Agamemnon waqonda ukuba wayengenakulinganiswa. Umzi, owawulixhoba lehashe leTrojan, wathathwa ngokukhohlisa: emva kokufaka umfanekiso owenziwe ngomthi phambi kwesango, iAchaeans yathatha iinqanawa zaza zazenza ukuba zihambe eTroy. "Ukoyike amaDanians, izipho ezilethayo!" - wakhala ngokubona komfundisi wehashe wesixeko saseLakoont, kodwa akukho mntu ubandakanyeka kumagama akhe.

Yayibukeka njani ihhashi leTrojan?

Ukwenza abemi baseTroy bakholelwe kwiinjongo ezilungileyo zabaxhasi, kwakungekho ngokwaneleyo ukwenza umlinganiselo wesilwanyana kwiibhodi. Ihhashi leTrojan lehlathi liye landulela ukutyelela ngokusemthethweni ngabameli be-Agamemnon ukuya kwibhotwe laseTroy, apho baxelele ukuba bafuna ukuhlawulela izono zabo baza baqonda ukuba umzi ugcinwa nguThimena. Isimo sokufezekisa uxolo kubo sasiyisicelo sokufumana isipho: bathembisa ukuba nje nje ukuba iHartshi yeThrojani yayimiswe eTroy, akukho mntu uza kuhlasela. Ukubonakala komfanekiso kungachazwa ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:

1. Ukuphakama kwesakhiwo malunga neekhilomitha ezili-8, ububanzi bu malunga neekhilomitha ezintathu.
2. Ukuyifaka kwiigodo, ukugcoba ukuququzelela ukuhamba kweoli, kwakufuneka okungenani abantu abangama-50.
3. Izinto ezikwakha isakhiwo se-cornel esivela kwingcwele engcwele ye-Apollo.
4. Ngakwesokunene sehashe kwakukho umbhalo othi "Lesi sipho sashiywe ku-Athena, u- Danena okhuselayo".

Ngubani owakhiwe ihashe iTrojan?

Ingqiqo "yehashe iTrojan" njengendlela yempi yaza yikhumbula iqhawe le "Iliad" i-Odysseus. Unobulumko kakhulu kuzo zonke iinkokheli zaseDanais, akazange amthobele uAgamemnon, kodwa wawahlonipha ngenxa yokunqoba kwakhe. Umzobo wehashe kunye nesisu esingenalutho, apho amasosha angakwazi ukuhlala khona, uOdysse wasebenza iintsuku ezintathu. Kamva, wanikela kulowo owakha ihashe iTrojan - umkhosi wamaqhawe nomakhi u-Epeius.

Ngubani ofihla kwihhashi leTrojan?

Ngobuncinci bonikezelo lwamanzi nokutya, ihashe yayihleli ngamasosha aye avivinyelwa ngokuphindaphindiweyo ngukosi kwiimfazwe ezinzima. Abo bafihla kwihhashi iTrojan, kunye no-Agamemnon bakhethe i-Odysseus. Ngenxa yokuba amaninzi amadoda ayenesibindi ayengumkhosi wakhe, wahamba nabo. UHomer ugcinwe kwiinkulungwane nje kuphela inxalenye yamagama abo:

• Meneyo;
• Diomedes;
• Fersander;
• Sfener;
• Akamant;
• Neoptolem.