Uluntu luye lwabandakanyeka kwezolimo ukususela ngexesha elidlulileyo kwaye luqhubeka luphucula kuyo. Okona siyazi ngokuphathelele imvelo nemithetho yayo, ngakumbi sinokuzithemba ngokuvelisa iinkcubeko ezahlukeneyo. Ukwandisa umkhiqizo wanamhlanje, ukulungelelaniswa kweendlela ezahlukeneyo kunye nobuchwepheshe obuye betshenziselwa iikholeji, kunokuba sinokuziqhenya ngokufanelekileyo.
Enye yezobuchwepheshe njengesixhobo semibhede efudumeleyo. Le "ndlela yokwazi" isetyenziselwa ikakhulu kwimimandla ekumntla, apho ukukhula okuqhelekileyo kwezityalo akunako ukushisa okwaneleyo. Ngokomzekelo, eSiberia, ukushisa okuqhelekileyo ngoMeyi akudluli kwi-10 ° C, kunye nokuphuhliswa ngokupheleleyo kweentlobo zemifuno, i-degrees 2-3 kuphela. Ukuze benze oku, bafika ngeemibhede ezifudumeleyo. Kuzo, ngaphantsi komquba womquba, i-organic substance yabekwa, edibanisa, inika impembelelo yomshushu kwaye iyatshisa iingcambu zezityalo ngaphakathi, ukusuka ngaphantsi. Imifuno kwiibhedi ezinokutsalwa zingatyalwa kweeveki ezingama-3-4 ngaphambili, kwaye zivame ukuvelisa de ukuwa. Ukongezelela, xa i-organic matter ishiywe, yakha inani elikhulu lezondlo, elinefuthe elihle kwizityalo.
Indlela yokwenza imibhede efudumeleyo?
Oku akunzima kunokuba kubonakala ngathi:
- Okokuqala, misela indawo yegadi yangomso. Indlu efanelekileyo iya kuba yelanga elangeni leqhinga, mhlawumbi emva komdonga wendlu okanye igumbi. Ukufudumala usuku, udonga lwesakhiwo luya kubangela ukushisa ebusuku, kungavumeli ukuba amaqabunga ashushu afakwe.
- Ukuba isayithi lakho lisezantsi, ngoko ungasebenzisa ibhokisi yeplanga kwibhedi. Kule meko, inxalenye engezantsi yebhedi iya kuba semhlabeni, kwaye inxalenye ephezulu kwibhokisi. Ukuba isayithi ikhona, unokumba umsele omncinci malunga no-40 cm.
- Cima umhlaba ngokususa umgca ophezulu kumhlaba omdala, kwaye uqale ukubeka imibhede engummiselo kwimigca, ukusuka phezulu phezulu:
- amanzi (amasebe);
- izinto ezinobungozi bezinto eziphilayo (amaqabunga awayo, i-sawdust, amaphephandaba amandulo, i-straw);
- umcimbi we-nitrogenous organic (izitshalo zezityalo, umgquba, intlanzi, ukuhlaselwa kweentaka, i-mullein);
- omnye umgca we-carbonaceous organic matter;
- umgquba;
- Ihousehouse (ukuba uthe watyala izityalo ngaphambi kwexesha, unokubhenela umbhede nge polyethylene, kodwa oku akuyimfuneko).
Enye yeendlela zokwenza ilungiselelo lemibhede efudumeleyo imibhede ejikelezayo yokhukhamba, i-zucchini kunye nezinye izityalo ezikhulayo. Ukwenza oku, amathayi omdala endala aya kuba luncedo: asetyenziswa endaweni yebhokisi, gcina ukushisa kakuhle kwaye ukhuthaze ukufudumala okongeziweyo kwibhede. Ephakathi kwendawo, musa ukulibala ukuqhuba kwindawo yokuxhasa.
Abagadi bezolimo abanolwazi bancoma ukutyilisa imibhede efudumele kunye nesisombululo se-biopreparation "Shine", kunye namanzi aqhelekileyo kunye nokuxhaphazwa kwamanzi.
Gcina ukhumbule ukuba kunyaka wokuqala kwisiqwenga esifudumele awuyikutshala izityalo ezinepropati yokufumana i-nitrates: iibhere, i-radishes, i-dill, isipinashi, iparsley. Ngokuqhelekileyo, iibhedi ezifudumele zenzelwa izityalo zemifuno: iikomkom, ii-eggplants, utamatisi, i-pepper, i-zucchini, ithanga, elithatha ngokukhawuleza ukufumana izondlo ezisemhlabeni. Ngekuqala kweyesibini entwasahlobo, unokuhlwayela iklabishi emhlophe, i-lettuce, isilimo esidliwayo esinamagatsha anamanzi, kunye neyesithathu zityalo kunye neemfuno ezincinci zezondlo.
Unokudibanisa iibhedi ezifudumele kunye nendlela yokukhulisa imifuno kwi-mitlajderu (imibhede emancinci kakhulu kumgama omnye). Le ndlela iza kusebenza ngakumbi kunezo zombini ezi ndlela ngokwahlukileyo.
Kulunge nini ukwenza imibhede efudumeleyo?
Ukuqala ifowuni yeemibhede ezifudumele kukuhle ekwindla, kuba:
- Okokuqala, ekwindla uza kufumana ubuninzi bezinto eziphilayo zendalo: amahlamvu asomileyo, amaqabunga amazambane, i-hay, utshani, njl.
- Okwesibini, entwasahlobo yomsebenzi kwintsimi nakwimimandla yasimiyezo kuninzi ekwindla: kuyimfuneko ukumba, ukukhulula, ukutshala, amanzi kunye nokubandakanya ilungiselelo leebhedi ngokukodwa. Ngoko ke, ngokukhawuleza xa usenza isigqibo sokwenza iqhosha elifudumeleyo, ungalibali kuze kube yintwasahlobo: iya kukugcina ixesha elixabisekileyo.
Ngentwasahlobo kuya kuba yimfuneko yokwenza iibhedi ngexesha lexesha: bamba imingxuma, ukuba kuyimfuneko, yongeza umgquba kubo kwaye utyale izityalo.