Iingcamango zokutshintsha izinto ezicacileyo zichaza imigaqo yokuziphatha ekhethekileyo eyenza abantu ngokuzithandela bancede abanye, kwaye bahlala bebingelela izinto zabo, iiminqweno kunye neemfuno zabo. UAuguste Comte, isazi sefilosofi saseFransti owadala le nkcazo, wayekholelwa ukuba i-motto enkulu ye-altruist yayinqaku elithi "phila abanye".
Ingxaki yokuguquka
Ngokuqhelekileyo umntu unokuva ukuchaswa kwe-altruism njengelona nqanaba eliphezulu lokugatya iimfuno zomntu, kunye nokuziphatha njengendlela ephezulu yokuzimela. Nangona kunjalo, eqinisweni, ezi ngcamango zombini zididekile, zifakela enye indawo, ekubeni i-altruist ikholelwa ukuba yenza izinto ezisekelwe kuphela kwiminqweno yokunceda abanye, kwaye ngokwenene inokuzixhamla izibonelelo ezizimeleyo, zona ngokwazo ziphikisana nombono wobuqu.
I-Egoism kunye nokunyaniseka kweengqondo zisoloko zixhaswa ngenye ingqiqo-ukuzithethelela. Ukuzibonakalisa okunempilo ukwanelisa iimfuno zakho, kungekhona ngeendleko zabanye abantu, okubhekwa njengento enengqiqo, echanekileyo nenempilo, ngoxa ukuzingca kugxeka ngenxa yokungahoywa kwemigangatho yoluntu ukuhambelana neminqweno yakho.
Nangona kunjalo, kukho ezininzi iingxaki ze-altruism, kuba abantu abaneemfuno zokuziphatha ezingagqibekanga babe yi-altruists. Kukho ezininzi, kodwa enye yeyona nto ibaluleke kakhulu imfuno yokuba ngumntu obalulekileyo, oku kufezwa ngale ndlela.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukunyaniseka kukunceda abanye, ukusukela kwiinjongo zokomoya kunye neminqweno yomntu, oko kukuthi, into eyenzayo eyenza umntu enze iimfuno zakhe ngokunceda abanye.
Imizekelo yokutshintsha
Kunokwenzeka ukujonga le ngxaki ukusuka kumaphuzu ahlukileyo ahlukeneyo, kwaye kulula ukwenza oku ngokuqwalasela imimiselo yezinto ezinqabileyo.
- Ibhinqa likhathalela umyeni wayo nabantwana, linceda abamelwane bakhe,
unikela ngeminikelo kwabampofu, kodwa ngexesha elifanayo ayifumani ixesha, iimfuno zakhe, izinto ezithandwayo kunye nokubonakala. - Umfazi wobunxila obunxilisayo obambezela umyeni onxila, uzama ukumnceda ngandlela-thile, okanye ngokuthobeka uyamkhathalela, ukulibala ngaye.
Kule mizekelo emibini, ukuziphatha okungenakuzibandakanya kuhambelana nokufezekiswa kwemfuno yezidingo, apho umntu engavumi ukuzivuma ngokwakhe. Nangona kunjalo, kukho eminye imizekelo apho, nantoni na inokuthi, ayikho inzuzo kumntu ngokwakhe. Ngokomzekelo, ijoni elimboza umzimba wakhe ngomgodi ukuze abo bahlobo bakhe badlule. Ngenxa yoko, iqhawe lifa, lenze i-feat, kwaye lisiza uyise ukuba alinqobe-kwaye oku kuyinyaniso, apho kungekho sabelo sezinzuzo zayo.