Kulo mhlaba, ngaphezu kweli lizwekazi, kunamacandelo amaninzi amancinci ajikelezwe ngamacala onke ngamanzi. Zibizwa ngokuba ziziqithi. Inombolo ecacileyo yenzululwazi imfihlelo, kodwa namhlanje kukho idatha kwiziqithi eziliqela eziliqela.
Iziqithi zinokuthi zingatshatanga kwaye zenze amaqela onke, abizwa ngokuba yii-archipelagos. Ukuba iindawo zomhlaba zibonakala ngenxa yokudibanisa kwamacwecwe amabini okanye ngaphezulu kweelfibhethi, zolulelwe enye emva kwesinye ngechungechungqo oluncinci, zibizwa ngokuba yi-arcs island. Ngokwemvelaphi, iinqithi ziyi-continental kunye ne-volcanic. Kukho udidi oluxubileyo-iinqanawa zase-coral (imifula kunye ne-atolls). Kodwa ubukhulu babo buhluke kakhulu.
Isiqithi esikhulu
Ukuze ukwazi ukuba yeyiphi isiqithi esona sikhulu kunazo zonke kwihlabathi kunye noko kubizwayo, kwanele ukujonga ihlabathi eliqhelekileyo. Ubukhulu besiqithi bukhulu kangangokuba uya kuwubona ngokukhawuleza - yiGreenland . Ingingqi yayo i-2.2 million square meters! IGreenland yiphondo elizimele laseDanish. Ngenxa yokuxhaswa kweDanish, abahlali besiqithi banethuba lokufumana imfundo yamahhala, unyango lwezempilo. Isimo sezulu esi siqithi sinzima kakhulu, kwanaxesha elifudumalayo ukushisa okuqhelekileyo akudluli kwi-10 degrees yobushushu, nangona kukho i-degrees ukuya kwi-degrees ezingama-21. Umkhwa omkhulu, ohlala ngabantu basekuhlaleni, uloba. Ngendlela, abantu besiqithi ngo-2011 babe ngabantu abangama-57.6.
Abantu bokuqala abaye bafumana eGreenland ngaphezu kweminyaka engama-4 eyadlulayo be-Eskimos ababefuduka bevela kwilizwekazi laseMerika. Kuze kube yiminyaka engamashumi eminyaka edlulileyo, iGreenland yavalwa kwihlabathi langaphandle, kwaye umgangatho wokuhlala apha ushiyeke kakhulu. Imfazwe yajika le siqithi ibe yintonga yamabutho eMerika. Ukususela ngeli xesha, ihlabathi lonke lifunde ngokukhokelwa kwesi siqithi. Kwaye namhlanje, iGreenland ayikwazi ukubizwa ngokuthi ivulekile kwaye ifumaneka kubakhenkethi. Oku akusizi kakuhle kwindawo yayo. Nangona kunjalo, uncedo lwabavangeli basemazweni aseDenmark lunempembelelo yalo - ngokuthe kancinane isiqithi siphuhlisa izibonelelo zendalo . Kule shishini uhulumeni waseGreenland unalo ithemba. Kukho into ekubonayo. Ubume ngokwalo, phantse ungatshitshiswa yimpucuko, unakho kulo.
Iziqithi ezili-10 eziphezulu kwihlabathi
Kwiziqithi ezili-10 ezinkulu kwihlabathi, ngaphandle kweGreenland, ehlala kwindawo ye nkokeli, iquka isiqithi saseNew Guinea . Nangona iindawo zalo zincinci kathathu, le siqithi kwakukho kwindawo yesibili yehlabathi. I-Guinée entsha idibene ngokulinganayo phakathi kwe-Indonesia nePapua New Guinea. Iinqununu ezintathu eziphezulu ziqithi zaseKalimantan , indawo yalo i-37 000 yeekhilomitha ezili-1,6 ezincinci kunommandla waseNew Guinea. I-Kalimantan yahlula phakathi kweBrunei, iMalaysia ne-Indonesia.
Indawo yesine yowesiqithi sase- Madagascar . Ummandla wayo ungamaekhilomitha angama-578.7. Emva koko kuza isiqithi saseCanada seBaffin Island (iikhilomitha ezili-507 ezikhilomitha) kunye ne-Indonesian Sumatra (iikhilomitha ezili-443 zeekhilomitha).
Kwindawo ye sixhenxe isiqithi esikhulu kunazo zonke eYurophu- Great Britain . Namalungu amathathu e-United Kingdom yaseBrithani enkulu naseMntla Ireland (eNgilani, eWales naseScotland). Ummandla wale siqithi ungangesiqingatha sezona ziqithi ezikhokelayo, kodwa kunye nokumangalisayo - i-229.8 yeekhilomitha ezili-square.
Iziqithi ezilishumi ezikhulu kwihlabathi ziqithi zaseJapan zaseHonshu (iikhilomitha ezili-227 zeekhilomitha eziliwaka), kunye neziqithi ezimbini zaseCanada - iVictoria (83.8 lamawaka eekhilomitha ezili-1,9) kunye ne- Elmsmere (ii-196,2 iikhilomitha ezili-square). km).