Njengazo naziphi na ezinye izityalo ezisuka kumyezo wethu, iitata zineentshaba zayo, ezinciphisa isivuno semifuno engcambu: inambuzane ehlukahlukeneyo, i-spores fungal, i-bacteria kunye ne-virus. Kubiza kakhulu kwaye kulula ukuqhuba ukulwa okukhuselene nezifo zepatato, kodwa ukuba ukugcinwa kokukhusela kungabancedi, ke izinto ezihlukahlukeneyo zamachiza ziza kunceda umthengisi wemifuno. Ukuze ukhethe ngokufanelekileyo indlela yomzabalazo wokugcina isivuno esiphezulu sezambatho, kufuneka ukwazi ukuba zeziphi izifo ngokubanzi "ezinokubandezeleka" kwesi sityalo segadi. Kukho izifo ezininzi zeetatate, ezinye zazo ziyamangaliswa njengoko zikhula emhlabathini, ezinye zihlasela ngexesha lokugcina.
Izifo kunye nezinambuzane zeebhatate
Akukho nto eyingozi kakhulu kwiitatayi ezenzelwe wonke umntu kwi-beetle eyaziwayo. Yena kunye namaqabunga akhe adle amaqabunga, kunye namahlumela amancinci amazambane. Ngaphantsi kwemaqabunga, i-Colorado beetle ifikelela kumaqanda angama-70, apho ikhula ibe yi-larva kunye ne-pupa. Ihlobo elifudumele likhuthaza ukuphindaphinda okukhethekileyo kwesi sifo.
Isifo sama-tuber tubers sibangela i-wireworm ehlala emhlabeni. Izibungu zale bhungane zidlula kwi-tuber kwaye zibangele ukubola kwayo. Ngenxa yombala oqaqambileyo le nkathazo ibonakala ngokucacileyo emhlabathini, ingaqokelelwa ngesandla ize ibhujiswe. Unako ukubeka iinqwelo phakathi kweengqayi zeeqathe kunye namazambane phakathi kwemiqolo. Emva kokuba iintlekele zihlanganiswe kuwo, iziqhenqa ziqokelelwa zitshiswa kwi-kerosene. I-wireworm ihlala ihlala ingqolowa yengqolowa, ngoko ke kufuneka silwe rhoqo nale nokhula. Into eyingozi kakhulu ibangelwa yi-wireworm ehlobo elomileyo. Ngoko ukuthambisa amazambane, kunye nokuqala kwekwindla yokumba umhlaba, kubalulekile amanyathelo okukhusela.
Esinye sezifo eziyingozi kakhulu zefayibhile zepatate zikhuselekile, apho amaqabunga, iziqu kunye nezilimo eziyizigaxa zichaphazelekayo. Amaqabunga amazambane avela kwiindawo ezimancinci ezincinci, ezithe gqolo zisasaze kwisiqhamo sonke kwaye zikhokelela ekufeni kwayo. Ukuba ngexesha lokuvuna amazambane ama-tubers adibanisa namagqabi asulelekileyo, i-fungus kunye nezilimo eziyizigaxa zitsholongwane. Esinye isifo se-fungus sama-tuber tubers yi-phomosis, apho isilonda esincinci sibonakala kwi-tuber. Emva koko, iyaqhaqhazela, ikhunjulwe ngeqhwa, kwaye i-tuber iya kuphazamiseka.
Isifo esiyingozi kakhulu se-tubers ngumhlaza wezambane. Ngaphandle, izilwanyana ezichaphazelekayo kwesi sifo ziyafana nekholifulawa kwaye azifanelekanga ukusetyenziswa kuzo zonke. Xa kutyalwe kuyimfuneko ukukhetha iintlobo zeebhatate ezinqandekayo.
Izifo zebhakteria zamazambane
Eyona nto inobungozi zizifo zebhakteria zeebhatate, ezifana nokubola kwendandatho, i-black stem stem kunye ne-bacteriosis ye-mucous. Umxundu omnyama weempawu uyathintela isityalo ngexesha leentyantyambo kwaye ikhokelela ekufeni kwayo. Esi sifo sinokuchaphazela ama-tubers agcinwe okanye atyala, ebola. I-Potato rot ijikeleza zonke iinxalenye zesityalo, ngelixa inxalenye yendiza iyabuna, kunye nezilimo eziyizigaxa zibola. Isifo esitsha sisifo se-bacteriosis okanye i-brown brown, ehlala emhlabeni. Kulungile kakhulu kwimvula emvula nemvula.
Izifo zepatati ngexesha lokugcina
Ukuba izilimo eziyizigaxa zonakaliswe ngokukhawuleza ngexesha lokuvunwa kwezambane, ke ukubola okumanzi kwenzeka kamva - ulusu lonakaliswe kwaye inyama iya kuthoba. Xa ugcina amazambane kwiipilazi ezingenawo umoya ophuculweyo, izilimo eziyizigaxa ziyahluthwa, kwaye zikhawuleza zibole. Yaye ukuba igumbi elingaphandle libandayo, ngenxa yokuqhwala, i-pulp ye-mbatata iyaba mnandi kwi-taste and decays.
Ukuze ugweme ezo zifo zepatate, kufuneka ukhethe unqabileyo kwiintlobo zezifo, ukuvuna isivuno ngexesha kwaye uyigcine, ukugcina yonke imithetho nemimiselo. Emva koko uqokelele "isinkwa sesibini" ngokwaneleyo kwisityalo esitsha.