Xa kungcono ukutyala utamatisi, akuhlali bonke abahlali behlobo abaziyo kwaye ngokuqhelekileyo banomncintiswano okhutheleyo, ohlwayela ngaphambili. Okwangoku, kukho ezininzi iingcebiso malunga nobudala obuphezulu bezityalo zentamatato ngokuza kwakhe kwindawo engunaphakade. Ukongezelela, akunzima ukubala ixesha lokuhlwayela imbewu yamatamatisi.
Xa uhlwayela utamatisi kwiimbewu?
Qinisekisa ixesha lokutshala utamatisi kwizityalo ziza kunceda ukubonisa iintlobo ezahlukeneyo. Uza kuxela ixesha lokutsalwa kweentyatyambo kwiitampu ukuvuna. Ngokomzekelo, kwiimvumi kunye neentlobo zokuqala, eli xesha li malunga neentsuku ezili-100. Ukufumana isityalo se-tomato ngo-Julayi 20, ukuhlwayela kufuneka kwenziwe kwimihla eyi-100, apho songeza khona iveki-ixesha lokuhlwayela imbewu, iintsuku ezintathu zokusinda kwezithombo emva kokutshala. Kuphela iintsuku ezili-110. Oku kuthetha ukuba le ntlobo kufuneka ihlwayelwe ngo-Ephreli 1. Ukuba uceba ukukhula izityalo zentamatayi kwindawo yokutshisa, awufanele uhlanyele imbewu kuze kube ngu-10 Matshi. Olandelayo uchaza isalathisi yithuba lokutshala izityalo zentamati kwindawo engunaphakade.
Xa kutyalwa izityalo zentantana?
Konke kuxhomekeke apho ufuna ukutshala izityalo. Ukuba i-greenhouse okanye umhlaba okhuselekile, apho yonke ixesha elikhulayo liya kukhula, ngoko kufuneka izityalo zihlwayelwe ngaphambili.
Ukutshala izityalo kumhlaba okhuselekileyo kufuneka kwenzeke phakathi koMeyi, kwindawo evulekile-ekuqaleni kukaJuni. Unyaka ophezulu kakhulu weetato ezitshalayo ukutshala emhlabeni (kuxhomekeke kwiintlobo ezahlukeneyo) ziintsuku ezingama-50-60.
Ukukhula kwezithombo kwi-greenhouse etshalwe ukusuka ngomhla we-1 ukuya ku-10 kuMeyi. Ngeli xesha, kusele lipholile ebusuku, ngoko kuyacetyiswa ukuba ugubungele i-greenhouse eneziqendu ezimbini zefilimu, phakathi kokufuneka ushiye i-2-3 cm. Oku kuya kuphucula ulawulo lwe-thermesi nokukhusela ifilimu ephantsi. Ifilimu ephezulu isuswa ekuqaleni kukaJuni. I-greenhouse apho iitamatisi ziza kukhula kufuneka iphile kakuhle, ngakumbi ngexesha leentyantyambo. Ukukhusela izifo kwisityalo esithile sokutsalwa kwetamatisi iminyaka emininzi kumqolo akufanelekanga.
Indlela yokukhulisa izityalo zeerato?
Nazi ezinye iingcebiso ezibalulekileyo:
- Sebenzisa izitya zokugcina izityalo. Kungcono ukuba ungathathi imithi, apho ii-microorganisms zanda kakuhle, kodwa iipayipi zeplastiki okanye iipotyi.
- Thatha umgquba wendalo kunye nekhethekileyo kwiimbewu. Gcwalisa isitya kunye nomquba, sisebenzise ngokulula kwaye uyilungise.
- Hlwanyela imbewu uze ufefe umgca we-compost, uwuhluthe nge sihlunu. Emva koko gubungela i-tray ngephepha lekraft neglasi. Ukuba iphepha liba ngumdaka, litshintshe.
- Gcina urhulumente weqondo lokushisa we-17-19 ° C. Ukukhula izityalo utamatisi kulungele ukuvelisa kwi-mini-greenhouse ngokufudumala. Izithombo zingakhula kwifestile kwiqondo lokushisa lika-16-19 ° C.
- Xa kukho amahlumela, banikeze ngokukhanyisa kakuhle nokunisela. Okokuqala, phakamisa iglasi okanye iphepha, kwaye emva kweentsuku ezimbalwa, zisuse ngokupheleleyo. Dlulisa isitya kwi
indawo ekukhanyeni kakuhle (gwema ukukhanya kwelanga) kwaye uyiguqule ngosuku. Umhlaba wezityalo zetamatati akufanele zime. Kukulungele ukusebenzisa isitshizi sokunkcenkceshela. - Xa kuthe kwavela iiflethi ezimbini zangempela kwisityalo, iitamatisi ziwela emathreyini, iibhotile okanye ibhokisi yokutyala. Apho bahleli emgama ka 3-4 cm omnye komnye. Emva kokukhetha, iitereyi zigcinwa emthunzini iintsuku ezimbalwa kwi-9-11 ° C.
- Emva kokuba izityalo zomelele, ziqala ukulungiselela ukutyala emhlabathini ovulekile, oko kukuthi, ukucutha. Ukuqhaqhaqhaqhaqhaqho kukuqukumbela nokuqhubeka nokugcinwa kwigumbi elingahlaliyo ngeveki. Kuphela emva koko, izithombo zetamatato zityalwa kwindawo evulekile.