- Idilesi: iUlikooli 18, 50090 iTartu, Estonia;
- Ifowuni: +372 737 5100;
- Iwebhusayithi: ut.ee;
- Umsunguli: uGustav II Adolf;
- Umhla wokusekwa: 1632.
Kwisixeko sase-Estonia saseTartu kukho izikhumbuzo ezininzi zembali kunye nolwakhiwo lwezakhiwo, enye yezinto ezikhangayo ziyinyuvesi. Iziko lemfundo ephakamileyo liye laziwa ngokuba yi-atmospheric bohemian kunye neengqondo, okuye kwimizila kunye nezindlwana kwixesha elide. IYunivesithi yaseTartu yindoda enkulu kunazo zonke e- Estonia , ifakwe uluhlu lweziko eliphezulu zemfundo ephakamileyo kwihlabathi.
IYunivesithi yeTartu - inkcazo
Isiko semfundo ephakamileyo sifakwe kwimibutho yeeYunivesithi zaseYurophu njenge-Utrecht Network kunye neQela leCymbra. Kodwa abakhenkethi beza kuwubona kwaye ngesinye isizathu kwiTartu (Estonia) - IYunivesithi yaseTartu ihlala isakhiwo esisezona ziqheno ezidumeleyo zesixeko. Kwiziko lemfundo ephakamileyo, iingcali ziqeqeshiwe kule mimandla elandelayo:
- philology;
- mayeza;
- zengqondo;
- kwikhompyutha yesayensi.
Ekubeni, kukho amaziko amane eyunivesithi, ahlukaniswe ngamaziko kunye neekholeji, kwaye kukho nakwezinye izixeko: Narva, Pärnu naseViljandi. Kwinqununu yase-Estonia yiofisi yeSikolo soMthetho kunye ne-Maritime Institute, kunye nokumelela. Kodwa ezininzi zezakhiwo zijoliswe kwiTartu.
Imbali yendalo
Umhla wokusekwa kweYunivesithi yaseTartu ithathwa ngokuba yi-Juni 30, 1632. Kwakungomhla lowo ukumkani waseSweden wasayina ummiselo owasekwa kwiDolpat Academy. Lelo liyigama lokuqala leziko lemfundo ngaphantsi kwayo, ngelixa i-Estonia yayingaphantsi kolawulo lwesiSwidi.
Ngo-1656, iYunivesithi yadluliselwa eTallinn, kwaye ngo-1665 imisebenzi yayo yaphela. Iyunivesiti yavula iingcango zayo kwakhona phambi kwalabo abafuna ukufumana ulwazi ngo-1690, xa waphinda wafumana eTartu. Kuphela ngoku igama layo lizwakala njenge-Academia Gustavo-Carolina. I-1695-1697 yayinzima kwiyunivesiti ngenxa yezenzo zokulwa kunye neSweden, okwabangelwa indlala kwisixeko. Ngako oko, i-academy yathunyelwa ePärnu, njengoko iimeko zazingcono.
Ngowe-1889 inkqubo yokufunda yayiyiRussia, kwaye eyunivesithi ngokwayo yaqanjwa ngokuthi i-Imperial Yuryevsky. Ngeli gama, lahlala kwada ngowe-1918. Igama lalo langoku linikezelwa kwiziko ngexesha leMfazwe Yehlabathi yokuqala. Xa intsimi yayihlala ngamaJamani, iyunivesithi yathunyelwa kuRhulumente wexesha elihle.
Ngomhla kaDisemba 1, 1919, waqala umsebenzi phantsi kolawulo lukaPeeter Puld, kwaye izazi zenzululwazi ezazivunyelwe zivela eSweden, eFinland naseJamani. Uqeqesho lwaluqhutyelwa ngesi-Estonia. Emva kokuba i-Estonia ijoyine i-USSR, inkqubo yoqeqesho yayitshintshiwe ngokupheleleyo, izibophelelo zakudala zaphulwa. Ngexesha leSoviet, abaphumelele kwiYunivesithi baba neengcali ze-philologists, iilwimi kunye nabagqirha, kunye nabanye abantu abaninzi.
Emva kokubuyiselwa kokuzimela kwe-Estonia, iYunivesithi yaseTartu yayixakekile ukuvuselela izixhobo ezilahlekileyo kunye nezithethe ukususela ngo-1989 ukuya ku-1992. Namhlanje isikolo sithandwa kakhulu kwaye sihle kakhulu kweli lizwe. Kodwa abakhenkethi abanomdla kakhulu kwiinkqubo zemfundo njengemyuziyam yaseYunivesithi yaseTartu.
Izixhobo zemyuziyam
Kwiimyuziyam unokufunda okuninzi ngembali yesayensi, ukuba imfundo yeyunivesithi ishintshile njani kwi-17 leminyaka ukuya kutsho namhlanje. Izikhokelo ziya kuxelela ngokuphila komfundi, i-astronomy kunye neyeza. Izihlandlo azigcinwanga kuphela ngesi-Estonian nangesiNgesi, kodwa nakwiiRashiya, isiJamani. Iimyuziyamu zithengisa izikhumbuzo, zisebenza ngamagumbi okufundela, kunye neeklasi kubantwana.
Iimyuziyamu zivulekele iindwendwe ukusuka ngoMeyi ukuya ekupheleni kukaSeptemba, ithikithi ibiza ama-euro ama-5 kubantu abadala kunye ne-4 yeeyure kubantwana, ezi zixabiso lehlobo. I-museum ingafumaneka kwakhona ukususela ngo-Oktobha ukuya ekupheleni kuka-Ephreli ukuya kwi-4 i-euro nganye kumntu omdala kunye ne-3 i-euro nganye ngomntwana.
Ukujonga izakhiwo
Ukuhamba kunye nokuzungeze isakhiwo saseyunivesiti, eyakhiwe kwisitayela sokudala esakhiwe ngumakhi wezakhiwo uJohann Krause. Zonke iziganeko ezibalulekileyo kunye nezibongozo zibhiyozelwa kwindumiso emangalisayo yeholo yeendibano.
Enye "ukugqamisa" kwesakhiwo yiseli kwisiteji se-attic yesakhiwo esikhulu. Apha, kuthiwa abafundi bexesha elidala bacinga ngokuziphatha kwabo. Ubukho babo buthethwa ngoluhlu lweemidwebo kwiindonga, iingcango kunye nelayili. Ngaloo xesha kukho ubugcisa bomntu kwi-facade yesakhiwo, phakathi kwayo kulula ukufumana i-graphite yamanje.
Ilayibrari yeYunivesithi yaseTartu yagubha iminyaka engama-200, kodwa ngeli xesha isakhiwo sivaliwe ukulungiswa. Ukuba kuqala kwakukho kumgangatho wesibini wendlu yangasese, ngoko ngenxa yesikhwama sokwandisa kwagqitywa ukunikezela isakhiwo esithile. Emva koko umakhi we-I. I-Krause ubuyisela kwakhona iiyuniti zebandla elihle laseGothic eliye labhujiswa ngexesha leMpi yaseVieton kunye nomlilo we-1624.
Inqaku elithandekayo kukuba kwesi sakhiwo i-elevator yokuqala yakhiwe ukuze ithathe iincwadi. Ingxowa yelayibrari yanamhlanje iincwadi ezinezigidi ezi-4, phakathi kwazo zizinto ezininzi ezingabonakaliyo. Ngokuza kwekhompyutheni yekhompyutheni, inkqubo yenkcazelo yekhompyutheni yenziwe, apho abafundi kunye neengcali zikhangela iincwadi ezifunekayo kwindawo yokusebenzela.
Ndingafika njani?
Ukufikelela kwiYunivesithi yaseTartu kuya kuba nzima, kuba ikhona kwiDolophu yaseKapa . Unokufika khona ngebhasi, uhambe kwindawo yokumisa "i-Raeplats" okanye "Lai".