- Idilesi: iUlikooli 18 50090 iTartu, Estonia;
- Umsunguli: uHermann Buksgewden;
- Ixesha lo msebenzi: cf. - Ilanga. ukususela ngo-11: 00 ukuya ku-17: 00;
- Ifowuni: +372 737 5674;
- Iwebhusayithi: muuseum.ut.ee.
I-Future of Dome Cathedral, esekwiSixeko sase- Estonia saseTartu , esona siqhumane esikhulu sakhiwo sakhiwo, siyinto ekhethekileyo kwaye idabukisayo. Isakhiwo esakhiwe kwi-Middle Ages okwamanje asisetyenziselwe injongo yaso. Umsebenzi wokubuyiselwa wathintela kuphela inxalenye encinci yokwakha ubukhulu. Ngoku kule nxalenye imyuziyam yeYunivesithi yaseTartu.
Imbali yokuvela
I-Dome Cathedral kaPetros noPawulos yayakhiwa kwindawo ebaluleke kakhulu - intaba ecaleni kweMlambo i-Emajõgi. Sekudlulileyo kumaxesha amandulo kwakukho ukuqiniswa kwabahedeni base-Estonia, kodwa ngo-1224 isakhiwo sokuqala sabhujiswa ngabantu baseLibonian. Ukuzimela kwilizwe eliyinqobisekileyo, iinqwewa zaqala ukwakha inqaba, eya kuba yindawo yokuhlala kubhishophu, uComprum Tarbatae.
Yonke into ehleliyo kwesi sakhiwo yindawo ehleliyo yeendonga, ezifunyanwa ngabavubukuli ngenxa yemigodi. Inxalenye yesibini yekhulu le-13 yaphawulwa ngokuqala kokwakhiwa kwetemathana yeGothic kwenye inxalenye yentaba. Emva kwayo kwakukho amathuna kunye nezakhiwo zasefama. Inkundla yamatyala yayingcwatshiswe ekuzukisweni kwabangcwele bakaPetros noPawulos, ababengumqeshi wesixeko.
Ukwakhiwa kwakha isakhiwo esikhulu senkolo eMpuma Yurophu, kwakunye neziko le-bishopu yaseDorpatian. Okokuqala, iDhedral Cathedral (iTartu) yakhiwa ngendlela ye-basilica, kodwa ngokuhamba kwexesha, isakhiwo esikhulu sasihlanganiswa ngamacwecwe, kwaye isakhiwo saba njengeholo yecawa.
Izandiso zokuqala zavela kakade ngo-1299, kwaye emva kweenkulungwane ezimbini i-cathedral yayihlotshiswe ngamakhorethi aphezulu, iikholam kunye neentsika. Zonke zazo zenziwe ngesitena sezitena zamaGothi. Ekugqibeleni, kubonakala iindonga ezimbini eziphezulu, ngamnye ngamanqanaba angama-66, ngamnye kumacala ommandla osentshonalanga. Umsebenzi wokwakha wagqitywa ekupheleni kwekhulu le-XV, xa kwakhiwa udonga, ukwahlula indawo yokubhaptiza kuyo yonke loo mzi.
Indlela inkundla yamatyala yawela ngayo
Ukutshatyalaliswa kwesi sakhiwo kwaqala ngenxa yeNguqulelo, apho i-cathedral ihlaselwa ngamaConstantant iconoclasts. Emva kokuba umbhishophu wokugqibela wamaKatolika uthunyelwe eMbusweni waseRussia, i-kedarela ayisasetyenziswa, yachithwa, njengesixeko sonke, ngexesha leMpi yaseLibonian.
Iinzame zokwakha kwakhona isakhiwo zenziwa ngamaKatolika, ngelixa ummandla wawuphantsi kolawulo lwasePoland, kodwa oku bekuthintelwe yimfazwe neSweden. Emva komlilo, okwenzeka ngo-1624, eso sakhiwo sachithwa ngakumbi. I-cathedral yajika yaba yincithakalo xa intsimi yadlulela eSweden ngo-1629.
Abasemagunyeni basekhaya basebenzisa kuphela amangcwaba de ukuya kwi-XVIII leminyaka, kwaye izakhiwo zasemapulazini ezisele ziba ngumgcini. Ukongezelela, ukuphakama kweendonga bekutshintshelwe ukuya kuma-22 m, ukuya phezulu apho izibhamu zafakwa khona, kwaye ingeniso eyintloko yapheliswa. Konke oku kwenzeka kwi-1760s.
Emva kokuvulwa kweYunivesithi yaseDorpat kwiindawo ezinxuwa ze-kedare, kwakhiwa ilayibrari yamathala amathathu, eyenzelwe ngumakhi waseKrause. Kwakhona wayenombono wokuguqula enye yeendonga zibe ngumboniso. Nangona kunjalo, oku kwakungenakwenzeka ukuba kwenzeke, ngoko i-observatory yayakhiwe ukususela ekuqaleni.
Kwiminyaka elandelayo, ithala leencwadi landa kakhulu, kwaye isakhiwo sinezixhobo zokufudumeza. Kancinci isakhiwo sajika saba yimbumbulu yeyunivesithi, egcina amawaka emiboniso ekhethekileyo.
Kubakhenkethi kwiphepha
Intaba apho iDome Cathedral ifumaneka ipaki apho abakhenkethi banokufumana i-snack kwizikhululo zokutya ezikarhulumente, kwaye bahambahamba kunye neendlwana kunye nokuzikhumbuza izikhumbuzo kwabanye abantu abadumileyo. Ukusuka kwidolophu yakudala kwakukho ipakethe yokubona, apho bonke abahambahambayo bephakama ngokukhawuleza.
Ukwenza oku, kwanele ukuthenga ithikithi lokungena kwaye unqobe i-ladder, okungafani nezinye iindawo ezifanayo, kulungile. Endleleni ezindwendwe eziphezulu zineembono ezimangalisayo zentendelezo yangaphakathi yecawa, kwaye banokuphinda bahlole ingaphakathi lecawa. Uncedo lokwenza ingcamango malunga neCathhedral of Dome, engabonwa ngaphambi kokutyelela.
Ukuba eTartu , bonke abatyeleli bafuna apho iDome Cathedral ikhona khona. Itholakala phezulu kwentaba yaseToomemyagi kwiziko lembali laseTartu, eListor Tanav Street, 25. Kodwa kufuneka sikhumbule ukuba ukutyelela i-cathedral kuvulwe kuphela ehlobo. Inqaba inokunyuka xa ufika kwixesha ukususela ngo-Ephreli ukuya kuNovemba.
Kukho iingcamango ezininzi ezinxulumene neDome Cathedral. Omnye wabo uthi ngomoya wentombazana encinci edongxwe kwiindonga zetempile. NgoNyaka omtsha, uhambahamba ngecawa aze akhangele umntu onokuyidlulisela iqhosha leentshixo ahlala ehamba naye. Ukongezelela, kukholwa ukuba umoya ungatsho malunga nendawo apho ubuncwane bunomhla othile. Nangona kunjalo, yiyiphi imini yile, akukho mntu uyaziyo.
Ndingafika njani?
Unokufika kwiDome Cathedral ngebhasi, kufuneka uhambe kwelinye lezithuba ezikufuphi: "I-Raeplats", "Lai" kunye ne "Näituse".