- Idilesi: Merapi, Suroteleng, Selo, Boyolali Regency, Central Java, Indonesia
- Ukuphakama ngaphezu kweselwandle: 2930 m
- Ukugqitywa kokugqibela: Matshi 10, 2014.
E- Indonesia kunee- volcano ezili-128, kodwa ezona zikhutheleyo kwaye ziyingozi ngabo ziyiMerapi (iGunung Merapi). Itholakala ngasemzantsi kwesiqithi seJava kufuphi nedolophana yaseYogyakarta kwaye idume ngokuba yonke imihla iyabhema kwaye iphosa umlotha, amatye kunye neziqwenga ze-magma emoyeni.
Ulwazi jikelele
Igama le-volcano liguqulelwa ukusuka kulwimi lwakhona njenge "intaba yomlilo". Itholakala kwindawo ephakamileyo ye-2930 m ngaphezu kweqondo lolwandle. I-Merapi ifumaneka kwindawo apho i-Astraliya ipakiti ihlanganiswa yi-Eurasian, kwaye kumgca wephulo, eyona ndawo isempuma-mpuma ye-Pacific emlilweni womlilo.
Abemi beengingqi bayesaba kwaye bafana ne-volcano yeMerapi ngelo xesha. Kwiindawo ezikufuphi kwentaba kukho inani elikhulu leendawo zokuhlala, nangona phantse yonke intsapho ihlupheke ngexesha lokuqhuma. Ngelo xesha, umlotha owela emasimini wenza loo mazwe atshake kakhulu kwisiqithi sonke.
Umsebenzi wentshukumo
Ukuqhuma okukhulu kwe-volcano yeMerapi kwenzeka ngeyodwa kwiminyaka emibini, kunye nemincinci - minyaka emi-2. Iintlekele zendalo eziyingozi kakhulu zenzeke apha:
- ngo-1006, ukuqala kokubhalwa ngokusemthethweni, xa umbuso waseJavan waseMataram wawusondele ngokupheleleyo;
- ngowe-1673 - kwakukho ukukhululwa komonakalo owonakalisayo, okonakalisa iidolophana ezininzi kunye nezixeko ezininzi eziphantsi kwentaba;
- ngo-1930, abantu abangaphezu kwe-1,300 bafa ngenxa yokuqhuma kwe-volcano yeMerapi kwisiqithi saseJava;
- Ngowe-1974, izinto zendalo zonakalisa iindawo ezi-2 ezinkulu;
- Ngowe-1975 - iMerapi yayidla i-bridges ne-dolophu encinane, ibulale abantu abangama-29;
- ngo-2010, ukuqhutyelwa kokugqibela kwe-volcano kwenzeka, xa abahlanguli bekhupha abantu abayizigidi ezingama-35, abahlali base-353 basekhaya bangena kwi-pyroclastic flow and died.
La manani ahlaselayo axhaswa ngokufa kweemitha-mlilo kunye nabakhenkethi ngenxa yeengozi. Amangcwaba abo abonakala kwiNtaba yeMerapi.
I-Java iyisiqithi esona maninzi eseplanethi, kwaye ijikeleze i-volcano ihlala kubantu abangaba zigidi. Ukuqubuka okukhulu kweMerapi kuqala ngokukhutshwa komlotha othukutheleyo kunye nomlotha, ukufihla ilanga, kunye nokuzamazama komhlaba. Emva koko amatye amaninzi, ubukhulu bendlu, aqala ukuphaphaza ngaphandle kwekhontrakthi, kwaye iilva zixhamle ngokupheleleyo into yonke endleleni: amahlathi, iindlela, amadama, imifula, ifama, njl.
Umgaqo-nkqubo
Ngokumalunga nobunzima beemeko ezimbi, urhulumente uqalise iphrojekthi ukuba ifunde iitrato ze-volcanic kwaye ithathe ukulawula. Ukuze kususwe i-lava, iziteshi zekhonkrithi kunye nemigxobhozo yakhelwe apha, ekwazisa kwakhona ummandla ngamanzi. Malunga neMerapi, i-road-all-road igqityiwe, ubude bayo malunga neekhilomitha ezili-100. Iindawo ezinkulu zehlabathi kunye namazwe abela imali kule mi sebenzi, umzekelo, i-ASEAN, i-EEC, i-UN, i-USA, iCanada, njl.
Izinto zokutyelela
Ukunyuka kwi-volcano yaseMerapi e-Indonesia kukuhle ngexesha lonyaka owomileyo (ngo-Apreli ukuya kuNovemba). Ngethuba lezimvula, umsi kunye ne-steam ziqokelela phezulu kwentaba. Kukho iindlela ezimbini kwi-crater:
- Iyokuqala yindlela eyinkimbinkimbi eqala kwidolophana yaseKaliurang;
- okwesibini - ethandwa kakhulu kubakhenkethi, isiqalo sokuqala sisixeko saseNew Selo.
Ukunyuka kuyasetyenziswa ukusuka kwiiyure ezintathu ukuya kwezi-6. Ixesha lixhomekeka kwimozulu kunye namakhono okhenketho. Kuphezulu kwenkqutyana ungachitha ubusuku uze uhlangane nokusa.
Ndingafika njani?
Ukufikelela kumaphuzu okuqala okukhuphuka kakhulu kunokwenzeka ukusuka eJogjakarta kunye nohambo oluhlelekile okanye ngokuzimela ezindleleni:
- Jl. Magelang noJl. Raya Jogjakarta Solo / Jl. I-Raya Solo ekuhlaleni kwe-New Selo, uhambo luya kuma-2 iiyure;
- Jl. IPalagan Tentara Pelajar kunye neMagelang ukuya kwidolophana yaseKaliurang, umgama malunga ne-15 km.