Ngoxilongwane lwe-" encephalopathy " yesifo sengqondo (PEP), abazali abaninzi banamhlanje bajamelana nomntwana. Kwaye nangona igama eliguqulelwe kwisiGrike lithetha "isifo seengqondo", ngokuqhelekileyo ukunyamekela okufanelekileyo kungenawo umkhondo. Oku kuqhutyiswa ngakumbi ngethuba elimangalisayo lomzimba womntwana ukuziphilisa nokubuyisela. Ngoko ke, ukuba ufunde malunga nokuxilongwa kwe-PEP kumntwana wakho, ungakhathazeki. Ngokuchasene noko, abazali ngoku lixesha lokugcina uxolo kwengqondo - oku kudla ukubeka ithuba lokubuyisela imvumba.
I-PEP kubantwana: izibangela kunye nemiphumo
I-encephalopathy ngexesha lokubeleka komzimba (oko kukuthi, ukususela kwiiveki ezingama-28 zokukhulelwa ukuya kwiintsuku ezi-7 emva kokuzalwa) zivela kwimvelaphi eyahlukileyo:
- i-hypoxis (ebangelwa yi-oksijini yindlala ngexesha lophuhliso lwe-intrauterine);
- utywala (ngenxa yotywala okanye utywala, ikakhulukazi ngexesha lokukhulelwa);
- i-bilirubin (ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo ngenxa yamanqanaba aphezulu e-bilirubin egazini);
- ischemic (kubangelwa ukusabalalisa ukukhubazeka engqondweni yengane);
- Isifo sikashukela ("isiphumo esecaleni" sesifo sikashukela).
Ukuqhubela phambili kule nto, izizathu eziphambili ze-PEP zicacile: izifo ezingapheliyo kunye nezifa, indlela engafanelekanga yobomi bomama ozayo, ukukhubazeka kokukhulelwa nokubeletha (i-toxicosis, ingozi yokuphazanyiswa, umsebenzi wokukhawuleza okanye okhulileyo, ukuxhwala, njl njl). Enyanisweni, i-encephalopathy ingumqondo ongenangqiqo, luhlobo lwesifo sobuchopho, kwaye oogqirha kufuneka bacacise ngokucacileyo nokucacisa, ngokusekelwe kwisizathu sokuvela kwayo. Ukongezelela, kufuneka kuphawulwe ukuba i-neonatologists kunye neurologists bahlala bezenza iimpazamo ngokuxilongwa kwe-PEP kwiintsana ezisandul 'ukuzalwa, kuba iintsuku ezi-7 zokuqala kubomi kunzima kakhulu ukugweba ngokuqinisekileyo imeko yempilo yengane, leyo, ngaphandle kokukhala, ayikwazi ukuthetha nantoni na. Ngoko ke, abaninzi abantwana kwikariti yokuphulukana neengxaki zineengxelo malunga nokufunyanwa kwexesha lokubeletha kweempawu zePEP, eqinisweni, azilungiswanga. Oogqirha baxhaswa ngokuqinisekileyo, ukuxilonga ukuxilwa kwabantwana, okungahambiyo ngaphandle kwendlela esele ihamba ngayo kwiinyanga ezimbalwa zokuqala zempilo, okanye bekungekho ekuqaleni.
Kodwa ngexesha elifanayo ukwazi malunga nemiphumo enokwenzeka yolu xilongo olubuhlungu kuyimfuneko ukwenzela ukuba ukwazi ukubona iimpawu eziyingozi ngexesha kwaye ukhusele ukuphuhliswa kweengxaki ezivela kwinkqubo yenzwa. Ngoko, ukukhulelwa komzimba kwangasese kuyingozi nangemiphumo enjalo:
- izifo ezivela kwinkqubo yesistim ephakathi;
- ukulibaziseka ekuphuhlisweni komntwana (ngokukodwa, i-psychomotor nentetho);
- ukubethelwa kwabantwana ;
- ukuphulwa komsebenzi wezitho zangaphakathi;
- akunakwenzeka ixesha elide ukugxininisa ingqalelo, ukungabikho komsebenzi.
Iimpawu zePET kumntwana
Inkqubo ye-PEP ibandakanya ixesha elihle kunye nokuphucula. Iyokuqala iphuma ekuzalweni ukuya kwinyanga e-1, okwesibini - ukusuka kwinyanga enye ukuya ku-1 unyaka (okanye ukuya kwiminyaka emi-2 kwiintsana ezingekafiki). Iimpawu zesifo kwezi zihlandlo ezimbini zihlukile.
Ngexesha elinzima, i-syndromes yoxinzelelo lwenkqubo yeentlanzi (ukunyaniseka, ukungapheli kwemisipha, ukuguquka kweengcamango), ukuxinwa, ukunyuka kweentlanzi, i-hydrocephalus, i-coma syndrome iyimpawu.
Ixesha lokubuyiselwa libonakaliswe yimpawu ezifana nokulibaziseka ekuphuhlisweni komntwana, ukuphazamiseka kweemoto, ukuphazamiseka emsebenzini wezitho zangaphakathi, isifo se-epileptic syndrome.
Unyango lwe-PET kumntwana
Iingcamango zoogqirha belizwe lethu malunga ne-PEP zahlukaniswa ngamaqela amabini. Abanye bakholelwa ukuba ip isifo esibi kakhulu esifanele siphathwe ngempilo, kwaye ngaphambili, ngcono. Abanye bakholelwa ukuba ubunzima bezilwanyana kwiimeko ezininzi banokukwazi ukujamelana nale nkinga ngokwabo, kwaye nantsi indlela yokulinda neyabonwa ngayo.
Uncwadi lwezokwelapha luthi i-PEP idinga unyango ngamachiza kuphela kwixesha elimangalisayo, ekubuyiseleni, ayifanelekanga kwaye umntwana ufuna kuphela ukusilalisa umzimba, uphethiloli, ipiltotherapy, ukulungiswa kolawulo lonyaka. Kwimeko nayiphi na indlela, indlela yokwelashwa inqunywe yi-neurologist esekelwe ubunzima besimiso se-system.