Ukungalingani kwengqondo kuninzi. Kukho ezo zenzeka rhoqo, kodwa kukho ukuphulwa okungaqhelekanga, okuquka ukuhlukana kobuntu. Esi sifo, abantu abaningana bahlala emzimbeni womntu, kwaye, xa unqwenela, "tshintsha" ukusuka komnye ukuya kwenye.
Yintoni ukuhlukana kobuntu?
Ukuqhawula okanye ukuhlula umntu yintlupheko yengqondo apho umntu angaba ne-ego ezimbini okanye ngaphezulu. Bahlala ngokukhululeka emzimbeni munye, nangona bangabakho kwiindidi ezahlukileyo, bahlukeneyo ngokwesini, njl. Le ntsholongwane ibhekiselwa kwiqela leengxaki ze-dissociative (ukuguqulwa), ezibonakaliswe ukuphulwa kwemisebenzi enjengale:
- imemori;
- ukuqonda;
- ubunikazi.
Into ebalulekileyo yolu hlobo kukuba iinkqubo kwisimo sengqondo somntu onokuguqulwa kwengxaki kubangela umphumo wokudibanisa abantu abaninzi. Ngamnye wabo ngokwahlukileyo akakwazi ukuqwalaselwa ngokupheleleyo kwaye azimeleyo. Ngexesha elithile, i-psyche iyatshintsha ukusuka kwelinye ilizwe ukuya kwelinye. Umntu osebenzayo akakhumbuli okwenzekayo xa kuqala "mna" ngaphambili.
Ngaba kukho ulwahlulo lomntu
Ubunzima bezinto ezininzi kumachiza kunamagama ahlukeneyo. Uninzi lwabantu lunengcamango engacacanga yale syndrome, ungakholelwa ekubeni khona kwayo; Abanye bacinga ukuba ngumphumo wokuxhatshazwa kweziyobisi kwaye badidekile nge-schizophrenia. Ukwesatshiswa kweentsholongwane kubantu abanomdla omnye ngaphandle kweminyaka eyikhulu. Ngaphandle kwimizobo yamatye e-Paleolithic, apho ama-shaman "aphindaphinda" kwizilwanyana okanye kwimimoya, ubuninzi bobubonakaliso. Ingqamaniso yokungazi ukwahlukana nayo ingachaza iinjongo ezifana nale:
- Ukuqaliswa kwemiphefumlo, izinto ezisemhlabeni.
- Ukufumana iidemon.
Kwiminyaka edlulileyo, ngeziganeko ezikhankanywe ngasentla, balwa neendlela zabo, ngamanye amaxesha zikhohlakele (ukuya kutshitshiswa kwisibonda). Ngokuphuhliswa kweyeza kunye neengqondo, indlela yatshintshile. Ngekhulu le-18, ngomzekelo webali likagulayo uVictor Ras, ongakhange akhumbule oko wayekwenza ngexesha lokulala-oko kukuthi. kwiimeko eziguqulwayo-ukuhlukana komntu kwaqala ukubhekwa njengesifo esinokufunyanwa kwaye siphathwe.
Ukuthungca ubuntu - izizathu
I-Syndrome yokwahlukana kweentlupheko ibonwa ngathi iyinqabileyo. Kwiminyaka ekhulwini lokugqibela, iziganeko eziyi-163 zezi sifo zirekhodwe, kwaye inzululwazi ayikwazi ukuphendula umbuzo wento ekhuthaza umntu omnye ukuba aphenduke omnye. Izizathu ezichanekileyo azikhankanyiweyo, nangona kunjalo kubonakala ukuba abantu abaninzi banokwenza izinto ezinjalo:
- ubundlobongela rhoqo (ngokwesondo, ngokomzimba, njl);
- uxinzelelo olubi lwengqondo olusenokuba lusebuncinaneni;
- ukugula ngengqondo;
- ukusetyenziswa kwegesi yokuzonwabisa;
- rhu lumente okanye i-trance;
- ukuwa phantsi kwenyaniso (iifilimu, imidlalo ye-intanethi, njl);
- ukulala nokukhathazeka.
Ukwahlula ubuntu - kwenzeka ntoni
Ukuhlukana kwamaninzi kuhambelana nomgaqo wokuhlukana - indlela yokukhusela kwengqondo , apho umcimbi uqala ukubonwa ngokwahlukileyo, njengokungathi iimeko azikho mntwini ngokwakhe, kodwa nangomnye umntu. Ukwahlula ingqalelo kubonakaliswa ngokugqithiseleyo kokuhlukana. Oku kwenziwa ngokungazi, ukukhusela iimvakalelo ezimbi. Xa ukhuseleko lusetyenziswe ixesha elide, kukho izifo zokuguquka.
Ukwahlula ubuntu - iimpawu
I-syndrome ye-dissection yabantu ichaphazeleka kuphela ngabantu abadala abaye babandezeleka kakhulu ebuntwaneni. Iziphazamiso ze-dissociative zibangela ukunganeliseki nokudideka kwisigulane, ziphazamisa ukuziphatha kobomi bentlalo eqhelekileyo. Esi sifo sineendlela ezintathu: ukukhanya, okuphakathi kunye okunzima. Kwisigaba sokuqala, kunzima ukuxilonga ukuba ubuntu obuninzi buhlukana , ngokukodwa. Kanti ezinye iimpawu zibonisa isibetho:
- Isigulane sithetha into engeyiyo ngokupheleleyo.
- Izenzo zakhe ziphikisana.
- Kule meko, umntu wesibini akazibonakali nangaliphi na indlela. Umntu uyaziqonda yena kunye naye.
Kwiimeko ezinzima zokuphuhliswa kwesi sifo, ukukhubazeka komntu kubonakaliswe ziimpawu ezilandelayo:
- ukukhunjulwa kwememori, ukulahlekelwa ngenye inkumbulo;
- intetho kunye nengxaki yengqondo;
- isimo soguqu;
- Ukunciphisa impendulo kwisingeniso sangaphandle;
- intloko;
- ukuthuthumela okukhulu;
- ukungalingani.
Ingabangela njani ukuhlukana komntu?
I-Syndrome yobuntu obuninzi ayisoloko ifumana izifo kunye nesiphumo sendlela yokukhusela kwiimeko ezixinzelelekileyo. Ukuvalelwa kokulahlekelwa kungabonakala nangabantu abanempilo emva kokucwiliswa ngokupheleleyo kwinyani enye: i-virtual (imidlalo ye-intanethi), incwadi, i-cinematographic. Kwezinye iimeko, ukugcinwa kweenkonzo zonqulo kunye nokufakwa kwisimo somzimba kungakunceda ukufumana amava okuchitha ixesha elifutshane.
Indlela yokuphatha umntu ohlukeneyo?
Ubuntu obunqamlekileyo buyinto engapheliyo, engaqhelekanga, eyafumana izifo ezinokuhlala kuyo ubomi bomntu. Kunzima ukufumana ukuxilongwa ngokuchanekileyo, kwaye ngokuqhelekileyo abantu abaneengxaki zokuxhatshazwa bachitha iminyaka emininzi kwisibhedlele sengqondo. Unyango lwentsholongwane luhlobo lweentlobo ezintathu:
- mayeza;
- kwengqondo ye-psychotherapeutic;
- usetyenziso lweendlela zombini.
Ngamanye amaxesha asebenzisa i-hypnosis, ubugcisa kunye nokuzilolonga. Ukuba sithetha malunga nokusetyenziswa kweziyobisi, abantu abafumanisa ukuba banobuntu obuninzi bahlala bechazwa ngokuchasayo kunye neentlanzi. Bakunciphisa uxinzelelo kunye nokunciphisa ubuninzi bomsebenzi. Impendulo yodwa yale ndlela yinkqubo yokulutha ngokukhawuleza.
Ubuntu obunqamlekileyo - inyaniso enomdla
Ubuninzi bobuqu obuhlala kumntu ofanayo-into ekhethekileyo echaphazela abaqeqeshi kunye nabantu abaqhelekileyo iminyaka emininzi. Kukhona inyaniso ethembekileyo ngaye:
- Abantu abanomntu ohlukeneyo baphathwa ngokungalunganga njengengozi. Kunoko, bazilimaza ngokwabo, kunabanye. Abaninzi bayavuma ukuba bazama ukuzibulala ngokuthi "ulandelelwano" lenye ye-hypostases.
- Ukutshintshwa kwelinye elithi "I" kwelinye livela xa umntu eziva esongelwa. "Ukufakela" komnye umntu kumnika ithemba.
- Kwinkqubo yokonyango kwesi sifo kucetyiswa ukuba baphathe bonke abantu ngenhlonipho efanayo.
- Umfanekiso ogqithiseleyo womntu onobuntu ohlukeneyo nguDkt. Jekyll noMnu Hyde.
- Ukususela kwi-1 kuya kwi-3% yabo bonke abantu kwihlabathi bafumana ingxaki ye-dissociative disorder.
Abantu abadumileyo abanobuntu obuninzi
Ngokwezibalo, isifo sixhaphake kubantu baseMerika, nangona abantu banoma yiphi ubudala kunye nobuzwe bachaphazeleka yi-syndrome. Isigulane sokuqala esasifumene nesifo sengqondo sasineminyaka engama-45 ubudala isiFrentshi, esinezikhundla ezintathu ezizimeleyo nezizimeleyo. Umntu ogqwesileyo onamaqela amaninzi kunye neyona nto ibaluleke kakhulu nguBilly Milligan. Uluhlu lwaluququzelelwe ngabantu abangama-24, aba-10 babo babesisiseko, kuquka uBilly ngokwakhe, abanye bebesekondari. Abanye abantu abadumileyo abanokuxilongwa okufanayo:
- intombazana uJuanita Maxwell, owabulala umgcini-mlilo ngenkathi ephakathi kwesinye seendlela zakhe ezithandathu;
- IsiNgesikazi uKim Noble, owayenobuntu obu-20;
- Usosayensi waseMelika uRobert Oxenem (11 ego uthi);
- UChris Sizemore, "umnini" wabantu abathathu ukuya ku-22;
- U-Trudy Chase kunye nobuntu bakhe obu-92, behluke ngokugqithisanayo komnye nomnye.
Iincwadi ngokuphathelele ukwahlukana kobuntu
Inkqutyana yokudibanisa inomdla kumaninzi, kodwa ayifundanga ngokufanelekileyo. Iimpendulo kwimibandela engapheliyo malunga nokuxilongwa kunokunika iincwadi ze-autobiography malunga nobuntu obuninzi kunye nemisebenzi yobugcisa:
- Ibali elingaqhelekanga likaDkt. Jekyll noMnu Hyde "nguRobert Lewis Stevenson (1886) ibali leklasi malunga nendoda enobuntu obubini.
- "Yilwa neKlabhu" u-Chuck Palahniuk (1996) - enye yeencwadi ezithandwa kakhulu, emva koko zifakwe.
- UDaniel Kees "iingqondo ezininzi zeBilly Milligan" (1981) , ngokusekelwe kwiimeko eziyinyani.
- "Sybil" Flora uRita Schreiber (1973) - ibali lokwenene malunga nobuninzi bebhinqa elinye.
- "Xa umvundla unogwaja" iTruddy Chase (1981) - ibali elithethwa kumntu wokuqala.
Ingxaki yobuntu obuninzi - ama-movie
Abantu abanobuntu bokuhlukana kunye neendaba zabo ezimangalisayo kubonakala kwi-cinema. Iincwadi ezininzi ezithandwayo zihanjiswe kwisikrini kwaye zaxelela amabali amatsha ngokusisiseko kwelihloko. Phakathi kwazo:
- I-Thriller Hitchcock "Psycho" (1960).
- I-biographical tape "Sybil" (1976), ukulungiswa kokuqala kwencwadana nguFlorora Rita Schreiber.
- "Amazwi" (1990) - kwiimemori zikaTruddy Chase.
- "Yilwa neClubs" (1999) esekelwe kwincwadi yamanqaku ePalanika.
- Intshwankqabisa yamanga "Uchonga" (2003).
- Uloyiko "Utshaba ngokucinga" (2010).
- Ukwahlukana (2016) yintlonelo yengqondo malunga nomntu oneminyaka engama-23.
Uchungechunge malunga nokuhlukana kobuntu
Ukwahlukana komntu sisifo, malunga naluphi umdlalo oluninzi lweentlanzi, iidrama kunye neentlanzi ezibuhlungu ezityhulwayo, kodwa kungekuphela nje ubude obude. Izifo zengqondo - umhlaba ocebileyo wee-serials. Kwaye ukuxilongwa kwezigulane ezine-syndrome ekwahlukileyo kuyisisiseko esihle sesakhelo. Olunye uchungechunge, abalinganiswa babo bangabantu abanobuntu obuninzi:
- "I-Jekyll" (2007) ukuchazwa kwamhlanje kwebali likaDkt Jekyll noMnu Hyde.
- "I-Tara eyahlukileyo" (2008-2011) - ibali le ntombazana enesithandathu "Ndiye" -iyo.
- "I-Motel Bates" (2013-2017) yi-prequel ye-TV yeHitchcock "ye-Psycho".
Namhlanje, ukuxilongwa kobuqhekeko buntu akumangalisi mntu. Ngokumalunga naye kuninzi kuxelwa kwaye akukho ngaphantsi kuboniswa. Nangona kunjalo, i-syndrome yintlungu engavamile yesifo sengqondo, okunzima ukubeka kwaye kunzima ukuphilisa. Kwezinye iimeko, i-dissociative disorder iba engapheliyo. Izigulana zidinga unyango oluqhubekayo iminyaka emihlanu okanye ngaphezulu, ukwenzela ukuba inani labantu lihliswe libe linye.