Ingqondo yinto efanelekileyo yokulawula umzimba wonke, ngoko ke umonakalo wakhe udla ngokuba yingozi okanye imiphumo emibi. Ukuhlaselwa kwe-ischemic engaphantsi kwemiba yintlupheko yemisebenzi yengqondo, eyokuhlala emizuzu emi-2 ukuya kwiiyure ezingama-24 ize iphele ngesifo.
Izizathu zokuhlaselwa kwe-ischemic ehamba phambili
Iimeko ezichazweyo zivela kumonakalo okwethutyana kumjikelezo we-cerebral.
Isizathu esibalulekileyo sokuhlaselwa kwe-atherosclerosis ye-artery cerebral (i-large and medium caliber), kunye neenqanawa eziphambili. Ngexesha elifanayo, i-atherosclerotic plaques yenziwe ngokutshintshwa kwendalo kunye nokubhubhisa, ukungathandabuzeki kwemvelo kubonakala, atherostenosis, atheroembolia, i-atherothrombosis. Kukho utshintsho olusesikweni kwimithambo yegazi.
Enye into eqhelekileyo eyenza ukuhlaselwa kwangethuba kwimeko yomshuwalense. Uxinzelelo oluqhubekayo lubangela ukuba udonga lwe-vascular luguqule ngokungenakucinganiswa (hyalinolysis) kwaye lukhuni ngenxa yefrinta egcinwe ngaphakathi.
Phantse i-20% yazo zonke izihlaselo ze-ischemic zibangelwa zizifo ezilandelayo:
- umonakalo wentliziyo ye-rheumatic;
- i-cardiopathy;
- fayili
- endocarditis;
- i-myocardial infarction;
- aneurysms;
- Ukubalwa kwe-valve mitral;
- sondela;
- isifo senhliziyo esiswini;
- i-aortic stenosis ;
- ukuchithwa kweerriji (ukucwangcisa);
- iziphazamiso eziphambili ze-vascular of genetic inflammatory genesis;
- utshintsho lomzimba (emva kokubeleka, ngexesha lokukhulelwa);
- i-fibro-muscular dysplasia;
- I-Moya-Moya syndrome.
Iimpawu zokuhlaselwa kwe-ischemic zangasemva kwengqondo
Ukubonakaliswa kweklinikhi ye-pathology ekubhekiselele kuyo kuxhomekeka kwiyiphi idilesi yamathambo eyonakalisiweyo.
Izibonakaliso zokuhlaselwa kwexesha elidlulileyo xa kwenzeka ukuphulwa kwegazi kwimizila yeerarodidi:
- ukukhubazeka kwamalungu okanye umzimba wonke, isigxina sobuso;
- ukuwohloka kobuzwe;
- iziphazamiso zezixhobo zokuthetha (aphasia, dysarthria, mutism);
- utshintsho kwiimpawu ezibonakalayo, ukuphunga komnye okanye zombini amehlo;
- ukwehla kwamakhono engqondo;
- ukunyuka komsebenzi ophezulu wesantya.
Iimpawu zokuhlaselwa kwisilonda se-vertebrobasilar basin:
- ukuhamba ngokukhawuleza;
- inkqubo yoxinzelelo;
- ukuthuthumela;
- ukunyakaza okungahambelaniyo;
- nystagmus;
- ukuphazamiseka komsebenzi wokuphefumula;
- ukulahleka kwengqondo.
Njengoko kwimeko yangaphambili, kukho ukukhubazeka, ukuhla kwezinto ezibonakalayo, intetho, imisebenzi yengqondo, ukungabikho komzwelo kwimilenze okanye kuwo wonke umzimba.
Iziphumo zohlaselo lwe-ischemic elidlulileyo
Inkxalabo ephezulu yale meko yintlungu yesicikiconi yengqondo kunye nolwakhiwo olulandelayo lweziphene ezinengqondo ezizinzile:
- ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo;
- ukukwazi ukuhamba;
- i-dysarthria (ukungabikho kwenkulumo, ukuchithwa kwamagama angathethiweyo).
Kwiimeko ezininzi, ukuhlaselwa ngokuphindaphindiweyo kubangela ukufa.
Unyango lwe-eschemic attack
Njengomthetho, umntu akanakulingela ukuqhubela phambili kwenkqubela echazwe yintlupheko, ngoko ke ukulaliswa kwezibhedlele ngokukhawuleza kwexhoba kwenziwa. Ulwaphulo lokuhlaselwa kwe-ischemic elidlulileyo lwenziwa esibhedlele kwisebe le-neuroloki kwaye liqule oku kulandelayo:
- Ukufunyanwa kwee-antigregregants kunye ne-antiticoagulants yesenzo esicacileyo nesingathanga ngqo (Aspirin, Clopidogrel, Dipiridamol).
- Ukusetyenziswa kwezidakamizwa ezichaseneyo kunye neendlela zokunciphisa uxinzelelo lwegazi (ngosuku lwesibini emva kokuhlaselwa kwe-ischemic).
- Ukusetyenziswa kweeuroprotectors kunye nezinto ze-nootropic.
- Ukutyunjwa kwamagciwane e-thrombolytic ukuba achithe iiphozithi ezivalile umzobo.
Ukuthintela ukuhlaselwa kwe-ischemic
Ukuthintela le ntsholongwane ngokunciphisa imingcipheko, ngokuthatha amachiza anciphisa i-viscosity yegazi (acetylsalicylic acid, Cardiomagnesium). Kukwacetyiswa ukuba uphuze i-statins, i-disaggregants kunye ne-antihypertensives (ukuba kuyimfuneko).
Kubalulekile ukugcina indlela yokuphila enempilo kwaye uqaphele ngokufanelekileyo ukutya, ukuphepha ukusetyenziswa kwe- cholesterol eyimfuneko.