Ukuhlolwa kwesithathu kwenzeni?
Ngexesha elichaziweyo, lo mfazi ufumana uviwo olubanzi. Akukhona nje kuphela kwi-ultrasound (ukucacisa ukuba umntwana uphucula njani ngokwenyama nangaphandle), kodwa nokuqhuba ukuhlolwa kwegazi kamama. Oku kwenziwa ukwenzela ukuchonga utshintsho olwenzekayo olubonakalayo lweentlobo ezahlukeneyo zesisu (ikakhulukazi, i-Down syndrome, i-Edwards syndrome, kunye neengxaki ekuphuhlisweni kwenkqubo yesantya kunye nezinye izitho kunye neenkqubo). I-ultrasound, njengomthetho, inokulinganisa ubukhulu bentambo yomlomo wesibeleko, ukuphambuka kwimiqathango ebonisa ukuba izifo zesifo sokuzalwa. Ikwahlola kwakhona indlela ukuhamba kwegazi komntwana, isebenza ngayo intliziyo yakhe, kwaye umzimba wakhe ubude kangakanani. Kungenxa yesi sizathu ukuba isifundo esinjalo sibizwa ngokuba "uvavanyo oluphindwe kabini". Kubalulekile ukuba iiveki ezi-11-13 zokukhulelwa kubalulekile ukuba kuba kukho na ukungaqhelekanga kubonakaliswe, unina olindelekileyo uya kwenza isigqibo malunga nokupheliswa kokukhulelwa .
Ukulungiselela ukuhlolwa kwexesha eli-1
Into ebaluleke kakhulu yokuqeqesha iyona ukhetho lwekliniki, ekufuneka ixhotywe ngezona zixhobo ezintle kwaye zibuhlungu. Ngaphambi kokuba ungene kwi-ultrasound, kwiimeko ezininzi, kufuneka ugcwalise isilwanyana (siphuza i-litre ilitha yamanzi ngeyure ngaphambi kokungeniswa), kodwa kwiiklinikhi zanamhlanje ziphazamise iziveki ezingenakufuna ukuba i-vestile igcwele. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ngenxa ye-ultrasound engapheliyo, i-vestile kufuneka ikhutshwe (imizuzu embalwa ngaphambi kokungeniswa). Ngoko ukusebenza kuya kuba phezulu.
Ukunikela ngegazi kwi-vein, kufuneka ubale ukutya okungenani iiyure ezingama-4 phambi kocingo, nangona kulungele ukuyithatha ekuseni, kwisisu esingenalutho. Kwakhona, kufuneka uhambelane nesondlo esikhethekileyo ukuchaneka ngokuthe ngqo kwesiphumo, oko kukuthi: ukugwema amanqatha, inyama, ushokolethi kunye nevenkile zaselwandle. Ukutya ngaphambi kokuba kuhlolwe i-trimester yokuqala kubaluleke kakhulu, njengoko zonke iimpazamo ezinokwenzeka ziza kunyangwa ngaphandle komntwana.
Ukuhlolwa kwezinto ezinokwenziwa kwezinto eziphilayo kwimizi yokuqala yesithathu, iinkqubo zazo zichongiwe ngokucacileyo kwisalathisi ngasinye, ziquka uhlalutyo lwe:
- I-HCG (i-chorionic gonadotropin) yomntu, evumela ukuchonga i-Down syndrome, okanye ubukho bamawele - xa landa, kunye nokuyeka ekuphuhlisweni kwefubus - xa iyancipha.
- Iprotheni A, eveliswa yi-placenta, emele ikhule ngokukhawuleza njengoko umntwana ekhula.
Izibonakaliso zokujonga i-trimester yokuqala (iimfuno ze-hCG kuxhomekeke kwiveki xa uhlalutyo lwenziwe) zilandelayo:
- ukusuka kwi-25.8 ukuya kwi-181.6 ng / ml ngeveki ye-10;
- ukusuka kwi-17.4 ukuya kwi-130.3 ng / ml - kwiveki ye-11;
- ukusuka kwi-13,4 ukuya kwi-128,5 ng / ml - ngeveki ye-12;
- ukususela ngo-14.2 ukuya kwi-114.8 ng / ml ngeliveki le-13.
Ukuba wena, njengamanina amaninzi, uhamba ngokuhlola i-1-trimester ngeveki ye-12, iziphumo ze-ultrasound ziya kuba ngolu hlobo:
- ubungakanani beparietal - ukusuka ku-51 ukuya ku-73 mm;
- Ubunzima bommandla wekollar - ukusuka kwi-1.6 ukuya kwi-2,7 mm;
- ithambo le-nasal - engaphantsi kwama-3 mm;
- izinga lentliziyo - ukususela kwi-150 ukuya kwi-174 ukubetha ngomzuzu.
Ukuhlolwa kwe-Genetic ye-trimester yokuqala akufanele kubakhuphe ukwesaba, kuba oku kukuvumela ukuba ulahle ubunqunu bomntwana ongaphantsi okanye ungasetyenziselwa ingcamango yokuba iya kuba yinto ekhethekileyo. Nangona kunjalo, isigqibo sokwenzelwa enye okanye enye inketho ithathwa kuphela ngabazali abaye bafumana ukuhlolwa kweso sithuba sokuqala kwesithathu.