Ukukhubazeka kwengqondo yabantwana kuthiwa yiqela lezifo ezibonakaliswe ngumonakalo omkhulu womnyoba, ukungahambi kakuhle kokuhamba, ukungasebenzi kwemisipha, ukulibaziseka kwengqondo.
Iimbangela zokukhubazeka kwengqondo kubantwana
Ukukhathazeka okunjalo kubantwana abanalo uhambo oluqhubekayo, oku kuthetha ukuba ukulimala kwengqondo kubakho ukususela ngexesha lokuzalwa. Kodwa ke umbuzo kutheni abantwana bazalwa benesifo sokukhubazeka kwengqondo. Isizathu esibalulekileyo sesi sifo ngu-hypoxia, oko kukuthi, ukungabi neoksijini kwiseli yengqondo. Ngenxa yoko, kwingqondo kukho ukungaphuhliswa kwezo zakhiwo kunye nezakhiwo ezijongene nokugcina umyinge womzimba kunye neendlela zokucinga. Oku kukukhokelela ekuphuhlisweni kwe-muscle kunye nokubonakala kweemoto zomoya.
I-cerebral palsy ibangelwa iinkqubo ezingavamile ngexesha lokukhulelwa:
- iintlobo ezinzima ze-toxicosis;
- usulelo lwe-intrauterine;
- ukuphulwa komjikelezo we-placental;
- izifo ze-somatic zomama (izifo zentliziyo, isifo sikashukela, njl.);
- ukungahambelani kweR Rh okanye amaqela egazi kumama kunye nomntwana;
- hypovitaminosis;
- isongelo sokukhipha isisu , ukungena kwintambo yomthambo.
Qinisekisa umonakalo kwengqondo yengane ingaba nzima ukuzalwa, ukucaphukisa izifo ezinzima:
- i-pelvis encinci;
- msebenzi obuthathaka;
- ixesha elide elinomdla;
- msebenzi ogqithisiweyo;
- intetho engenamntwana.
Emva kokuziswa, eso sifo sinokubangelwa ngenxa yokulimala kunye nezifo (i-meningitis, isifo se-hemolytic yintsana ).
I-cerebral palsy kubantwana: iimpawu
Iimpawu zeso sifo zingabonwa ngokukhawuleza emva kokuzalwa okanye ziya kubonakala ngokuthe ngcembe kunyaka wokuqala wobomi. Eyokuqala, ukukhubazeka kwe-cerebral kubonakala ngokungabikho okanye ubunobuthathaka bokungabonakali kokuzalwa. Ngokomzekelo, nge-reflex inkxaso kwisimo esilungileyo, umntwana ogulayo uyaguqula imilenze okanye abuyisele kuphela iminwe. Ukungabikho kwengqungquthela yokuqhaqhazela kukubhekiselele kwimpawu ye-inferty cerebral paralysis kwintsana: umntwana akanakulungisa izitho kwaye akaqhubi phambili xa efakwe kwisisu kwaye ucinezele entendeni ukuya ezinyaweni.
Uphuhliso lwabantwana abane-cerebral palsy luyakuthi lukhutshwe: kwixesha elizayo izigulane aziyikuzikhusela intloko yazo, musa ukujika, uhlale okanye ume. Baqhwaba kwindawo ethile, bagqithise intloko yabo, izitho zabo zingenza ukunyakaza okungazibandakanyi. Kukho ukulibaziseka ekuphuculweni kwengqondo - akukho dibana nomama, akukho nxaxheba kumathoyizi, ukuphuhliswa kwentetho kuphazamiseka.
Iimeko ze-cerebral palsy kubantwana zixhomekeka kwizinga lokulimala kwengqondo. Iziphazamiso zentlaba zihlulwe zibe:
- i-athetosis - ukunyanzelisa rhoqo kunye nokungabikho kokuzibandakanya;
- ukunyanzelisa - ukuqiniswa kwetoni yomsila;
- ubunzima - izihlunu ezixhatshazayo ezixhathisa ukunyakaza okungahambiyo;
- ukuthuthumela kwezitho;
- i-ataxia - ukungalingani.
Izona ziqhelekileyo ziyi-athetoid kunye neentlobo zokuphazamiseka. Ukongezelela, ezi zilandelayo zindlela zokukhubazeka kwe-cerebral palsy zichongwa ngokutsha:
- Ulwalamano ngokunqotshwa kwesinye isilwanyana;
- i-hemiplegic ngokutshatyalaliswa kwengalo nomlenze kwelinye icala le-trunk;
- I-Diplegic inokutshatyalaliswa kokubili okanye ngaphezulu;
- i-quadriplegic ngokutshatyalaliswa kwayo yonke imilenze.
Unyango lwe-cerebral palsy kubantwana
Ngokwenene, ekwonyango kwabantwana abane-cerebral palsy, i-massage, ukusebenzisa unyango, ezinye iindlela zobuchwephesha kunye namathambo (i-Wojta indlela, i-prosthetics, i-plastering, ityrapy), inyango yokuphaphaza, inyango yokuthetha. Ulwaphulo lwezonyango lunyanzelekile, olubandakanya iziyobisi ezinciphisa ithoni ye-muscle.
Zonke ezi zinto zivumela ukuba ukwandise amandla omzimba kunye nengqondo yomntwana. Ekuqaleni unyango luqalisiwe, lukhulu amathuba okulungelelaniswa kweentlalo phakathi koontanga, okuya kuvumela umntwana ukuba aphephe yedwa - enye yeengxaki ezinzima zabantwana abane-cerebral palsy.