Ukususela ekunqumeni komhlaba ngaphambi kokutshala izityalo, ukusetyenziswa kwezityalo kuxhomekeke kwisivuno esizayo. Ngako oko, abalimi beenqwelo zorori banika le ngxaki.
Indlela yokuqhawula umhlaba ngaphambi kokutshala izithombo?
Kukho iindlela ezininzi zokusatshatyalaliswa kwelokubulala umhlaba ngenxa yezityalo, ezona zidumileyo zizo:
- Ukuqhaqhaqhaqha kunye nokuqhawulwa komhlaba. Le ndlela ibandakanya oku kulandelayo. Ingxowa okanye isitya kunye nomhlaba ngokuqala kweqhwa lasebusika kufakwa ngaphandle (kwibhantshi okanye kwelinye igumbi). Emva kokuba umhlaba ukhululeke kakuhle, uziswa kwindawo efudumeleyo iintsuku ezi-7-10. Kwiqondo lokushisa, iintlekele ziya kuvuka kwaye imbewu enokhula iya kuqala ukuhluma. Emva koko isitya kunye nomhlaba siphinde sithwalwe kwiqhwa kwaye sigcinwe kubanda. Emva kwithuba elithile, umhlaba uphinde ubekwe ukushisa, kwakhona kwakhona kwiqhwa. Le ndlela isebenza kakuhle, kodwa ayikwazi ukujamelana nezifo ezinzulu ezifana nokuphazamiseka kwexesha elide kunye ne-keel.
- Ukunyuka komhlaba. Inkqubo iqhutyelwa ngokufanelekileyo kwi-colander, ehlanganiswe ngendwangu, ithululele kuyo nge-primer ize ibekwe phezu kwebhodlela yamanzi abilayo. Ngaphezulu kwendwangu ye-colander kunye nesigqubuthelo kwaye ugcine kwindawo yokushisa ephantsi kwimitha engama-20-30. Kukho ukutshabalalisa komhlaba kunye nokutshatyalaliswa kwezifo. Iingxaki kukuba iilwanyana ezinobomi nazo ziyafa.
- Ukubala komhlaba kwi-oven. Umhlaba omanzi umgca we-5 cm uthululwa kwishidi lesinyithi kunye nomlilo ovuthayo kwi-oven ishushu ukuya kuma-70-90 ° C.
- Ukuthuthumela komhlaba. Ngale ndlela, umhlaba ufakwa kwi-foil okanye kwi-sleeve yokubhaka kwaye ixhomekeke ekutshiseni unyango kwiqondo lokushisa lika-90-100 ° C. Emva kokuba umhlaba upholile, uchithelwa kwifilimu okanye iphepha elinomgca we-10 cm uze uvumele ukuba lizaliswe ngumoya. Oku kuya kwenza ukuba ukwazi ukufumana umhlaba onesakhiwo esiphuculweyo.
- Unyango lomhlaba ngaphambi kokutshala izithombo kunye ne-phytosporin. Esi sigqirha siphumelele kakhulu kwizifo ezininzi zegciwane kunye nezifo. Ukusetyenziswa kwayo, lungisa isisombululo kwisantya se-1 isipuni nge-10 litres zamanzi nge-1 sq.m.
Unganisela njani umhlaba ngaphambi kokutyala izithombo?
Phansi ngaphambi kokutshala izithombo zidla ngokutsha:
- u-fungicide, umzekelo, isiseko;
- isisombululo se-1% se-potassium permanganate;
- isisombululo seAktar;
- Amanzi abilayo amaninzi kunye nokubekwa ngokulandelelwano kwiqhwa.
Ukuchaneka kokuphunyezwa kokuhlaliswa komhlaba kwizityalo kuya kunceda ukutshabalalisa i-bacteria ye-pathogenic kunye ne-microorganisms, amaqanda ezinambuzane ezinambuzane, ziya kuba ngumqobo wokuthintela ukutshatyalaliswa kwezilwanyana nge- black stem .