Abanye abalimi bahlala becinga ukuba ngaba kuyimfuneko ukutyisa iidiliya ngaphezu koko, ukuba sele ibhekiselele kumasophytes, oko kukuthi, isityalo sikhula kwimiqathango yomswakama ofanayo. Enyanisweni, kuyimfuneko, kuba ichaphazela ngokuqinisekileyo iidiliya: ikhokelela ekukhuleni okungcono kwaye iqinisekisiwe ukwenyuka kakhulu isivuno.
Isixa sokunyusa okufunekayo kwiidiliya kuxhomekeke kwi:
- ummandla weediliya ukulima ;
- iimpawu zoluhlu;
- imeko yesityalo ngokwawo;
- iteknoloji yokuhlawula;
- iinkqubo zokunkcenkceshela.
Iintlobo zokunkcenkceshela:
- Inkokhelo isetyenziselwa ukuqokelela umswakama emhlabathini, okuya kunciphisa amathuba okubanda kunye nokunyusa ukunyamezela kwamaqabunga angaphezulu angaphezulu komhlaba, kwaye unikeze umswakama emanzini okuqala okukhula emva kobusika.
- Ukutyala - kwenziwa xa uhlwaya ihlathi.
- Ukunisela izityalo ezincinane - kunyaka wokuqala emva kokutyala.
- Imifuno - kwimeko yesityalo ngokwawo (esinqunywe ngamagqabi) kuxhomekeke kwimizuzu emininzi kuya kufuneka ukuba utyise iidiliya.
Imigangatho yokutyisa iidiliya
- Ukunisela okutshayo. Yibanjwe entwasahlobo nasekwindla. Ngokuqhelekileyo phakathi kuka-Oktobha umhlaba sele usomile kwindawo ethile kwindawo ephakamileyo yemitha. Ngako oko, ukucwiliswa kokugqibela kwamagilebhisi, okwenziwa emva kokuvuna ukuwa kweqabunga, kuya kunceda ukulungiswa okuqhelekileyo kwezityalo ebusika . Ukuba ubusika buhlwempuzekile emvula, ukucoca okunjalo kufuneka kwenziwe kwintwasahlobo, ngaphambi kokuvulwa kwamehlo: ukutyhala kwamanzi abandayo kuya kuncipha ukuvulwa kwamehlo, okuya kukukhusela isiqithi emva kweqabunga, kwaye ukuthambisa ngamanzi afudumele kuya kuvuselela. Ukutshilwa kwamanzi ngalunye kwenziwa ngokunkcenkcenkceshela ngexabiso lokunkcenkceshela kumlinganiselo wama-200-300 ilitha nganye kwisiqhamo samagilebhisi kunye nommandla wesondlo we-4-5 m2, ukuba kunkcenkceshela kwenziwa kwimizila, le nqanaba kufuneka linyuswe kabini ukuya kwesithathu.
- Ukutyala ukuthambisa . Xa utshalwa umsila ekwindla, kuqala 1 ukuya kwi-2 iibhakethi zamanzi aqhelekileyo athululwa emgodini wokulima, ulinde ude ufikelele kakuhle, ubeke isiqithi, isiqingatha sigcwalise umhlaba kwaye uphinde uthele i-1 ukuya kwi-2 iibhakethi zamanzi. Xa uthelwa entwasahlobo - kuqala kufuneka uphalaze amanzi ashisayo, uze ufudumale.
- Ukunisela umsila omncinci . Ngonyaka wokuqala emva kokutyala amagilebhisi amancinci kufuneka aphuze 1 ngexesha kwiiveki ezimbini ngaphambi kokuqala kuka-Agasti. Ukutyilwa akukwenziwa phantsi kwetraki, kodwa ukuthululela amabhakethi angama-4-5 emanzini emigodini, igutywe malunga nomsila kumgama wama-30-50 cm. Ukusetyenziswa ngokuchanekileyo kokunkcenkceshela. Qinisekisa ukuba uqinisekisa ukuba iingcambu azixhasi, ziyingozi kakhulu.
- Ukutyiliswa kwezityalo . Zixhomekeke kwixesha lokukhula kwamagilebhisi, kuba kufuneka iyancitywa xa ihluma iqhutywe, emva kokugquma kunye ngexesha lokuvuthwa kwamajikijolo.
Kulo xesha lugcinwe ngamaxesha amaninzi:
- lokuqala lokunisela - emva kokuphalaza;
- Okwesibini kuJuni, xa amajikijolo ubukhulu bee-peas, i. phambi kokubonakala kombala kunye nokunciphisa amajikijolo;
- lwesithathu - kwisiqingatha sesibini seJulayi kumqulu ofanayo kunye nesibini, kodwa kungekudala kweveki ezintathu phambi kokuvuthwa.
Xa ukuyeka ukunisela iidiliya?
- ngaphambi nangethuba lomsizi;
- Kwiiveki ezimbalwa ngaphambi kokuvuna (ngo-Agasti nasekuqaleni kukaSeptemba).
Kuchaneka njani ukuhambisa amanzi kwiidiliya?
Ukusela amanzi ngokufanelekileyo, kufuneka ulandele imigaqo:
- Qala ukusela iidiliya xa utshani uqala ukuma.
- Xa kutyalwa amahlathi emigqeni, ukutyilisa kwenziwa kwimizila, kunye nezihlahla ezizenzekelayo ezijikelezileyo ezijikelezayo ezinqabileyo.
- Ukuxilisa ngokweqile kukubi nakakhulu kunokwaneleyo.
- Ngaphantsi kweentlobo zonke zehlathi kufuneka kubalulekile ukuthulula ama-5-7 amabhakethi amanzi.
- Amanzi afanele abe ngokuhlwa, atshiswe elangeni ngamanzi.
- Unganamanzi kwinkqubo yokunikezela kwamanzi ngepayipi ukusuka phezulu ngasemhlahleni yonke imihla kunye neentyantyambo;
- Ungamanzi ngokuthe ngqo ngqo kumthombo.
Ukuba iidiliya ziya kuba nexabiso elaneleyo lokunyamezela, ke iziphelo zokutshala ziza kuguqulwa, kwaye ngexesha lokuwa uya kufumana isivuno esihle.