Igazi elisuka kumnwe linikezelwa kaninzi. Kubalulekile emva okanye ngexesha lokunyangwa kwezifo, ngaphambi kokusebenza okanye ngexesha lokukhulelwa, ukulawula izinga le-hemoglobin, eliqulethwe kwiiseli ezibomvu zegazi-erythrocytes.
Abantu abaninzi bayazi ukuba i-hemoglobin iphantsi, ithetha ukuba umzimba awunaso isinyithi kwaye kuyimfuneko ukuzalisa izibonelelo. Kodwa kuthekani ukuba iiseli ezibomvu zegazi ziphakanyisiwe, zeziphi izizathu zolu, nokuba ngaba unyango luyadingeka ukunciphisa esi sibonakaliso?
Ixabiso leeseli ezibomvu zegazi kunye nomxholo wesiqulatho sabo egazini
Ezi iiseli zithatha inxaxheba ngqo kwinkqubo yokuphefumula, njengoko zithutha i-oksijini kwimiphunga emzimbeni wonke, kunye ne-carbon dioxide ngendlela eyahlukileyo. Ngoko ke, ngokusebenza ngokuqhelekileyo kwazo zonke izitho, kuyimfuneko ukuba kukho inani elithile lala maseli egazini.
Kukholelwa ukuba okuqhelekileyo kumntu omdala ngeli-1 litre leeseli ezibomvu zegazi kufuneka:
- kwabasetyhini - ukusuka kwi-3.7 ukuya kwi-4.7x10¹²;
- kumadoda, ukusuka kwi-4.0 ukuya ku-5.3x10¹².
Amaseli obomvu abaneleyo kwigazi abizwa ngokuba yi-erythropy, kunye ne-erythrocytosis ephakamileyo okanye i-polycythemia.
Kutheni kuhlalutyo lwegazi lamaseli ebomvu ephakanyisiweyo?
Umntu ojongela impilo yakhe uya kuba nomdla kuba kutheni unomgangatho ophezulu weeseli ezibomvu zegazi lakhe. Emva kokuba uqaphele oku, kufuneka uqhagamshelane nesifo se-hematologist esiza kubona ezi zizathu ezilandelayo zezi zifo:
- Ukungena ngokwaneleyo kwamavithamini okanye ukungabi nako kwabo ngenxa yokungahambi kakuhle kwesibindi;
- i-neoplasms eyenza imveliso ye-erythrocytes (i-hypernephroma, i-cerebellum hemangioma);
- i-hypoxemia (ukungabikho kwe-oksijeni): engapheliyo ngezifo zamaphaphu okanye okwethutyana - xa ephakamileyo, apho umoya ongabonakaliyo;
- ukukhulelwa kwamanzi okanye ukushisa kakhulu, ikakhulukazi xa imithwalo esindayo esinde;
- ukuthatha imithi (umzekelo: i-steroids kunye ne-corticosteroids);
- ukukhubazeka kwentliziyo;
- I-erythremia - isifo segazi, apho kukho ukwanda kwemveliso yeeseli ezibomvu zegazi ngenxa yezizathu ezingapheliyo;
- umsebenzi ongalunganga weentso kunye neenjengezibhengezo, okubangelwa i-erythropoietin kakhulu;
- i-tumor ebulalayo kunye nokusetyenziswa kwonyango lomzimba ukunyanga;
- ukusetyenziswa kwamanzi aphantsi kobutyebi, oko kukuthi, i-chlorine, ingcolile okanye i-carbonated.
- Ubuninzi obuninzi bama-enzyme abufunekayo ukugaya, ngoko umzimba kufuneka ukhiqize iiseli zegazi ezibomvu ukwenzela ukutya ukutya;
- Ukutshaya, ngenxa yokugqitha kwe-carboxyhemoglobin.
Ekubeni kunezizathu ezininzi ezibangela inani eligqithiseleyo lamaseli egazi abomvu egazini, yodwa ingcali inokukwazi ukuba yintoni eyabangela le nkqubo ngokusuka kuwe kwaye iyalungiselela unyango oluyimfuneko.
Amaseli obomvu aphakanyisiweyo - unyango
Ngokwemvelo, ubuninzi be-erythrocytes egazini engaphathwa ngokuhlukileyo. Oku kunokususwa, kuphela ukuphelisa izizathu, oko kukuthi, izifo okanye izinto ezivusa ukuveliswa kweeseli ezongezelelweyo.
Kubalulekile ukulawula umgangatho wamanzi (ukwenzela ukuba akukho klorine eninzi kakhulu) kunye nomthamo wokunxiliswa kotywala ngosuku. Umntu omdala kufuneka adle ubuncinane iitre eli-1, kwaye kwiqondo eliphezulu lokushisa, kunye nama-2 ilitha.
Ukuba kukho iingxaki emsebenzini wesisu, faka izithelo kunye nemifuno ekutya. Oku kuya kunceda kuphela kumgaqo wokuveliswa kweeseli ezibomvu zegazi ngokuphucula inkqubo yokutya, kodwa kuya kukhuthaza nokubunjwa kweeseli ezibomvu kwifom echanekileyo.
Ekubeni ukunyuka kwenani lamaseli obomvu egazini kukubunjwa kwe-thrombi, kwezinye iimeko kunconywa ukuba kwenziwe inkqubo yegazi ngokuncedisa amaqhina , ama-pricks okanye ama-incisions.