Ukwelashwa kweCataract yinto eqhelekileyo, njengokuba yenye yezona zifo eziqhelekileyo zonyango namhlanje. Uphawu oluphambili lwesifo luyingozi kumbono. Izigulane ezinama-cataracts zibona zonke izinto zingacacanga kwaye zidaka - njengokungathi zikhangele ihlabathi ngeglasi ekhuniweyo okanye i-cellophane.
Yintoni i-cataract - imbangela kunye nemiphumo yayo?
Esi sifo siyi-clouding ye-lens, ekhokelela ekuboneni kakubi kwaye ingakhokelela ekulahlekelweni kwayo ngokupheleleyo. Utshintsho, njengomthetho, luvela kancinci, kodwa kucetyiswa ukuba uqale unyango lwe-cataract ngokubonakala kweempawu zokuqala. Oku kuya kwenza ukuba kunokwenzeka ukukhusela imiphumo emibi, njengale:
- Phacogenic glaucoma. Le nkcenkceshe yenyuka okwesibini kwixinzelelo lwe-intraocular. Ihamba kunye neentloko, ukuvakalelwa kweso iso.
- I-amblyopia. Esi sifo siqhelekile kubantwana kwaye sisiphumo sokuzalwa komntwana. Iphazamisa umsebenzi ophilileyo we-retina kwaye unokukhokelela ekukhubazekeni kwasebuncinaneni.
- I-phacolytic iridocyclitis. Ukuxilongwa kuyenziwa phambi kwenkqubo yokuvuvukala kwi-iris kunye nomzimba weciliary.
Yintoni ebangela i-cataracts? Iimbangela ze-lens zeliso lamehlo zilandelayo:
- ukulimala kunye nokulimala komatshini;
- dlulisa izifo ezithathelwanayo;
- isifo sikashukela;
- ifa.
Iingxaki zengqungquthela - ezibangela
I-Opacity of lens yeso ivela kwiindlela ezimbini eziphambili. Amalungu ombono angaqaliswa ekuqaleni. Oku kubangelwa zizifo ezithathelwanayo zonyango, okuya kuba umama uya kuhlupheka kwiindawo zokuqala zokukhulelwa, okanye i-chromosomal pathologies. "Isimo" sesibini sokuphuhliswa kwesi sifo kukutshatyalaliswa kwe-lens esele yenziwe, ebangelwa ukuphazamiseka kwamanzi, ukuphazamiseka kunye nempembelelo yezinto ezahlukeneyo ezonakalisayo zangaphandle.
Yingakho unyango lwe-cataract lungasadingeka:
- rubella;
- i-herpes virus;
- i-toxoplasmosis;
- usulelo lwe-cytomegalovirus;
- isifo sikashukela;
- galactosemia.
I-Cataract - ibangela ukuba usemncinci
I-clouding yokuqala ye-lens kwiimeko ezininzi ziqala ngemvelaphi yokulimala kwamehlo. Ingxaki kukuba ihlala kwindawo elungileyo kubonga kwiigamente ezincinci. Ukususela kwiintshutshiso eziqinileyo kunye nokugubungela, le nto yokugqibela ingabhidliza, kunye nokutya kwesilingo kuyaphazamiseka. Ukongeza, i-cataract kubantu abaselula inokuphuhliswa ngenxa yeemeko ezingqongileyo. Ukwanda kwengcoliseko yendalo kukuchaphazela i-immunity and metabolic processes, ezingenakuchaphazela imeko yamehlo.
Kwezinye iimeko, unyango lwe-cataract luyimfuneko ngenxa yemiphumo ye-ultraviolet. Ilanga ngoku liye latshutshisa, ngenxa yokuba imisebe enkulu kakhulu inokukwazi ukuguga ngaphambi kokuguga kwangaphambili kwe-lens. Yaye ingozi ye-ultraviolet ihlobo kunye nobusika (imibala ebonakaliswa ngekhephu ngamanye amaxesha iyingozi nakakhulu).
Ezinye izimbangela ze-cataract "zakuqala" ziyisifo sikashukela kunye nesigxina sokuzalwa. Inqanaba elongeziweyo le-glucose lenza ukwanda kwendlela yokwenza umbane ohlamba i-lens. Ngenxa yoko - yakha i-cataract ebizwa ngokuba yi-diabetes. Kubalulekile kunye nelifa - ukuba umntu ovela kwizizalwane ezithandane naye unesifo, umntu kufuneka ahlawule ngokukodwa amehlo abo.
Ukuphindaphindiwe kwe-cataract emva kokutshintsha kwe-lens-isizathu
Kwakhona kwenzeka ukuba eso sifo siphumelele nangemva kokuba i-lens enezixhobo ishintshiwe. Izigulane eziqhelekileyo zezizathu zokuqala zilula - isifo sibonakala njengesiphumo sobunzima be-lens eziphantsi kwelo. Enyanisweni, le nxalenye ihambelana nokugqithiswa kwesikhwama se-capsular, apho i-lens yokufakelwa ifakwe khona.
Unyango lwe-cataract ngaphandle kokuhlinzwa
Izigulane ezininzi ezine-cataracts zinomdla kulo mbuzo - ngaba kunokwenzeka ngxaki enjalo njengophawu lensenti, unyango ngaphandle kokuhlinzwa. Akukho mpendulo engaqinisekanga kuyo. Inyaniso kukuba iindlela zokulondolozwa zingasetyenziselwa, kodwa zinokuzuza kuphela ukuba zaqaliswa kumanyathelo okuqala, xa isifo singakhange siphuhlise. Kwezinye iimeko, unyango lwe-cataract kuphela lusebenza.
I-Cataract - unyango, amaconsi
Ukuba ingxaki ifunyenwe ngexesha, ugqirha unokunika unyango oluthathekileyo lwamayeza. Ukuqala unyango lwe-cataract kubandakanya ukufakwa kwezinto kwijiso, ngenxa yokungabi naluphi na isifo esiqhubekayo. Ekubeni lesi sifo esingapheliyo, kuya kubakho ukusetyenziswa kweziyobisi rhoqo phantse. Ukuphazamiseka okude kungakhokelela ekuqhubekeni kwesifo kunye nombono ongenakwenzeka.
Ingxaki enjengeliphaza i-lens yeso, unyango lubandakanya la manzi alandelayo:
- Taufon ;
- Vicaine;
- Vitafakol;
- Quinax ;
- Vitaydurol;
- Taurine ;
- I-Oftan-katachrom;
- Senkatalinom.
Ukwelashwa kweCataract kunye nezilwanyana zabantu ngaphandle kokuhlinzwa
Kukho iiresiphi apho unokumelana ne-clouding ye-lens, kunye neyeza ezithile. Sezisetyenziswe ixesha elide, kwaye ukuba unyango luqaliswa ngexesha, ukungenelela kokuhlinzwa kunye nokutyelela rhoqo kwi-ophthalmologist kunokukhutshwa. Ukwelashwa kweCataract yezilwanyana zonyango kuvumela iintlobo ezahlukeneyo. Iyeza elilula nelithengileyo lilolu hlobo lwamazolo. Ngaphambi kokusetyenziswa, umveliso kufuneka uxutywe ngamanani alinganayo ngamanzi.
Utyando lwe-cataract nedill alisebenzisi ngaphantsi. Yityalo imbewu ubilise, kwaye ke kwi-gauze okanye ngeengxowa zelinen zifakwe kwamehlo ngaphambi kokulala. Ngokufanayo, i-decoction esekelwe kumaqabunga e-burdock, unina kunye nomama wesibini, iileta zokuqala kunye nezinye izityalo zonyango ziyasetyenziswa. Ukongezelela, abantu abane-cataracts kufuneka bangezelelwe ekudleni kwama- blueberries kunye nexesha ngamaxesha ukusela umhluzi wezambatho.
Unyango lwe-cataract-operation
Ugqirha yindlela efanelekileyo kakhulu yokuphatha i-lens opacity. Ukugqibela ekusebenzeni kususwe kwaye kuthathelwe indawo yelenki ebonakalayo ebonakalayo. Ngaphambi kokuphilisa i-cataracts, kubalulekile ukubala zonke iiparameters "zokutshintshwa" kwaye ucacise imiba ye-anesthesia. Njengomthetho, izigulane zinikezwa i-aneshesia yendawo, kodwa abanye abantu bayacetyiswa ukuba bathathe isilwanyana ngaphambi kokuba kwenziwe inkqubo.
Inkatho yeCataract nge laser
Ukuxilongwa kwe-cataract iso laser unyango kunconywa kwizigulane ezininzi. Olu hlobo lonyango luyabhubhisa i-lens efakwe ngaphakathi ngaphakathi kweso. Akukho cutshulwa kuthathwa njengolu hlobo. Emva kokuchotshozwa ngoncedo lwe-ultrasound, i-microparticles ye-lens ikhutshwa ngaphandle, kwaye i-lens yokufakelwa ifakwe. Inzuzo enkulu yokunyanga ilayiti yukuthi ngethuba lo msebenzi ugqirha ubona ukucaca okucacileyo kweyesithathu kweso sikrini, okuqinisekisa ukulawulwa kokuchaneka kwenkqubo.
Emva kokuba i-lens ithathe indawo, isifo sengqondo siphinde siphumelele. Ngenxa yokuba umsebenzi awuyi-invasive, iingxaki zithintelwe. Phakathi kwezinye izinto, unyango lwe-laser lungaphezulu kwazo zonke ezinye iintlobo zemisebenzi efanelekayo yokufakelwa kweelensi zanamhlanje, ngokufakela apho ufuna "isidleke" esilungiselelwe. Ngaphandle koko, ngokutshintshisa kancane, ukukhubazeka okubonakalayo kunokwenzeka.
Unyango lwe-cataract
Namhlanje, iindlela zonyango zonyango zivumela ukuba:
- Utshintshi olongezelelweyo. Iqulethwe ekukhutshweni kwenucleus ye-lens kunye neengqungquthela ezinkulu zamalenti. Kule meko, i-capsule yangasemva ihlala iliso, ngaloo ndlela iqinisekise ukhuseleko lomqobo phakathi kwendawo yangaphambili yelizwi kunye nesigxina se-vitreous. Imisebenzi ye-Minus - enzima kakhulu.
- I-ultrasonic phacoemulsification. Yenziwa ngokusebenzisa i-phacoemulsifier. Ifowuni ifakwe kwikamelo langaphambili lemehlo ngento encinci. Emva koko, ngaphantsi kwefuthe le-ultrasound, i-substance ye-lens iyaba yi-emulsion kwaye isuswa kwiso. Umgca wokugqibela ukufakwa kwe-lens.
- Ukukhutshwa kwe-Intracapsular. Ngenxa yoxinzelelo oluninzi, le nkqubo ayinakusetyenziswa ngoku ngoku. Ingundoqo yayo ihlala ekukhutsheni i-lens kunye ne-capsule ngokusebenzisa ukukhutshwa okukhulu ngokubhinqa kwi-device ye-cryoextractor.
I-cataract yesibini emva kokutshintshelwa kwe-lens - unyango
Imfuno yokubuyiselwa kwakhona yonyango yabonakala emva kokusebenza kokuqala ukususa i-lens . Unyango lwe-cataract yesibili lubandakanya i-capsulotomy. Le nkqubo inokukhenkcelwa kwe-capsule ezenze utshintsho. Nangona le ndlela ithatyathwa nje ukuba iyona yodwa ekulweni ne-cataract. Ukuqwalaselwa kwenziwa ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo.
Xa ufumanisa unyango lwe-cataract yesibini nge-laser ngenye yezinto eziphambili. Ukusebenzisa i-laser, ibhokhwe enkulu ejikelezayo yenziwa kwi capsule yangemva kwe-lens. Olu dlulayo ludlula kwi-axis ebonakalayo, ukuze i-ray yokukhanya ikwazi ukungena ngqo kwindawo yangaphakathi ye-retina. Ngenxa yolu gwenxa, umbono wesigulane uphuculwe ngokucacileyo.