Imodeli okanye imodeli yokuqeqesha isetyenzisiwe kumaziko emfundo ixesha elide. Umzekelo obalaseleyo walolu cwangciso yintetho. Yaye nangona le ndlela yokufundisa ibe kwaye ihlala enye yezona ziqhelekileyo, uqeqesho olubandakanyekayo luya kuba luncedo ngokuthe gqolo.
Yintoni efundwayo yokufunda?
Izindlela zemfundo kumaziko asekuhlaleni, izikolo, iiyunivesithi zahlula zibe ngamaqela amakhulu amakhulu-asebenzekanga kwaye asebenzayo. Imodeli engabonakaliyo ibandakanya ukudluliselwa kolwazi kumfundisi kumfundi ngokusebenzisa intetho kunye nokufunda izinto ezikulo ncwadi. Uvavanyo lolwazi lwenziwa ngokubuzwa, ukuvavanya, ukulawula kunye neminye imisebenzi yokuqinisekisa. Iingxaki eziphambili zeendlela ezihambelanayo zi:
- impendulo ebuthathaka kubafundi;
- iqondo eliphantsi lomntu - abafundi abaqondwanga ngabanye, kodwa ngeqela;
- Ukungabikho kwemisebenzi yokudala efuna ukuhlolwa okungqongqo.
Iindlela zokufundisa ezikhuthazayo zikhuthaza umsebenzi wokuqonda kunye nobuchule bokufunda kwabafundi. Umfundi kulo mzekelo ungumthatha inxaxheba ekusebenzeni kwinkqubo yokufunda, kodwa udibanisa kuphela kunye notitshala. Izindlela ezichanekileyo zibaluleke kakhulu ekuphuhliseni ukuzimela, ukuzimela, kodwa ngokuqhelekileyo abafundisi ukusebenza kwiqela.
Uqeqesho olubandakanyekayo lunye lweendlela ezahlukeneyo zokufundisa. Ukusebenzisana nokufunda okusebenzisanayo kuqhutyelwa kuphela phakathi kootitshala kunye nomfundi, kweli phepha bonke abaqeqeshi baqhagamshelana kwaye basebenza kunye (okanye ngamaqela). Iindlela zokusebenzisana zokufunda zihlala zisebenzisana, intsebenziswano, uphando, incoko, umdlalo phakathi kwabantu okanye abantu kunye nolwazi lwendalo. Ukusebenzisa iindlela ezisebenzayo zokusebenzisana nokufundisa, uthisha ukwandisa inani lezinto ezifunyenwe ngabafundi ukuya kuma-90 ekhulwini.
Izixhobo zokusebenza zokufunda
Ukusetyenziswa kweendlela zokufundisa ezibandakanyekayo kwaqala ngezixhobo ezibonakalayo ezibonakalayo, ii-posters, imephu, imizekelo, njl. Namhlanje, ubuchwephesha banamhlanje bokufunda zibandakanya izixhobo zakutshanje:
- amabhodi amhlophe ;
- iipilisi;
- simulators;
- zemizekelo;
- iplasma;
- projekti ;
- ii-laptops, njl
Ukusebenzisana ekufundiseni kunceda ukusombulula le mi sebenzi elandelayo:
- ukushiya intsingiselo yentetho yezinto eziphathekayo ekusebenzisaneni ngokusebenzisana kunye nokubandakanywa kwe-motility;
- ixesha lokugcina ngokungabikho imifanekiso, iifomula kunye nemifanekiso kwibhodi;
- Ukwandisa ukwenziwa kofakelo lwezinto ezifundwayo, kuba Izixhobo zokufunda ezibandakanyekayo ziquka iinkqubo ezahlukeneyo zomfundi womfundi;
- ukukhululeka kwemibutho yomsebenzi weqela okanye imidlalo, ukubandakanyeka ngokupheleleyo kwabaphulaphuli;
- ukuseka ulwalamano olunzulu phakathi kwabafundi kunye notitshala, ukuphucula imozulu kwinqela.
Iindlela zokufunda ezibandakanyekayo
Izindlela zokusebenzisana zokufundisa - imidlalo, iingxoxo, izifundo, ukuqeqesha, uqeqesho, njl. - kufuna ukuba utitshala asebenzise iindlela ezizodwa. Kukho ezininzi zezi ndlela, kwaye iindlela ezahlukeneyo zisoloko zisetyenziswa kwizigaba ezahlukeneyo zeseshoni:
- ukufakwa kwinkqubo abasebenzisa "ukucinga ngengqondo", ukuxoxa nokudlala imeko;
- ngethuba lephambili leenkalo zokusebenzisa isifundo, ukufunda okusebenzayo, iingxoxo, iintetho eziphambili, imidlalo yezoshishino;
- ukufumana impendulo enjengaleyo "njenge-offer off", isicatshulwa, inkcazo yamagama, ukubunjwa kwe-mini kuyimfuneko.
Izimo zengqondo kunye nezokufundisa zokufunda
Umsebenzi weziko lemfundo lokufunda ngokuphumelelayo kukubonelela ngeemeko zomntu ukufezekisa impumelelo. Izimo zeengqondo kunye nezokufundisa ukuphunyezwa kokufunda ngokubandakanya ziquka:
- ukulungelelwa kwabaqeqeshi kulolu hlobo loqeqesho, ukufumaneka kolwazi olufunekayo kunye nezakhono;
- isimo sengqondo se-psychological esihle eklasini, umnqweno wokuncedana;
- ukuphakanyiswa kwamanyathelo;
- indlela eya kumfundi ngamnye;
- ukufumaneka kwazo zonke izixhobo zokuqeqesha eziyimfuneko.
Ukwahlula iindlela zokufundisa ezibandakanyekayo
Ubuchwephesha bokufundisa abahlukeneyo bahlulelene ngabanye kunye neqela. Abantu baquka ukuqeqeshwa nokwenza imisebenzi efanelekileyo. Iindlela zokusebenzisana zamaqela zidibene ngamacandelwana amathathu:
- iingxoxo ezinokuxhatshazwayo, iingxoxo, iingcamango, izifundo zecala, ukuhlalutya imeko, uphuhliso lweprojekthi;
- umdlalo-ishishini, indima-nxaxheba, i-didactic kunye neminye imidlalo, udliwano-ndlebe, iimeko zokudlala, isiteji;
- iindlela zokuqeqesha - imidlalo ye-psychotechnical, zonke iintlobo zokuqeqesha.
Iifom zokusebenzisana kunye neendlela zokufundisa
Ukukhetha iifom zokusebenzisana zoqeqesho zokuqhuba iiklasi, utitshala kufuneka athathe ingqalelo ukuhambelana kwendlela:
- umxholo, iinjongo kunye neenjongo zoqeqesho;
- ezizodwa zeqela, ubudala kunye nobuchule beengqondo zabaphulaphuli;
- ixesha lokufunda;
- amava ootitshala;
- ingcamango yenkqubo yokufunda.
Ukufundisa okubandakanyekayo kwirejista
Ubuchwepheshe bokusebenzisana kunye neendlela zokufundisa kumaziko asenkulisa zisetyenziselwa ukudlala. Umdlalo wesikolo sokuqala unomsebenzi oyintloko kwaye ngawo umntwana unokufundiswa konke okuyimfuneko ngexesha lakhe. Eyona nto ifanelekileyo kwi-kindergarten ibhola yendima-nxaxheba, ngexesha apho abantwana basebenzisana nabo kwaye bafunde ngokufanelekileyo, kuba Amava ahlangenwe nakho akhunjulwa ngokucacileyo.
Izindlela zokusebenzisana ezikolweni
Esikolweni, uqeqesho olusebenzisanayo luvumela ukusetyenziswa phantse lonke uluhlu lwezakhono. Iindlela zokusebenzisana zokufundisa ezikolweni zaseprayimari zi:
- indima yebali kunye nemidlalo yokulingisa;
- isiteji;
- umdlalo kumbutho, njl
Umzekelo, kubafundi beeklasi eziphambili umdlalo ufanelekile, intsingiselo yokufundisa okuthile kummelwane kwidesksi. Ukufundisa umfundi ofunda naye, umntwana ufunda ukusebenzisa izixhobo ezibonakalayo kwaye achaze, kwaye ufunda izinto ezijulile.
Phakathi nezikolo eziphakamileyo, iindlela zokusebenzisana zokufundisa ziquka ubuchwepheshe obujolise ekuphuhliseni ukucinga nokuqonda (umsebenzi weprojekthi, ukucinga ngengcamango , ukuxubusha), ukusebenzisana noluntu (isiteji, ukudlala iimeko). Ngokomzekelo, nabafundi besikolo esiphakamileyo, unokwazi ukudlala umdlalo wokudlala umdlalo "I-Aquarium", isitshixo saloo nto iqela leqela lidlala imeko enzima, kwaye abanye bahlalutya ngaphandle. Injongo yomdlalo kukubambisana ngolu hlobo kuzo zonke iinjongo zokujonga, ukuphuhlisa izilungiso zesisombululo sayo kwaye ukhethe okulungileyo.