Ukongeza kwiindawo ezinxweme ezintle kunye nohambo olukhangayo kwiidolophu zaseMalta , abaninzi abatyeleli bayakhangelwa apha imfihlelo enkulu kulezi ziqithi - ezi ngetempile. Zibizwa ngokuba yi-prehistoric presences, ezinye zazo zigcinwe kakuhle, zibonakala njengelifa lemveli leNESCO.
Iimfihlakalo zamatye e-megalithic
Amathempeli eMalgalithic aseMalta awakhiwe, ukususela ngo-5000 BC, ngoko ke asebenza njengesiseko sokwenziwa kwexesha lembali yamandulo yeziqithi zaseMalta.
Kuzo zonke izakhiwo kukho imithwalo emininzi kunye nemibuzo, eyona nto iphambili yintoni abaye bayakha ngayo le tempile? Zikhulu, zakhiwa ngokwakhiwa kwamatye eatye obunzima obunzima, kwaye ngexesha elifanayo lenziwe ngaphandle kokusetyenziswa kwezixhobo zetsimbi, nangona kunjalo - ngaphandle kwezixhobo zokwakha zanamhlanje. Ngoko ke, abahlali bendawo, abahlala kwiminyaka emininzi kamva, babengakholelwa ukuba umntu oqhelekileyo angabakha. Ngenxa yoko, iimbali ezininzi ziye zavela malunga nale tempile, kubandakanywa nabantu-iziqhwala abazibakhayo.
Okuphawulekayo kukuba i-megalithic izakhiwo zaseMalta zibonakala ngaphesheya kwelo lonke elaseYurophu, kwaye zikhulile kuneepramramid zaseYiputa iminyaka engama-1000. Zithathwa njengezakhiwo eziseleyo kunazo zonke emhlabeni.
Kwakhona, ngenxa yezifundo ezininzi, izazinzulu ziye zakha i-regularity: phakathi kwendawo nganye ye-megalithic zikho iingcwaba, kwaye zijikeleze, kwindawo ethile, kuye kwakhiwa itempileni.
Iitempile eziye zasinda nanamhla
Kufunyenwe ingcwele engama-23 e-Malta. Ngethuba lethu, abaninzi babo bachithelwa okanye bachitheka, kodwa kunye neengxowanxuwa ziyamangalisa ngobukhulu bazo.
Namhlanje, iicawa ezi-4 kuphela zihlala zigcinwe ngokulinganayo:
- I-Ggantija yinkimbinkimbi yeetempile ezimbini ezineminyango eyahlukeneyo, kodwa udonga olusemva lwalo. Kuqwalaselwa njengomgugu omdala kunabo bonke kwaye usekuhlaleni kwesiqithi saseGozo . Ubunqamle obunqamlekileyo beGiantia bufikelela kwimitha engama-6 ubude, iibhloko ze-limestone zifikelela kwi-5 m ubude kunye neetoni ezingama-50 ubunzima. Ngako oko, ngexesha lokwakha, umgaqo wobuciko wawusetyenziswe - amatye agcinwa ngexabiso lobunzima bawo. Ngaphakathi kwesakhiwo, indawo ifunyenwe ngokulenga izilwanyana ngaphambi kokubingelela kunye nesibingelelo.
- I-Hajar Kim (Kvim) - i-megalith ephezulu kunye neyona ndlela igcinwe kakhulu, ihlala kufuphi nedolophu yaseKrendi-15 km ngasentshona-ntshona yaseValletta . Imi entabeni kunye nebala elwandle kunye nesiqithi saseFilfla. Le nto yinkimbinkimbi yeetempileni ezintathu, iphuma phakathi kwamanye amifanekiso aqoshiwe kwiindonga zothixo kunye nezilwanyana, imimoya engaqondakaliyo. EmaHajjar Kim kukho inkundla kunye nefaçade.
- I-Mnajdra iyinkimbinkimbi yeetempile ezintathu ezivela ekuphakameni zonke zifana neziqwenga ze-clover. UMunaydra umi kunxweme olunqabileyo, kufuphi neHajar Qim, ukutyelela kwisiqithi esifanayo sasePhil. Ubunqwenelekayo kukuba ixhomekeke ekuphumeni kwelanga ngexesha le-equinox kunye ne-solstice. Kufunyenwe ama-statuettes, ilitye nodongwe, iigobolk, imihlobiso eyahlukeneyo, i-ceramics, amathuluzi e-silicon. Kwaye ukungabikho kwezixhobo zetsimbi zabasebenzi kubhekisela kwimvelaphi yayo ye-neolithic.
- I-Tarchien - eyona nto yinkqantosi kwaye inomdla kwizakhiwo zokwakha i-megalithic yaseMalta, iqukethe iitempile ezi-4 kunye nezibingelelo ezininzi, izibingelelo, ezibonisa iinkolelo zonqulo ezidumileyo zeMalta yamandulo. Kuze kube ngoku, inxalenye engezantsi yesithunzi somthi wodadekazi wasendulo ekungeneni kwelinye lithempelesi, elithatyathwe kumyuziyam, ligcinwe, kwaye nantsi ikopi yalo ishiywe.
| | |
| | |
| | |
| | |
Indlela yokufikelela kwiitempile?
IGgantija ihlala kwisiqithi seGozo, emaphethelweni edolophu yaseShara. Unokufikelela kule siqithi ngezothutho zikawonkewonke, umzekelo, ngesikebhe saseChirkevvy (kukho iibhasi №645, 45 ukuya kwi-Cirkewwa), ekufikeni - utshintshe ibhasi ehamba kwidolophana yaseNadur, apho kufuneka uhambe khona. Emva koko landela imiqondiso, umendo ukusuka kwindawo yokuya ethempelini kuya kuthatha imizuzu eyi-10.
Ukuze ufike ethempelini likaHajar Kwim, kufuneka uthathe inombolo yebhasi 138 okanye inombolo 38, evela kwisikhumulo sezindiza, uze uhambe eHajar. Kusuka eKhadrag Kwim, kufuneka uhambe ngaphantsi kweekhilomitha ekubhekiselele kunxweme ukuze ubone iNetaydra tempile.
Ithempeli laseTarjen lifumaneka kwisixeko sasePaola , kunokwenzeka ukuba ufike kuyo ukusuka kwi-terminal ye-Valletta ngamabhasi uNombolo 29, 27, 13, 12, 11.
Iindleko zokutyelela iicawa ziyahluka ukusuka kwi-6 ukuya kwi-10.
Izizathu zokuphela kwempucuko yasendulo eMalta zihlala ziyimfihlelo namhlanje. Kodwa xa ebuzwa ukuba kutheni iicawa ezininzi zichithwa, kukho iingcamango ezininzi: utshintsho lwemozulu, ukuchithwa kwamazwe, iimfazwe eziye zagqitywa apha, kunye nokusetyenziswa kwamatye eetempile kwimisebenzi yezoqoqosho emva koluntu.
Uphando lwee-megalithic alinakuyeka. Ukuba nawe ufuna ukuchaphazela umoya wempucuko yasendulo eMalta, mhlawumbi ukwenza iimbono zakho kwaye umane ubabaze umsebenzi oqaqambileyo olungelelanisiweyo waseMalta wamandulo, yenza uhambo oluya kwelinye leetempile. Mhlawumbi, kungenxa yakho apha ukuvula imfihlelo.