I-CTG okanye i-cardiotocography yindlela yokwenza uphando kwi-obstetrics, okuyi-synchronous recording of heart fetation and contractions of the womb in 10-15 minutes. Isalathisi senjongo yobume be-fetal kwi-CTG yintshintsho kwinqanaba lentliziyo ye-fetal ngexesha lokwaphula. Ngoku, ngokukodwa ingangqalileyo (yangaphandle) i-cardiotocography isetyenziswe: iisenti ezimbini zifakwa ngqo kwiisisu zowesifazane okhulelweyo-enye kwindawo yokuvelisa i-uterus (ininzi iindawo ezikude ne-ovary efanelekileyo), okwesibini - kwindawo efanelekileyo yokumisa i- fetal (kuxhomekeke kuhlobo, isikhundla kunye uhlobo lomntwana okhoyo).
Xa kuhlolwa i-CTG, ezi zilandelayo ziboniswa ngqalelo:
- isigqithiso sesiseko senhliziyo yentliziyo;
- Ukuhlukahluka kwesisu senhliziyo yesisu;
- Ukukhawuleza - okuhambelana neentlobo ze-uterine okanye ukunyuka komntwana kufutshane kwinqanaba lentliziyo ngeentsuku ezili-15 okanye ngaphezulu ngomzuzu, ubude bemizuzu engaphantsi kwe-15;
- ukunciphisa - ukwehla kwinqanaba lenhliziyo yentliziyo ngexesha lokunyakaza okanye ukulwa.
I-Cardiotocography ye-fetus - ebhaliweyo
Ukuququzelela ukutolika kweziphumo kunye nokunciphisa indima yenkalo yomntu kulolu cwaningo, kwindlela yokwenza intsebenziswano, umlinganiselo weFischer wawusetyenziselwa ukucacisa umntwana wesisu. Le ndlela iquka ukuhlolwa kwebhokisi kweso ngasinye sesalathisi ngolu hlobo:
- Amaphuzu angu-0 - aphawulwe iimpawu zokubandezeleka komntwana;
- Iphuzu eli-1 - iimpawu zokuqala zokuphulwa;
- Iingongoma ezi-2 - ukusebenza ngokuqhelekileyo.
Phantse nganye ipharamitha
Isingqimba sesiseko seentliziyo zentliziyo kubhalwa phakathi kwemfazwe, kwaye ibonisa isimo sengqondo somntwana. Uluhlu oluqhelekileyo lwalolu phawu luyi-110-170 ukubetha / iminithi, ehambelana nokuqikelelwa kwamanqaku amabini. Umda kunye nenqanaba eliqhelekileyo, kodwa sele libonakalisa ukuphulwa okuncinci - 100-109 bpm, okanye 171-180 bpm, kunye ne-1 iphuzu, ngokulandelanayo. Kwaye imeko yesongelo yomntwana ngumngcipheko we-basal of less than 100 beats / min. okanye ngaphezulu kwe-180 beats / min.
Ukuhluka kwesantya senhliziyo yentliziyo kuhlolwe ngokurekhoda i-amplitude kunye nokuphindaphindiweyo kwe-oscillations, ngoqikelelo lwe-amplitude kunye nexesha elide (oko kukuthi, umehluko kwizinga lentliziyo yentliziyo kunye nokunyakaza okanye ukulwa ngokumalunga nesigqi sesiseko kunye nokuphindaphinda kwezi tshintsho). Ukuqheleka komntwana kufutshane ne-amplitude ye-10-25 beats ngomzuzu, kunye nezihlandlo ezingaphezu kweesithandathu ngeemzuzu, ezihambelana namanqaku amabini ngo-Fischer. Eyamkelekileyo, kodwa eyoyikisayo ixabiso le-oscillation amplitude ye-5-9 bpm, okanye ngaphezulu kwe-25 bpm, kwi-3-6 episodes nganye ngomzuzu, eqikelelwa kwinqanaba eli-1.
Izitshintsho ezisongelayo ziguquka kwi-amplitude engaphantsi kwama-5 bpm, kunye nexesha elininzi lweenguqu ezingaphantsi kwama-3 episodes ngomzuzu, eqikelelwa kumaphuzu angu-0, kwaye ibonisa ukuxinzezeleka komntwana.
Ngokubhekiselele kwimizila yeziganeko zokukhawuleza , ukulinganiselwa kwisithuba seminyaka engama-30, imimiselo yesibalo kukuvela kwamaxesha angama-5 okukhawuleza ngexesha lokunika ithuba, eliqikelelwa kumanqaku amabini. Isiganeko sokukhawuleza kwexesha, kunye nokuphindaphinda kwe-1 ukuya kweyesi-4 kwimizuzu engama-30 kuthathwa njengamkelekileyo, kodwa ukuxhomekeka ngokungafanelekanga, kwaye kuqikelelwa kwinqanaba eli-1. Ukungabikho kokukhawuleza okwangoku kubonisa ukuphulwa okukhulu komntwana.
Ngokubhekisele kwinto echasene nayo - ukunyuswa kwemilinganiselo - okuqhelekileyo kubhaliso lwabo kwiminyaka yokuqala emihlanu yokubhala okanye ukuphela kokuphela-okuqhelekileyo kunye namanqaku amabini. Ubuninzi bokuhluka kwezinto ezibonakalayo xa kwenzeka ukuhlaziywa okanye ukuvela kwazo emva kwemizuzu eyi-15-20 yokurekhoda kwe-CTG kuthetha ukungonakaliswa komntwana kunye nokuqikelelwa kwinqanaba eli-1. Ukuphindaphinda ngexesha lokurekhoda kwe-CTG okanye izinto ezibonakalayo ezibonakalayo - uphawu lokubandezeleka komntwana kwaye lubonisa imfuno yokungenelela kwezokwelapha ngexesha lokubeletha.
Xa sifaka amanqaku kwisibonisi ngasinye, sifumana amanqaku apheleleyo we-CTG ye-fetus - ubuninzi be-10, ubuncinci bee-0-2. Iimpawu zithetha:
- xa uvavanya i-CTG yomntwana, ama-10-8 amaphuzu anjongwa njengesimo esivamile kunye nesigxina esifanelekileyo sesiphumo somsebenzi;
- I-CTG ye-fetus yeengongoma ezi-7 okanye ngaphantsi ibonisa ukukhathazeka okulula kwe-fetus, efuna ukunyamekela ngakumbi ugqirha kwiintsana zombini ngexesha lokubeleka kunye nexesha lokuhamba emva;
- I-CTG ye-fetus ingaphantsi kwama-4 amaphuzu-ibonisa imeko yentsholongwane kwaye ibonisa ukuba kuhanjiswe ngokukhawuleza kwinqanaba le-caesarean okanye amaqhinga asebenzayo ekukhutsheni abasebenzi.