Ngaphambi kokuba uthethe nge-Rh-mpikiswano ngexesha lokukhulelwa, kufuneka uqonde ukuba i-Rh iyintoni, kwaye ziziphi iimeko ezi ngqubana. Ngoko, iR Rh ingenye ye-antigens yeqela legazi, efumaneka kummandla weeseli ezibomvu zegazi (amangqamuzana egazi abomvu). Uninzi lwabantu lunezi antigens (okanye iiprotheni) ezikhoyo, kodwa ngamanye amaxesha azikho.
Ukuba umntu unesisindo seRhesus ebusweni beeseli ezibomvu zegazi, ngoko bathi u-Rh-positive, ukuba akakho, uRhesus-negative. Kwaye ke awukwazi ukuthetha ukuba yiphi i-rhesus engcono. Bahluke - zizo zonke.
I-Rh ebalulekileyo ngexesha lokukhulelwa. Ukuba umama wesikhathi esizayo unguRhabi, kwaye ubaba womntwana nguRh-positive, kukho umngcipheko wokuphuhlisa impikiswano yamaRh phakathi koomama nomntwana. Okokuthi, ukuba umntwana uya kuba neR Rh eyahlukileyo kwi-female, oku kungakhokelela ekuncediseni umama nomntwana.
I-Rh inkalo yomama nomntwana ibangelwa kwi-75% yamatyala, ukuba ngabazali bomntwana baneenkalo ezahlukeneyo ze-Rh. Ewe, oku akusiyo isizathu sokunqaba ukwakha intsapho, kuba ngexesha lokukhulelwa kokuqala ingxabano ayisoloko iphakama, kwaye ngokulawulwa kakuhle kweengxaki zokukhulelwa nayo kunokukhutshwa ngokukhulelwa okulandelayo.
Xa kukho ingxabano ye-rhesus?
Ukuba ukhulelwe okokuqala, umngcipheko wokuphuhlisa i-Rh-conflict is small, kuba akukho zixhobo zokulwa ne-Rh-negative body body. Ngethuba lokukhulelwa kunye nomhlangano wokuqala we-rhesus, akukho zixhobo ezininzi zokuvelisa ziveliswa. Kodwa ukuba i-erythrocyte kakhulu ye-fetus ingena egazini lomama, ngoko emzimbeni inokwaneleyo "iistim zeli memori" ukuphuhlisa izixhobo ezibhekiselele kwi-Rhesus factor in pregnancy subsequent.
Ubume beli meko kuxhomekeke ekuphelelweni kokukhulelwa kokuqala. Ngoko, ukuba:
- kwakukho ukuphuphuma kwesisu - iintsholongwane ezisegazini ziveliswa kuma-3-4% amatyala;
- isisu sokukhupha isisu senziwa - ingozi yokuxabana iyenyuka ibe yi-5-6%;
- Ukukhulelwa kwe-ectopic kwenzeka - kwi-1% yamatyala;
- Ukukhulelwa kwaphela ekuzalweni okuqhelekileyo - umngcipheko ngu-10-15%.
Ukongeza, umngcipheko wokukhuthaza ukunyusa ukwandiswa emva kwecesarean section kunye nokuphazamiseka kwamaplanga. Kodwa, nangona kunjalo, bonke oomama abanomngcipheko we-Rhesus-Conflity badinga ukukhusela iziphumo ezifana nezifo ze-hemolytic ze-fetus .
Impikiswano yeRhesus kunye nemiphumo yayo
Ukuba unina une-Rh-antibodies, kunye ne-Rh-positive yengane, ngoko i-antibodies ibona umntwana njengento engaqhelekanga kwaye ihlasele i-erythrocytes. Egazini lakhe ekuphenduleni, i-bilirubin eninzi iveliswa, idayi yelinen eluhlaza. Into ebhetele kakhulu kule meko kukuba i-bilirubin ingonakalisa ingqondo yomntwana.
Ukongezelela, ekubeni iiseli ezibomvu ze-fetus zichithwa ngama-antibodies of mother, isibindi sakhe kunye ne-spleen zikhawuleza ngokukhawuleza ukuveliswa kweeseli ezintsha zegazi ezibomvu, ngelixa zikhula ngokwanda. Nangona kunjalo abanako ukujamelana nokuzaliswa kweeseli ezibomvu zegazi, kwaye kukho i-oksijeni elambileyo ye-fetus, ekubeni iiseli ezibomvu zegazi azikhupheli i-oksijini kwixabiso elifanelekileyo.
Isiphumo esibi kakhulu seRhesus-intlankaso yinqanaba layo lokugqibela - ukuphuhliswa kwe-hydrocephalus, engakhokelela ekufeni kwangaphakathi kwe-intrauterine .
Ukuba unama-antibodies egazini lakho kunye nokunyuka kwawo kwegama, udinga unyango kwiwadi ekhethekileyo ye-preinatal, apho wena nomntwana uya kunikwa ingqalelo rhoqo. Ukuba ulawula "ukukhupha" ukukhulelwa kwiiveki ezingama-38, uya kuba necandelo le-caesarean ecwangcisiweyo. Ukuba kungenjalo, umntwana uya kunikwa igazi kwi-utero, oko kukuthi, ngokusebenzisa udonga lwesisu lomama kwisisu somzimba kunye ne-20-50 ml ye-massry erythrocyte iya kuthululwa kuso.