Abazali abancinci, kunye neentambane, banokutshitshisa kakhulu igazi ukusuka ekhaleni lomntwana - izizathu zele ngxaki zihluke kakhulu. Ukongezelela, inokutshaywa okanye ininzi. Kwezinye iimeko, le ngxaki ingumqondiso wentsholongwane enzima kwaye ilungiselela nokuhlala esibhedlele.
Kutheni umntwana ephethe igazi ekhaleni?
Zininzi izinto ezenza ukuba kwenzeke le ngxaki. Ukuba umntwana uphuma ephupheni, izizathu zalo mcimbi zingabakho ndawo okanye ziqhelekileyo. Iqela lokuqala labaxhasi liquka ezi zinto zilandelayo:
- ngxakini;
- iipoplasms kwisigxina (iipolps, izilonda, i- adenoids , i-granuloma);
- ubukho bamalungu angaphandle (ama-parasites, izilwanyana okanye izinto ezincinci);
- umonakalo kwi-mucous (isikhonkwane, ipensela, umdlalo okanye enye into);
- ikhefu ;
- i-mucosal dystrophy.
Ukuphuma kwintsholongwane ebantwini kungabangelwa ukunyuka kweemithana yegazi, okucaphukisa ngayo:
- Izifo ezithathelwanayo ezihamba kunye nomkhuhlane (ezi zibandakanya i-rubella, ukukhwehlela, i-meningitis, i-red fever, isifo sofuba nezinye izifo);
- inqubo yokuvuvukala engahambiyo kwintsholongwane, njenge- vasculitis ;
- ukungabikho kwamavithamini C no-K, kunye ne-calcium;
- i-pathology heritage, ebonakalisa ukuphuhliswa kwemithambo yegazi.
Ukongezelela, igazi elisuka ekhaleni kwimpembelelo yomntwana linokubangela izifo ezinzima. Ngokuqhelekileyo loo ngxaki ikhupha iziganeko nezifo ezilandelayo:
- ukutyhafa kwegazi ;
- leukemia;
- i-cirrhosis yesibindi;
- inani leeplatelet linciphile egazini;
- ukuhla kwe-white cell count count.
Igazi elivela ekhaleni kumntwana linokubangela izizathu ezilandelayo:
- iziphazamiso zesifo;
- ukukhwehlela ngamandla;
- utshintsho kwimvelaphi ye-hormonal;
- ukutshitshiswa kwelanga okanye ukutshitshiswa kwamafutha;
- ukutya rhoqo ngamayeza (antihistamines okanye vasoconstrictors);
- utywala obungapheliyo obangelwa yimiphunga, i-aerosols kunye neegesi.
Igazi eliphuma ekhaleni kumntwana ebusuku-kubangelwa
Ngokuqhelekileyo le ngxaki ibangelwa ukoma ngokugqithisileyo kwembrane. Ngokuqhelekileyo, le ndawo ihambelana nemfihlo eyabanjwe ngamaseli e-goblet. Nangona kunjalo, i-muscus enjalo inokuma, egalela ukwanda kwintlanzi yeempahla. Le meko icatshulwa ngezizathu ezahlukahlukeneyo. Yingakho umntwana enegazi ukusuka ekhaleni ebusuku:
- Igumbi apho ubuthongo obunzima bungekho umoya;
- Umbhede wengane usekufutshane nebhetri;
- umntwana unikezwa kancinci ukusela amanzi;
- ukusetyenziswa kakubi kwezidakamizwa ze-vasoconstrictor.
Umntwana uvame ukuba negazi kwiempumlo - izizathu
Le ngxaki inomsindo ngokungena kwixinzelelo legazi. Ukuba umntwana uvame ukuba negazi esuka ekhaleni, izizathu zezi:
- umsebenzi owenziwe ngokweqile;
- ngaphezu kwe vithamini D;
- iingxaki kwi-endocrine system;
- isifo seentso;
- izifo zentliziyo.
Iimpawu zeempumlo zeempumlo
I-Epistaxis kubantwana ayidluli ngokungaqhelekanga. Ukuphuma kwamanzi ngendlela eflekileyo kudla ngokuhambisana neempawu:
- Umntwana unxaniwe.
- Ingane ibonakala idizzy (ngakumbi abantwana abanomdla, nangona umbala obomvu uba mabi).
- Umntwana uphala kwaye ukhononda ngobuthakathaka ngokubanzi kunye neengxaki zomeleleyo.
- Ingqungquthela inokugutywa yingxolo ezindlebeni.
Xa umntwana enegazi kwiempumlo (ubukhulu bomlinganiselo we-pathology), oku kudla ngokuhambisana neempawu ezilandelayo:
- tachycardia;
- ukuphefumula okufutshane;
- ukunciphisa uxinzelelo lwegazi;
- isikhumba se-cyanotic;
- ukungcola.
Ukuphuma kwegazi ngokugqithisileyo kunokubangela ukutshatyalaliswa okukhulu. Umntwana unengcinezelo yegazi ephantsi. I-pulse yesigulane esincinci sinjengomtshini. Ukongezelela, umntwana usenokuphelelwa yinto. Ukubonakaliswa kwazo zonke ezi zimpawu sisihlandlo sokuvakala i-alamu. Konke oku kubonisa iingxaki zempilo ezinzulu kumntwana. Ingane ifuna uncedo lwezokwelapha: awukwazi ukuxhalabisa, kuba iingxaki ezinobungozi zingabonakala.
Uncedo lokuqala lokuphuma kwegazi
Ejongene nale ngxaki, into eyona nto ayikuyikwesaba. Abazali kufuneka bahlalise kangangoko kunokwenzeka. Kwaye kubalulekile ukuphazamisa i-crumb. Unonophelo olungxamisekileyo lwezityalo zeempumlo kufuneka zinikezwe ngaphandle kokulibala. Kule meko, abazali kufuneka benze ngokuchanekileyo. Ukuncediswa ngokungenakuncedo kungabangela ingozi enkulu umntwana. Ukuba ukuphuma kwegazi akunakwenzeka:
- ukubuyisela intloko yomntwana;
- ukucoca umququ;
- izinto ezizimeleyo ezizimeleyo ezivela kwiindawo ezisemgangathweni;
- ukuvuthela impumlo yakho, njengoko i-clot iya kutshintsha kwaye kwakhona igazi liya kuhamba;
- imilenze ukuphakamisa ngaphezu kwinqanaba lentloko.
Uncedo lokuqala lokuphuma kwegazi
Ukuze unciphise imeko ye-crumb, kufuneka udibanise iimpahla zentsana. Ufanele umfundise indlela yokuphefumula ngokufanelekileyo: kufuneka aphefumle ngeempumlo aze aphume ngomlomo wakhe. Ukwazi indlela yokumisa igazi kwiempumlo kumntwana, abazali baninzi kwiimeko ezinzima ukujamelana nale ngxaki. Nangona kunjalo, kukho neemeko xa unyango lwengonyango alukwazi ukuphetshwa. Kubalulekile ukubiza i-ambulensi ukuba:
- umntwana unesifo sikashukela;
- ukuphuma kwegazi akuyeki imizuzu engaphezu kwe-15;
- kunyusa uxinzelelo lwegazi;
- Igazi lihamba ludaka;
- usana luphelile;
- umntwana ufumana iingxaki zokuqhawula;
- umntwana uthatha i-Ibuprofen, i-Heparin okanye i-thinners.
Ukuphuma kwamanzi - uncedo lokuqala
Ejongene nale ngxaki, kubalulekile ukuba abazali abancinci bangalahleki.
Nantsi indlela yokumisa ukuphuma kwamanzi:
- Kubalulekile ukubeka i-compress ebandayo kwibhulophu yeziqhekeza.
- Iinyawo zomntwana kufuneka zifudumale.
- Kubalulekile ukwenza i-cotton swab (kufuneka ihlanjwe ngesisombululo se-3% se-hydrogen peroxide).
Emva kokuphuma kwegazi, awukwazi ukukhupha ngokukhawuleza ipakethe yezilwanyana. Ngaphandle koko, ukubuyela kuphinda kungenakupheka. Ukongezelela, kabini ngosuku umlenze we-mucous we-nasal cavity of baby ufanele utyutywe nge-petroleum jelly nayiphi na i-Bacitracin. Oku kuya kukukhusela ekumiseni kwaye kuya kukhawuleza inkqubo yokuphilisa. Ezi nkqubo kufuneka zenziwe ubuncinane iintsuku ezi-7-10.
Ukuthintela ukuphuma kwamanzi kubantwana
Ingxaki ilula ukukhusela kunokulwa nayo. Nangona igazi eliphuma ekhaleni kumntwana lenza izizathu ezahlukeneyo, zonke zilawulwa. Udokotela wezingane uya kunceda kulo: uyazi ukuba yini eyenza ukuba kwenzeke ingxaki enjalo. Ukongezelela, ugqirha uya kubaxelela abazali ukuba kukho igazi elivela ekhaleni kumntwana - into enokuyenza. Amanyathelo okukhusela ngokubanzi aquka:
- Ukuhlaziywa kwesondlo somntwana - ukutya ekugqibeleni kufuneka kuzaliswe kwaye kuphele.
- Ngokusoloko kuyimfuneko ukuvuselela igumbi kwaye uhlambulule imanzi.
- Ukomeleza iindonga zemithambo yegazi kubalulekile ukunika umntwana "Ascorutin".
- Ukuthintela ukutywa kwe-mucous kuya kunceda amaconsi ngempembelelo.